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Meaning of "disproportionation" in the English dictionary

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PRONUNCIATION OF DISPROPORTIONATION

disproportionation  [ˌdɪsprəˌpɔːʃəˈneɪʃən] play
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GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF DISPROPORTIONATION

noun
adjective
verb
adverb
pronoun
preposition
conjunction
determiner
exclamation
Disproportionation is a noun.
A noun is a type of word the meaning of which determines reality. Nouns provide the names for all things: people, objects, sensations, feelings, etc.

WHAT DOES DISPROPORTIONATION MEAN IN ENGLISH?

Disproportionation

Disproportionation is a specific type of redox reaction in which a species is simultaneously reduced and oxidized to form two different products. For example: the UV photolysis of mercury chloride Hg2Cl2 → Hg + HgCl2 is a disproportionation. Mercury is a diatomic dication Hg2+ 2. In this reaction the chemical bond in the molecular ion is broken and one mercury atom is reduced to mercury and the other is oxidized to mercury. A similar type of reaction, but in which no element changes oxidation number, is the acid-base disproportionation reaction observed when an amphiprotic species reacts with itself. Two common examples for conjugated bases of polyprotic acids such as bicarbonate and dihydrogenophosphate are respectively: 2 HCO− 3 → CO2− 3 + H2CO3 2 H 2PO− 4 → HPO2− 4 + H3PO4 . This is also called autoionization. Another variant on disproportionation is radical disproportionation, in which two radicals form an alkane and alkene.

Definition of disproportionation in the English dictionary

The definition of disproportionation in the dictionary is a reaction between two identical molecules in which one is reduced and the other oxidized.

WORDS THAT RHYME WITH DISPROPORTIONATION


combination
ˌkɒmbɪˈneɪʃən
contamination
kənˌtæmɪˈneɪʃən
coordination
kəʊˌɔːdɪˈneɪʃən
designation
ˌdɛzɪɡˈneɪʃən
destination
ˌdɛstɪˈneɪʃən
determination
dɪˌtɜːmɪˈneɪʃən
discrimination
dɪˌskrɪmɪˈneɪʃən
domination
ˌdɒmɪˈneɪʃən
donation
dəʊˈneɪʃən
elimination
ɪˌlɪmɪˈneɪʃən
examination
ɪɡˌzæmɪˈneɪʃən
explanation
ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən
illumination
ɪˌluːmɪˈneɪʃən
imagination
ɪˌmædʒɪˈneɪʃən
nation
ˈneɪʃən
nomination
ˌnɒmɪˈneɪʃən
origination
ɒˌrɪdʒɪˈneɪʃən
resignation
ˌrɛzɪɡˈneɪʃən
termination
ˌtɜːmɪˈneɪʃən
vaccination
ˌvæksɪˈneɪʃən

WORDS THAT BEGIN LIKE DISPROPORTIONATION

disprize
disprofess
disprofit
disproof
disproove
disproperty
disproportion
disproportionable
disproportionableness
disproportionably
disproportional
disproportionate
disproportionately
disproportionateness
dispropriate
disprovable
disproval
disprove
disprover
disprovide

WORDS THAT END LIKE DISPROPORTIONATION

accreditation
action
administration
animation
application
association
certification
citation
communication
confirmation
conversation
corporation
creation
decoration
documentation
duration
education
evaluation
excitation
federation
formation

Synonyms and antonyms of disproportionation in the English dictionary of synonyms

SYNONYMS

Translation of «disproportionation» into 25 languages

TRANSLATOR
online translator

TRANSLATION OF DISPROPORTIONATION

Find out the translation of disproportionation to 25 languages with our English multilingual translator.
The translations of disproportionation from English to other languages presented in this section have been obtained through automatic statistical translation; where the essential translation unit is the word «disproportionation» in English.

