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Meaning of "photorespiration" in the English dictionary

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DICTIONARY
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PRONUNCIATION OF PHOTORESPIRATION

photorespiration  [ˌfəʊtəʊˌrɛspəˈreɪʃən] play
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GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF PHOTORESPIRATION

noun
adjective
verb
adverb
pronoun
preposition
conjunction
determiner
exclamation
Photorespiration is a noun.
A noun is a type of word the meaning of which determines reality. Nouns provide the names for all things: people, objects, sensations, feelings, etc.

WHAT DOES PHOTORESPIRATION MEAN IN ENGLISH?

photorespiration

Photorespiration

Photorespiration is a process in plant metabolism which attempts to ameliorate the consequences of a wasteful oxygenation reaction by the enzyme RuBisCO. The desired reaction is the addition of carbon dioxide to RuBP, a key step in the Calvin-Benson cycle, however approximately 25% of reactions by RuBisCO instead add oxygen to RuBP, producing a product that cannot be used within the Calvin-Benson cycle. This process reduces efficiency of photosynthesis, potentially reducing photosynthetic output by 25% in C3 plants. Photorespiration involves a complex network of enzyme reactions that exchange metabolites between chloroplasts, leaf peroxisomes and mitochondria. The oxygenation reaction of RuBisCO is a wasteful process because 3-Phosphoglycerate is created at a reduced rate and higher metabolic cost compared with RuBP carboxylase activity. While photorespiratory carbon cycling results in the formation of G3P eventually, there is still a net loss of carbon and nitrogen, as ammonia. The ammonia must be detoxified at a substantial cost to the cell. Photorespiration also incurs a direct cost of one ATP and one NADH.

Definition of photorespiration in the English dictionary

The definition of photorespiration in the dictionary is a reaction that occurs during photosynthesis in which oxygen is assimilated and used to oxidize carbohydrates, with the release of carbon dioxide: differs from normal respiration in that there is no production of energy in the form of ATP.

WORDS THAT RHYME WITH PHOTORESPIRATION


acceleration
ækˌsɛləˈreɪʃən
collaboration
kəˌlæbəˈreɪʃən
configuration
kənˌfɪɡjʊˈreɪʃən
consideration
kənˌsɪdəˈreɪʃən
cooperation
kəʊˌɒpəˈreɪʃən
corporation
ˌkɔːpəˈreɪʃən
declaration
ˌdɛkləˈreɪʃən
decoration
ˌdɛkəˈreɪʃən
deliberation
dɪˌlɪbəˈreɪʃən
duration
djʊˈreɪʃən
expiration
ˌɛkspɪˈreɪʃən
exploration
ˌɛkspləˈreɪʃən
federation
ˌfɛdəˈreɪʃən
generation
ˌdʒɛnəˈreɪʃən
incorporation
ɪnˌkɔːpəˈreɪʃən
inspiration
ˌɪnspɪˈreɪʃən
operation
ˌɒpəˈreɪʃən
preparation
ˌprɛpəˈreɪʃən
restoration
ˌrɛstəˈreɪʃən
separation
ˌsɛpəˈreɪʃən

WORDS THAT BEGIN LIKE PHOTORESPIRATION

photoreaction
photorealism
photorealist
photorealistic
photoreception
photoreceptive
photoreceptor
photoreconnaissance
photoreduce
photoreduction
photorefractive
photorefractive keratectomy
photoresist
photoscan
photosensitisation
photosensitise
photosensitiser
photosensitive
photosensitivity
photosensitization

WORDS THAT END LIKE PHOTORESPIRATION

accreditation
action
administration
animation
application
association
certification
citation
combination
communication
confirmation
conversation
creation
destination
documentation
education
evaluation
excitation
formation
foundation
hesitation

Synonyms and antonyms of photorespiration in the English dictionary of synonyms

SYNONYMS

Translation of «photorespiration» into 25 languages

TRANSLATOR
online translator

TRANSLATION OF PHOTORESPIRATION

Find out the translation of photorespiration to 25 languages with our English multilingual translator.
The translations of photorespiration from English to other languages presented in this section have been obtained through automatic statistical translation; where the essential translation unit is the word «photorespiration» in English.

