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Meaning of "Calvin cycle" in the English dictionary

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DICTIONARY
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ETYMOLOGY OF THE WORD CALVIN CYCLE

Named after Melvin Calvin, who elucidated it.
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Etymology is the study of the origin of words and their changes in structure and significance.
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PRONUNCIATION OF CALVIN CYCLE

Calvin cycle play
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GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF CALVIN CYCLE

noun
adjective
verb
adverb
pronoun
preposition
conjunction
determiner
exclamation
Calvin cycle is a noun.
A noun is a type of word the meaning of which determines reality. Nouns provide the names for all things: people, objects, sensations, feelings, etc.

WHAT DOES CALVIN CYCLE MEAN IN ENGLISH?

Light-independent reactions

The light-independent reactions of photosynthesis are chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and other compounds into glucose. These reactions occur in the stroma, the fluid-filled area of a chloroplast outside of the thylakoid membranes. These reactions take the light-dependent reactions and perform further chemical processes on them. There are three phases to the light-independent reactions, collectively called the Calvin cycle: carbon fixation, reduction reactions, and ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate regeneration. Despite its name, this process occurs only when light is available. Plants do not carry out the Calvin cycle by night. They, instead, release sucrose into the phloem from their starch reserves. This process happens when light is available independent of the kind of photosynthesis; CAM plants store malic acid in their vacuoles every night and release it by day in order to make this process work.

Definition of Calvin cycle in the English dictionary

The definition of Calvin cycle in the dictionary is a series of reactions, occurring during photosynthesis, in which glucose is synthesized from carbon dioxide.

WORDS THAT BEGIN LIKE CALVIN CYCLE

Calvados
calvaria
calvarial
calvarian
calvaries
calvary
Calvary cross
calve
calver
Calvert
calves
Calvin
Calvinism
Calvinist
Calvinistic
Calvinistical
Calvino

WORDS THAT END LIKE CALVIN CYCLE

bicycle
business cycle
cell cycle
cycle
freecycle
heterocycle
life cycle
menstrual cycle
monocycle
motorcycle
nitrogen cycle
racing bicycle
recycle
song cycle
stationary bicycle
tricycle
two-cycle
unicycle
upcycle
vicious cycle
water cycle

Synonyms and antonyms of Calvin cycle in the English dictionary of synonyms

SYNONYMS

Translation of «Calvin cycle» into 25 languages

TRANSLATOR
online translator

TRANSLATION OF CALVIN CYCLE

Find out the translation of Calvin cycle to 25 languages with our English multilingual translator.
The translations of Calvin cycle from English to other languages presented in this section have been obtained through automatic statistical translation; where the essential translation unit is the word «Calvin cycle» in English.

