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Meaning of "gyrase" in the English dictionary

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DICTIONARY
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PRONUNCIATION OF GYRASE

gyrase  [ˈdʒaɪˌreɪz] play
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GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF GYRASE

noun
adjective
verb
adverb
pronoun
preposition
conjunction
determiner
exclamation
Gyrase is a noun.
A noun is a type of word the meaning of which determines reality. Nouns provide the names for all things: people, objects, sensations, feelings, etc.

WHAT DOES GYRASE MEAN IN ENGLISH?

DNA gyrase

DNA gyrase, often referred to simply as gyrase, is an enzyme that relieves strain while double-strand DNA is being unwound by helicase. This causes negative supercoiling of the DNA. Bacterial DNA gyrase is the target of many antibiotics, including nalidixic acid, novobiocin, and ciprofloxacin. It supercoils into DNA by looping the template so as to form a crossing, then cutting one of the double helices and passing the other through it before releasing the break, changing the linking number by two in each enzymatic step. This process occurs in prokaryotes, whose single circular DNA is cut by DNA gyrase and the two ends are then twisted around each other to form supercoils. Very recently, gyrase has been found in the apicoplast of the malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum, a unicellular eukaryote. The unique ability of gyrase to introduce negative supercoils into DNA is what allows bacterial DNA to have free negative supercoils. The ability of gyrase to relax positive supercoils comes into play during DNA replication.

Definition of gyrase in the English dictionary

The definition of gyrase in the dictionary is a topoisomerase enzyme.

WORDS THAT RHYME WITH GYRASE


anticholinesterase
ˌæntɪˌkɒləˈnɛstəˌreɪz
appraise
əˈpreɪz
apyrase
ˈæpəˌreɪz
craze
kreɪz
epimerase
ˈepɪməˌreɪz
erase
ɪˈreɪz
fraise
freɪz
fundraise
ˈfʌndˌreɪz
graze
ɡreɪz
mores
ˈmɔːreɪz
paraphrase
ˈpærəˌfreɪz
phrase
freɪz
polymerase
pəˈlɪməreɪz
praise
preɪz
raise
reɪz
rase
reɪz
raze
reɪz
rephrase
riːˈfreɪz
strays
streɪz
telomerase
tɛˈlɒməˌreɪz

WORDS THAT BEGIN LIKE GYRASE

gyral
gyrally
gyrant
gyrate
gyration
gyrational
gyrator
gyratory
gyre
gyrene
gyrfalcon
gyri
gyro
gyro horizon
gyrocar
gyrocompass
gyrocopter
gyrodyne
gyrofrequency
gyroidal

WORDS THAT END LIKE GYRASE

acetylcholinesterase
anhydrase
buzz phrase
carbonic anhydrase
catch phrase
cholinesterase
chrysoprase
diaphorase
esterase
idocrase
isomerase
luciferase
noun phrase
prepositional phrase
sucrase
to coin a phrase
topoisomerase
transferase
turn of phrase
verb phrase

Synonyms and antonyms of gyrase in the English dictionary of synonyms

SYNONYMS

Translation of «gyrase» into 25 languages

TRANSLATOR
online translator

TRANSLATION OF GYRASE

Find out the translation of gyrase to 25 languages with our English multilingual translator.
The translations of gyrase from English to other languages presented in this section have been obtained through automatic statistical translation; where the essential translation unit is the word «gyrase» in English.

