Meaning of "episome" in the English dictionary

PRONUNCIATION OF EPISOME

episome  [ˈɛpɪˌsəʊm]

GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF EPISOME

Episome is a noun.

A noun is a type of word the meaning of which determines reality. Nouns provide the names for all things: people, objects, sensations, feelings, etc.

WHAT DOES EPISOME MEAN IN ENGLISH?

Plasmid

A plasmid is a small DNA molecule that is physically separate from, and can replicate independently of, chromosomal DNA within a cell. Most commonly found as small circular, double-stranded DNA molecules in bacteria, plasmids are sometimes present in archaea and eukaryotic organisms. In nature, plasmids carry genes that may benefit survival of the organism, and can frequently be transmitted from one bacterium to another via horizontal gene transfer. Artificial plasmids are widely used as vectors in molecular cloning, serving to drive the replication of recombinant DNA sequences within host organisms. The term plasmid was first introduced by the American molecular biologist Joshua Lederberg in 1952. Plasmid sizes vary from 1 to over 1,000 kbp. The number of identical plasmids in a single cell can range anywhere from one to thousands under some circumstances. Plasmids can be found in all three major domains: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Plasmids are considered replicons, capable of replicating autonomously within a suitable host. However, plasmids, like viruses, are not considered by some to be a form of life.

Definition of episome in the English dictionary

The definition of episome in the dictionary is a unit of genetic material in bacteria, such as a plasmid, that can either replicate independently or can be integrated into the host chromosome.

TRANSLATION OF EPISOME

Find out the translation of episome to 25 languages with our English multilingual translator.

The translations of episome from English to other languages presented in this section have been obtained through automatic statistical translation; where the essential translation unit is the word «episome» in English.

• Translator English - Chinese: 附加体
• Translator English - Spanish: episome
• English: episome
• Translator English - Hindi: episome
• Translator English - Arabic: يصبوغ
• Translator English - Russian: эписомы
• Translator English - Portuguese: episome
• Translator English - Bengali: episome
• Translator English - French: épisome
• Translator English - Malay: Episome
• Translator English - German: Episoms
• Translator English - Japanese: エピソーム
• Translator English - Korean: 에피 솜
• Translator English - Javanese: Episome
• Translator English - Vietnamese: episome
• Translator English - Tamil: episome
• Translator English - Marathi: अनुलक्षण
• Translator English - Turkish: epizomdur
• Translator English - Italian: episoma
• Translator English - Polish: episom
• Translator English - Ukrainian: епісоми
• Translator English - Romanian: epizom
• Translator English - Greek: επισωμα
• Translator English - Afrikaans: episome
• Translator English - Swedish: episom
• Translator English - Norwegian: episome

10 ENGLISH BOOKS RELATING TO «EPISOME»

Discover the use of episome in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to episome and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in English literature.

Genetic Engineering

The F episome also carries the lac lq mutation which results in the overproduction of the lac cytoplasmic repressor. This allows the regulation of the expression of the lac operon by the addition of isopropylthio-P-D-galactoside ( commonly ...

Anil Kumar, Neha Garg, 2005

Nucleic Acids, Nucleotides, and Nucleosides—Advances in ...

Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard University School of Medicine, Boston: Murine Gammaherpesvirus 68 LANA Acts on Terminal Repeat DNA To Mediate Episome Persistence By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Virus Weekly ...

‎2013

ADVANCES IN GENETICS

Every episome thus far studied therefore either contains, or can give rise to variants which contain, some genetic material which is not obligatorily episomal. Frequently, it is only by virtue of this material that we are cognizant of the presence of ...

Ernst W. Caspari, J. M. Thoday, 1963

Papillomavirus Infections: New Insights for the Healthcare ...

episome. stability. is. reduced. by. aphidicolin. and. controlled. by. DNA. damage. response. pathways. By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Biotech Week — Investigators discuss new findings in Small Interference RNAs (siRNAs).

‎2013

World Congress of Nonlinear Analysts '92: Proceedings of the ...

In the analysis presented in Section 2 we formulate the means and variances for extrachromosomal episome replication and segregation. In Section 3 we show the temporal changes in the mean and variance of extra-chromosomal gene- copy ...

V. Lakshmikantham, 1996

Desk Encyclopedia of General Virology

Adenovirus Adenoviruses Persistent infection Adenoid lymphocyte and other sites Papovavirus JC Latent episome Ductal epithelial, lymphoid, astrocyte BK Latent episome Ductal epithelial HPV Latent episome Basal epithelial Poxvirus ...

Marc H.V. van Regenmortel, Brian W.J. Mahy, 2010

Latency Strategies of Herpesviruses

CBS, chromosome binding site. and latency is established, this circular episome is maintained without significant production of virus. Because gammaherpesviruses establish latent infection in mitotic cells and induce proliferation, there must ...

Janos Minarovits, Eva Gonczol, Tibor Valyi-Nagy, 2006

DNA Tumor Viruses

RG1 and RG2 are critical domains for EBNA1 effects on OriP-mediated transcriptional enhancement and episome persistence. Either RG rich domain can mediate EBNA1 chromosome association [65, 304, 305], but both are necessary for ...

Blossom Damania, James Pipas, 2008

Issues in Cancer Epidemiology and Research: 2011 Edition

Current study results from the report, 'In vitro progression of human papillomavirus 16 episome-associated cervical neoplasia displays fundamental similarities to integrantassociated carcinogenesis,' have been published. “An important event ...

‎2012

AIDS-Associated Viral Oncogenesis

In KSHV, LANA—1 is responsible for episomal maintenance, replica— tion, and segregation into daughter cells. In order to carry out these functions, LANA—1 tethers the KSHV episome to the chromosome.25'27'112'398 In KSHV—infected  ...

Craig Meyers, 2007

4 NEWS ITEMS WHICH INCLUDE THE TERM «EPISOME»

Find out what the national and international press are talking about and how the term episome is used in the context of the following news items.

Generation of human iPSC from cells of fibroblastic and epithelial …

The impact of additionally introduced factors on episome-based reprogramming was also investigated. Results: Reprogramming efficiencies ... «7thSpace Interactive, Jun 15»

Genome Editing Edges to the Clinic

... over adeno-associated virus (AAV) delivery. The AAV vector is not integrated into the liver genome; as the liver turns over, the AAV episome ... «Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News, Sep 14»

Promising approach to bacterial strains

... out rudimentary and frustrating attempts to “determine the process of bacterial episome elimination from antibiotic resistant E.coli bacteria”, ... «Ottawa Citizen, Jul 14»

UMSL chemists publish HPV work in scientific journal; company …

The study, “DNA Damage Repair Genes Controlling Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Episome Levels under Conditions of Stability and Extreme ... «UMSL Daily, Nov 13»