Translator English - Chinese

卡尔文循环
1,325 millions of speakers

Translator English - Spanish

ciclo de Calvin
570 millions of speakers

English

Calvin cycle
510 millions of speakers

Translator English - Hindi

केल्विन चक्र
380 millions of speakers
ar

Translator English - Arabic

دورة كالفن
280 millions of speakers

Translator English - Russian

Calvin цикл
278 millions of speakers

Translator English - Portuguese

ciclo de Calvin
270 millions of speakers

Translator English - Bengali

ক্যালভিন চক্র
260 millions of speakers

Translator English - French

cycle de Calvin
220 millions of speakers

Translator English - Malay

Kitaran Calvin
190 millions of speakers

Translator English - German

Calvin-Zyklus
180 millions of speakers

Translator English - Japanese

カルビン回路
130 millions of speakers

Translator English - Korean

캘빈 사이클
85 millions of speakers

Translator English - Javanese

Siklus Calvin
85 millions of speakers
vi

Translator English - Vietnamese

Calvin chu kỳ
80 millions of speakers

Translator English - Tamil

கால்வின் சுழற்சி
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Marathi

केल्विन सायकल
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Turkish

Calvin döngüsü
70 millions of speakers

Translator English - Italian

ciclo di Calvin
65 millions of speakers

Translator English - Polish

cykl Calvina
50 millions of speakers

Translator English - Ukrainian

Calvin цикл
40 millions of speakers

Translator English - Romanian

ciclul Calvin
30 millions of speakers
el

Translator English - Greek

κύκλος Calvin
15 millions of speakers
af

Translator English - Afrikaans

Calvin siklus
14 millions of speakers
sv

Translator English - Swedish

Calvin cykeln
10 millions of speakers
no

Translator English - Norwegian

Calvin syklus
5 millions of speakers

Trends of use of Calvin cycle

TRENDS

TENDENCIES OF USE OF THE TERM «CALVIN CYCLE»

The term «Calvin cycle» is regularly used and occupies the 106.015 position in our list of most widely used terms in the English dictionary.
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100%
FREQUENCY
Regularly used
51
/100
The map shown above gives the frequency of use of the term «Calvin cycle» in the different countries.
Principal search tendencies and common uses of Calvin cycle
List of principal searches undertaken by users to access our English online dictionary and most widely used expressions with the word «Calvin cycle».

FREQUENCY OF USE OF THE TERM «CALVIN CYCLE» OVER TIME

The graph expresses the annual evolution of the frequency of use of the word «Calvin cycle» during the past 500 years. Its implementation is based on analysing how often the term «Calvin cycle» appears in digitalised printed sources in English between the year 1500 and the present day.

Examples of use in the English literature, quotes and news about Calvin cycle

EXAMPLES

10 ENGLISH BOOKS RELATING TO «CALVIN CYCLE»

Discover the use of Calvin cycle in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to Calvin cycle and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in English literature.
1
Biology: Understanding Life
But this is only half the story. Photosynthetic organisms use the ATP and NADPH produced by the light-dependent reactions to build organic molecules from atmospheric carbon dioxide, a process called carbon fixation or the Calvin cycle ( after ...
Sandra Alters, 2000
2
Cell and Molecular Biology: Concepts and Experiments
This pathway has become known as the Calvin cycle (or Calvin-Benson cycle), and it occurs in cyanobacteria and all eukaryotic pho- tosynthetic cells. A simplified version of the Calvin cycle is shown in Figure 6.19b. The cycle comprises three ...
Gerald Karp, 2009
3
Handbook of Photosynthesis, Second Edition
ASSOCIATION OF WATER-SOLUBLE ENZYMES WITH THE THYLAKOID MEMBRANES Protein extraction studies have indicated partial binding of Rubisco and non abundant Calvin cycle enzymes FBPase, RPK, GAPDH, PGK, and RPI to ...
Mohammad Pessarakli, 2005
4
Competition Science Vision
The reduction of CO2 occurs in the stroma of chloroplasts by means of a series of sequential reactions known as Calvin cycle (named after its discoverer Melvin Calvin). Calvin Cycle (C3-pathway) • Calvin cycle although, does not require light , ...
5
AP Biology, 2nd Ed. (Book Only)
DETAILS The production of sugar that occurs during the Calvin cycle consumes enormous amounts of ATP, so periodically, the chloroplast runs low on ATP. When it does, the chloroplast carries out cyclic photophosphorylation to replenish the ...
Deborah T. Goldberg, M.S.
6
Int Std Ed-General Biology
Calvin. Focus on Research describes the experiments Calvin and his colleagues used to elucidate the light- independent reactions. The Calvin Cycle Uses NADPH, ATP, and CO2 to Generate Carbohydrates The light-independent reactions of ...
Paul E. Hertz, Cecie Starr, Peter Russell, Beverly McMillan, Stephen L. Wolfe, Peter Russell, 2008
7
Plant Responses to Air Pollution and Global Change
Levels of the intermediate compounds in the Calvin cycle and the accumulation of carbohydrates were also higher than those in the wild-type plants. The transgenic tobacco also increased in the initial activity of Rubisco compared with that in ...
Kenji Omasa, Isamu Nouchi, Luit J. De Kok, 2007
8
Terrestrial Photosynthesis in a Changing Environment: A ...
The reactions of what became known as the 'Calvin cycle' have not changed in the intervening 50 years. Some writ— ers acknowledge the contributions of ].A. Bassham and A. Benson, by calling the cycle the Calvin—Benson cycle, the ...
Jaume Flexas, Francesco Loreto, Hipólito Medrano, 2012
9
Ecological Climatology: Concepts and Applications
The CO2 enters the Calvin cycle, reacting with RuBP to form PGA, while the pyruvate reacts with ATP to form more PEP. The C4 photosynthetic pathway requires a special leaf anatomy because the initial fixing of CO2 into malate or aspartate ...
Gordon B. Bonan, 2002
10
Stomata
9.4.1 Is the Calvin cycle present in GCPs? Although there is a general view that the Calvin cycle is of low activity or possibly absent in the guard cell chloroplasts, such that it cannot operate at levels sufficient to meet the solute requirements for  ...
C. Willmer, M. Fricker, 1996