Translator English - Chinese

解旋酶
1,325 millions of speakers

Translator English - Spanish

girasa
570 millions of speakers

English

gyrase
510 millions of speakers

Translator English - Hindi

कर्णक
380 millions of speakers
ar

Translator English - Arabic

gyrase
280 millions of speakers

Translator English - Russian

гираза
278 millions of speakers

Translator English - Portuguese

gyrase
270 millions of speakers

Translator English - Bengali

gyrase
260 millions of speakers

Translator English - French

gyrase
220 millions of speakers

Translator English - Malay

Gyrase
190 millions of speakers

Translator English - German

Gyrase
180 millions of speakers

Translator English - Japanese

ジャイレース
130 millions of speakers

Translator English - Korean

자이라
85 millions of speakers

Translator English - Javanese

Gyrase
85 millions of speakers
vi

Translator English - Vietnamese

gyrase
80 millions of speakers

Translator English - Tamil

கிரேஸைத்
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Marathi

गॅरीस
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Turkish

giraz
70 millions of speakers

Translator English - Italian

girasi
65 millions of speakers

Translator English - Polish

gyraza
50 millions of speakers

Translator English - Ukrainian

гіраза
40 millions of speakers

Translator English - Romanian

girazei
30 millions of speakers
el

Translator English - Greek

γυράση
15 millions of speakers
af

Translator English - Afrikaans

girase
14 millions of speakers
sv

Translator English - Swedish

gyras
10 millions of speakers
no

Translator English - Norwegian

gyrase
5 millions of speakers

Trends of use of gyrase

TRENDS

TENDENCIES OF USE OF THE TERM «GYRASE»

The term «gyrase» is regularly used and occupies the 84.671 position in our list of most widely used terms in the English dictionary.
0
100%
FREQUENCY
Regularly used
61
/100
The map shown above gives the frequency of use of the term «gyrase» in the different countries.
Principal search tendencies and common uses of gyrase
List of principal searches undertaken by users to access our English online dictionary and most widely used expressions with the word «gyrase».

FREQUENCY OF USE OF THE TERM «GYRASE» OVER TIME

The graph expresses the annual evolution of the frequency of use of the word «gyrase» during the past 500 years. Its implementation is based on analysing how often the term «gyrase» appears in digitalised printed sources in English between the year 1500 and the present day.

Examples of use in the English literature, quotes and news about gyrase

EXAMPLES

10 ENGLISH BOOKS RELATING TO «GYRASE»

Discover the use of gyrase in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to gyrase and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in English literature.
1
Molecular Biology: Academic Cell Update Edition
Ciprofloxacin kills bacteria by inhibiting DNA gyrase. It is harmless to animals as they do not use DNA gyrase for compacting their DNA. Supercoiled DNA One strand passed through nick and resealed Strand nick Type I topoisomerases one  ...
David P. Clark, 2009
2
Cancer Research Supported Under Biomed1
Comparison of drug-promoted DNA cleavage mediated by topoisomerase II and hy DNA gyrase (Milan, Newcastle and London) Mammalian topoisomerase II shares structural, functional and mechanistic features with DNA gyrase, the ...
S. S. Baig, 1998
3
DNA Replication
392 Other Functions of DNA Gyrase chapter 12: Cells maintain the superhelicity of the chromosome within rather narrow Topoisomerases limits. This homeostatic control is achieved by the antagonistic actions of gyrase and topo I.76 Some of ...
Arthur Kornberg, Tania A. Baker, 2005
4
Infectious Diseases in Immunocompromised Hosts
Currently, two major mechanisms have been defined: (1) alterations in the bacterial DNA gyrase, the molecular target of the quinolone action; and (2) reduction of drug accumulation in the cells.9" 10.2.3.1 Alterations in Bacterial DNA Gyrase ...
Vassil St. Georgiev, 1997
5
Cell and Molecular Biology of Plastids
1989); E. coli gyrase is comprised of 95 kDa gyrase B and 105 kDa gyrase A subunits (Reece and Maxwell 1991). A more recent proteomic study identified gyrase A- and B-like subunits in proteinnucleic acid particles from purified P. sativum ...
Ralph Bock, 2007
6
Bacterial Genomes: Physical Structure and Analysis
mutant but not in a gyrase mutant (Adams et al, 1992). However, gyrase does seem to be capable of replacing topoisomerase IV if overexpressed. Gyrase may supplement topoisomerase IV, since shifting a temperature-sensitive gyrase ...
F.J. de Bruijn, James R. Lupski, George M. Weinstock, 1998
7
Molecular Biology of DNA Topoisomerases and Its Application ...
DNA gyrase: structure and function. CRC Crii. Rev. Biochem MolBioL.2b. 335. 199L 4. Gellert. M.. Mizuuchi. K.. O'Dea. M. H.. and Nash. H. A.. DNA gyrase: an enzyme that introduces superhelical turus into DNA. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA.. 73.
Toshiwo Andoh, Masao Oguro, Hideo Ikeda, 1992
8
Hyperthermophilic Enzymes
and ParE, which are homologous to GyrA and GyrB, respectively.9 However, Topo IV has no DNA gyrase activity but, as is the case with the eukaryotic enzyme, can relax both positively and negatively supercoiled DNA.10 In the absence of ...
‎2001
9
Links Between Recombination and Replication: Vital Roles of ...
and not (+), the true substrates for unlinking during replication. This is because the systems used to produce the stalled replication intermediates contained sufficient DNA gyrase to (?) supercoil the intermediates before or after stalling.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2002
10
Technological and Medical Implications of Metabolic Control ...
will lead to a change in DNA supercoiling, which in turn leads to a change in transcription rates of topoisomerase I and DNA gyrase genes. Thus a change in the level of DNA supercoiling in the global steady state is not only the result of the  ...
Athel Cornish-Bowden, Maria Luz Cárdenas, 2000