Translator English - Chinese

歧化
1,325 millions of speakers

Translator English - Spanish

desproporción
570 millions of speakers

English

disproportionation
510 millions of speakers

Translator English - Hindi

disproportionation
380 millions of speakers
ar

Translator English - Arabic

disproportionation
280 millions of speakers

Translator English - Russian

диспропорционирования
278 millions of speakers

Translator English - Portuguese

desproporcionamento
270 millions of speakers

Translator English - Bengali

disproportionation
260 millions of speakers

Translator English - French

dismutation
220 millions of speakers

Translator English - Malay

Tidak seimbang
190 millions of speakers

Translator English - German

Disproportionierung
180 millions of speakers

Translator English - Japanese

不均化
130 millions of speakers

Translator English - Korean

불균등
85 millions of speakers

Translator English - Javanese

Disproportionation
85 millions of speakers
vi

Translator English - Vietnamese

disproportionation
80 millions of speakers

Translator English - Tamil

விகிதச்சிதைவின்
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Marathi

अपप्रवृत्ती
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Turkish

disproporsiyonu
70 millions of speakers

Translator English - Italian

disproporzionamento
65 millions of speakers

Translator English - Polish

dysproporcjacji
50 millions of speakers

Translator English - Ukrainian

диспропорционирования
40 millions of speakers

Translator English - Romanian

disproporționării
30 millions of speakers
el

Translator English - Greek

δυσαναλογοποίηση
15 millions of speakers
af

Translator English - Afrikaans

disproporsionering
14 millions of speakers
sv

Translator English - Swedish

disproportionering
10 millions of speakers
no

Translator English - Norwegian

disproporsjonering
5 millions of speakers

Trends of use of disproportionation

TRENDS

TENDENCIES OF USE OF THE TERM «DISPROPORTIONATION»

The term «disproportionation» is regularly used and occupies the 83.659 position in our list of most widely used terms in the English dictionary.
0
100%
FREQUENCY
Regularly used
61
/100
The map shown above gives the frequency of use of the term «disproportionation» in the different countries.
Principal search tendencies and common uses of disproportionation
List of principal searches undertaken by users to access our English online dictionary and most widely used expressions with the word «disproportionation».

FREQUENCY OF USE OF THE TERM «DISPROPORTIONATION» OVER TIME

The graph expresses the annual evolution of the frequency of use of the word «disproportionation» during the past 500 years. Its implementation is based on analysing how often the term «disproportionation» appears in digitalised printed sources in English between the year 1500 and the present day.

Examples of use in the English literature, quotes and news about disproportionation

EXAMPLES

10 ENGLISH BOOKS RELATING TO «DISPROPORTIONATION»

Discover the use of disproportionation in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to disproportionation and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in English literature.
1
Free Radicals in Chemistry and Biology
H - C - distance at which the disproportionation reaction takes place corresponds to the van der Waals contact radius of 0.29 nm, between the carbon of the radical and the 3-H atom on the neighboring radical.262 Also, atoms other than ...
Milan Lazar, 1989
2
Handbook of Radical Polymerization
The molecular weight distribution and the polydispersity are functions of the mode of termination; the polydispersity M w/ Mn is equal to 1.5 if termination is by combination only, and 2 if by disproportionation only.433 The nature of the end ...
Krzysztof Matyjaszewski, Thomas P. Davis, 2003
3
Sulfur Biogeochemistry: Past and Present
Although disproportionation reactions do not cause a net oxidation of the sulfur species, they have a key function in sulfide oxidation. Disproportionation provides a shunt in the sulfur cycle whereby the H,S formed by this reaction may again be ...
Jan P. Amend, Katrina J. Edwards, Timothy W. Lyons, 2004
4
Aquatic Geomicrobiology
There are obviously a wide variety of different physiological adaptations to sulfur compound disproportionation, allowing disproportionation to potentially occur in a broad range of different environments. Thus, in stable anoxic settings with ...
Donald E. Canfield, Erik Kristensen, Bo Thamdrup, 2005
5
Molecular Transport and Reaction in Zeolites: Design and ...
When toluene undergoes disproportionation under the steric constraints imposed by medium pore zeolites, p-xylene is the primary product [82]; however an equilibrium mixture is always attained even at low conversions since the rate of ...
N. Y. Chen, Thomas F. Degnan, Jr., C. Morris Smith, 1994
6
Handbook of Polyolefins
TABLE 1 Propene Metathesis Disproportionation Over Supported Molybdenum Oxide Catalysts Catalytic system [Ru] (30) [Ru] (31) Nitrogen [42] and sulfur [43] heterocycles. Source: Refs. la and 3. is one of the most economical routes for ...
Cornelia Vasile, 2000
7
Handbook of Bimolecular and Termolecular Gas Reactions
141 trimethylsilyl radicals, 141 vinyl radicals, 136 Disproportionation reactions atom and radical, 68 — 106 radical, 119—131 rate constant ratios, 119 — 131 Chlorine atom addition reactions, 162 Chloromethyne radicals addition reactions,  ...
J. Alistair Kerr, 1987
8
New Developments in Zeolite Science and Technology
Disproportionation. of. Paraflins. I. Pentanes. N. Y. Chen Central Research Laboratory, Mobil Research and Development Corporation, P. 0. Box 1025, Princeton, New Jersey 08540 USA At 240°C n— and iso—pentanes isomerize and ...
Y. Murakami, A. Iijima, J.W. Ward, 1986
9
Catalysis and Zeolites: Fundamentals and Applications
5.7.7.2 Isomerization and Disproportionate of meta-Xylene On catalysts with Brcnsted acid sites, meta-xylene can undergo isomerization (to para- and orf/io- xylene) or disproportionation to 1,2,3-, 1,2,4- or 1,3,5-tri- methylbenzene (and toluene) ...
Jens Weitkamp, Lothar Puppe, 1999
10
Stereochemistry of Radical Reactions: Concepts, Guidelines, ...
Some orientations of the radical pair lead to radical-radical coupling while other orientations give only disproportionation. The dynamics of radical pair reorientation phenomena depend on solvent and temperature and calculated (kD /kC) ...
Dennis P. Curran, Ned A. Porter, Bernd Giese, 2008