10 NEWS ITEMS WHICH INCLUDE THE TERM «CALVIN CYCLE»

Find out what the national and international press are talking about and how the term Calvin cycle is used in the context of the following news items.
1
Manitoulin Secondary School celebrates 2015 grads
If stressing over getting the right MLA citations, memorizing the Calvin cycle, trying to prove trig identities, and having to ask and carry around ... «Manitoulin Expositor, Jun 15»
2
Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals carbohydrate and lipid …
In addition, another carbohydrate metabolism-related gene (AT3G60750), encoding transketolase in Calvin cycle, was down-regulated by ... «BMC Blogs Network, Mar 15»
3
Enhancing microbial pathways for biofuel production
... DXP pathways in plants and algae "could provide a more direct link from carbon fixation (Ru5P in the Calvin cycle) to the terpene pathway.". «Phys.Org, Jan 15»
4
Michigan Tech Honors Two Alumni with Melvin Calvin Medal of …
The series of biochemical reactions he identified is known as the Calvin cycle. In 2011 Calvin was memorialized on a 44-cent postage stamp. «Michigan Tech News, Jul 14»
5
Chargers Logo Used To Spice Up Synthetic Chemistry Research
Back in 1955, a grad student of Melvin Calvin—who discovered the Calvin cycle—slipped a tiny stick-figure fisherman into a diagram of an ... «Deadspin, Apr 14»
6
Seven from the Severn at New Road
... units are maintained at approximately 1500 PPM, ensuring that, when adding extra light, photosynthesis and the Calvin cycle is balanced. «Pitchcare, Jul 13»
7
Simple things can morph into complex structures
#This is followed by a second phase, called the Calvin Cycle, where the chemical energy stored in ATP is used in a chemical reaction that ... «Walla Walla Union-Bulletin, Jul 13»
8
Uni High team heads to National Science Bowl finals
BIOLOGY: In what part of the chloroplast is carbon fixed during the Calvin cycle? 4. CHEMISTRY: Which of the following 1.0 molar solutions will ... «OCRegister, Feb 13»
9
Making sugar from carbon dioxide: The Calvin Cycle
The second is the Calvin cycle although the name is a little unfashionable nowadays. It's politer to refer to it as the Calvin–Benson-Bassham ... «Scientific American, Jan 13»
10
ATP Synthase: The power plant of the cell
Photosynthesis: Light reaction, Calvin cycle, Electron Transport [3D Animation] - Duration: 7:27. by Biology / Medicine Animations HD 574,903 ... «YouTube, Jan 13»

REFERENCE
« EDUCALINGO. Calvin cycle [online]. Available <https://educalingo.com/en/dic-en/calvin-cycle>. Apr 2024 ».
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