10 NEWS ITEMS WHICH INCLUDE THE TERM «GYRASE»

Find out what the national and international press are talking about and how the term gyrase is used in the context of the following news items.
1
So You Actually Drank the Water During Your Vacation?
Like other fluoroquinolones, ciprofloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. It is bactericidal, and active against Gram ... «MedPage Today, Jun 15»
2
Choppy waters
The standalone company will deal with early stage antibiotics R&D including the novel gyrase inhibitor AZD0914, currently in phase II for the ... «Financial Express, Jun 15»
3
Say it with proteins: an alphabet of crystal structures
... recognition; and for proteins with holes that enclose DNA (A, from DNA gyrase) or puncture the membrane (O, from the toxin cytolysin A). «Nature.com, May 15»
4
AstraZeneca spins out early-stage R&D for antibiotic compounds
The new unnamed company will take over development of AstraZeneca's novel gyrase inhibitor AZD0914 for gonorrhoea, currently in phase ll ... «The Pharmaceutical Journal, Mar 15»
5
Antibiotic linked to nerve damage
All Fluoroquinolone Antibiotics are Topoisomerase Inhibitors, which means they work by attacking DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV on ... «KING5.com, Mar 15»
6
AZ spins out antibiotics R&D biz to focus on key pipelines
The stand-alone company will exclusively deal with early-stage antibiotics R&D, including the novel gyrase inhibitor AZD0914, currently in ... «In-PharmaTechnologist.com, Mar 15»
7
AstraZeneca to spin off anti-infectives research
The new company's principal asset will be the novel gyrase inhibitor AZD0914, which is currently in Phase II clinical trials for treating ... «Royal Society of Chemistry, Mar 15»
8
AstraZeneca Launches $40M Early-Stage Anti-Infectives R&D Unit
The new subsidiary will focus exclusively on R&D for AstraZeneca's early-stage antibiotic pipeline, including the gyrase inhibitor AZD0914, now ... «Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News, Feb 15»
9
Cystic Fibrosis Drug Quinsair For Pseudomonas Aeruginosa …
Specifically, the drug acts by inhibiting important bacteria enzymes for DNA replication, the bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV ... «Cystic Fibrosis News Today, Dec 14»
10
Researchers discover bacteria-killer from natural source
"We were able to show that cystobactamides act as gyrase inhibitors. They prevent the DNA of the bacteria from being compacted in a ... «HealthCanal.com, Dec 14»

REFERENCE
« EDUCALINGO. Gyrase [online]. Available <https://educalingo.com/en/dic-en/gyrase>. Apr 2024 ».
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