10 NEWS ITEMS WHICH INCLUDE THE TERM «DISPROPORTIONATION»

Find out what the national and international press are talking about and how the term disproportionation is used in the context of the following news items.
1
Research and Markets: Global Aromatics Markets Report 2015 …
... olefins plants and by the coal tar process as well as toluene disproportionation and transalkylaton units. The aromatics are the basic building ... «Business Wire, Jul 15»
2
Price and market trends: US benzene/toluene spread down sharply
A wide spread of benzene over toluene encourages the use of toluene disproportionation (TDP) and selective toluene disproportionation ... «ICIS, Jul 15»
3
US benzene demand climbs as downstream unit returns from …
On-purpose benzene production from toluene disproportionation and Mobil select toluene disproportionation remained flat at 17,270 b/d as ... «Platts, Jul 15»
4
Annual sulfur cycle in a warm monomictic lake with sub-millimolar …
... sulfate reduction alone or by microbial sulfate reduction combined with microbial disproportionation of sulfide oxidation intermediates. «7thSpace Interactive, Jul 15»
5
Lack of spare paraxylene prevents ARA-USEC trade despite …
"In the US, toluene disproportionation process units are not running, or are at low rates," another trader in Europe added, explaining the boost ... «Platts, Jun 15»
6
Market outlook: Cost savings sweet spot
... produced by catalytic reforming of naphtha, from the pyrolysis gasoline stream in a naphtha steam cracker and by toluene disproportionation. «ICIS, Jun 15»
7
US benzene production dips on poor on-purpose margins
On-purpose benzene production from toluene disproportionation and Mobil select toluene disproportionation fell to 7,400 b/d in the week from ... «Platts, May 15»
8
Asian PX/MX spread narrows to $93/mt on tight MX supply, PX restarts
... the firmness in isomer-MX prices to tight supply and increased demand in China, where MX production from toluene disproportionation units ... «Platts, May 15»
9
Ortho-Xylene Market : Global Industry Analysis and Opportunity …
They are derived from various sources within a refinery including pyrolysis gasoline, toluene disproportionation and reformate among others. Reformate ... «Digital Journal, May 15»
10
TABLE-Japan refinery petchem upgrade and construction plans
... Showa Shell Yokkaichi toluene mixed xylene 2016 disproportionation 200,000 tpy process (TDP) KPI Chiba mixed xylene mixed xylene after ... «Reuters Africa, May 15»

REFERENCE
« EDUCALINGO. Disproportionation [online]. Available <https://educalingo.com/en/dic-en/disproportionation>. Apr 2024 ».
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