Translator English - Chinese

光呼吸
1,325 millions of speakers

Translator English - Spanish

fotorrespiración
570 millions of speakers

English

photorespiration
510 millions of speakers

Translator English - Hindi

photorespiration
380 millions of speakers
ar

Translator English - Arabic

تنفس ضوئي الإحداث
280 millions of speakers

Translator English - Russian

фотодыхание
278 millions of speakers

Translator English - Portuguese

fotorrespiração
270 millions of speakers

Translator English - Bengali

photorespiration
260 millions of speakers

Translator English - French

photorespiration
220 millions of speakers

Translator English - Malay

Photorespiration
190 millions of speakers

Translator English - German

Photorespiration
180 millions of speakers

Translator English - Japanese

光呼吸
130 millions of speakers

Translator English - Korean

광호흡
85 millions of speakers

Translator English - Javanese

Photorespiration
85 millions of speakers
vi

Translator English - Vietnamese

quang hô
80 millions of speakers

Translator English - Tamil

photorespiration
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Marathi

छायाचित्रण
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Turkish

fotorespirasyon
70 millions of speakers

Translator English - Italian

fotorespirazione
65 millions of speakers

Translator English - Polish

fotooddychanie
50 millions of speakers

Translator English - Ukrainian

фотодихання
40 millions of speakers

Translator English - Romanian

photorespiration
30 millions of speakers
el

Translator English - Greek

φωτοαναπνοή
15 millions of speakers
af

Translator English - Afrikaans

fotorespirasie
14 millions of speakers
sv

Translator English - Swedish

photorespiration
10 millions of speakers
no

Translator English - Norwegian

fotorespirasjon
5 millions of speakers

Trends of use of photorespiration

TRENDS

TENDENCIES OF USE OF THE TERM «PHOTORESPIRATION»

The term «photorespiration» is normally little used and occupies the 124.354 position in our list of most widely used terms in the English dictionary.
0
100%
FREQUENCY
Little used
42
/100
The map shown above gives the frequency of use of the term «photorespiration» in the different countries.
Principal search tendencies and common uses of photorespiration
List of principal searches undertaken by users to access our English online dictionary and most widely used expressions with the word «photorespiration».

FREQUENCY OF USE OF THE TERM «PHOTORESPIRATION» OVER TIME

The graph expresses the annual evolution of the frequency of use of the word «photorespiration» during the past 500 years. Its implementation is based on analysing how often the term «photorespiration» appears in digitalised printed sources in English between the year 1500 and the present day.

Examples of use in the English literature, quotes and news about photorespiration

EXAMPLES

10 ENGLISH BOOKS RELATING TO «PHOTORESPIRATION»

Discover the use of photorespiration in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to photorespiration and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in English literature.
1
Photosynthesis, Photorespiration, And Plant Productivity
Photosynthesis, Photorespiration, And Plant Productivity
Israel Zelitch, 2012
2
Photobiology of Higher Plants
Photorespiration - the Carbon Oxidative Cycle (PCO) In the 1920s, Otto Warburg, a German biochemist, observed that photosynthesis in the alga Chlorella was inhibited by O2. This inhibition occurs in all C3 plants studied since and is termed  ...
Maurice S. McDonald, 2003
3
Cell and Molecular Biology
R.G.S. Bidwell and his coworkers had earlier shown that this light stimulated release of CO9 (described as photorespiration), utilizes much of the oxygen released due to CO2 fixed during the preceding light period. Therefore, it was concluded ...
Gupta, 2009
4
Algae: Anatomy, Biochemistry, and Biotechnology
Photorespiration can be defined as the light-dependent uptake of O2 in the chloroplast. It is caused by a fundamental "inefficiency" of RuBisCO. During photosynthesis RuBisCO catalyzes the carboxylation of RuBP to give two molecules of ...
Laura Barsanti, Paolo Gualtieri, 2005
5
Plant Biochemistry
Photorespiration and the Glycolate Pathway A. Physiology of Photorespiration The process termed photorespiration operates only in the light and is respiratory at least in the sense that it involves consumption of 02 and evolution of CO2.
James Bonner, Joseph E. Varner, 1976
6
Carbon Sequestration in Forest Ecosystems
2.3.1.1 Carbon Dioxide Release During Photosynthesis Already in the chloroplasts, photosynthetically fixed C is lost by photorespiration (Berg et al. 2007). This process recycles C atoms that entered the wasteful oxygenase reaction pathway ...
Klaus Lorenz, R. Lal, 2009
7
Handbook of Photosynthesis, Second Edition
Through a series of subsequent reactions occurring in peroxisomes and mitochondria, one fourth of the carbon produced as glycolate is believed to be lost to the atmosphere (photorespiration). The remainder of carbon is returned as glycerate ...
Mohammad Pessarakli, 1996
8
Oxidative Stress in Plants
Photorespiration The inhibition of photosynthesis in C3 plants by oxygen is attributed to the competitive effect of 62 on Rubisco activity (Cornic and Louason, 1980; Ogren, 1984; Björkman, 1996). During carbon assimilation, Rubisco uses CO2 ...
Dirk Inze, Marc Van Montagu, 2003
9
Bioenergetics
Thus, in a situation where leaves are illuminated and the stomates are closed, photorespiration might allow CO2 cycling, and therefore allow electron transport to continue. In addition, it would consume the generated N ADPH and ATP with ...
Peter Gräber, Giulio Milazzo, 1997
10
Transporters and Pumps in Plant Signaling
These transport steps are also important in photorespiration (see below). Currently, the molecular identity of the glyoxylate cycle metabolite transporters is unknown, but it is thought that anion-selective porins mediate the traffic of these ...
Markus Geisler, Kees Venema, 2010

10 NEWS ITEMS WHICH INCLUDE THE TERM «PHOTORESPIRATION»

Find out what the national and international press are talking about and how the term photorespiration is used in the context of the following news items.
1
Smart Cornfields: Photosynthesis Hacks Optimize Food
The reaction cycle by which it is removed, called photorespiration, is long, complicated and a major drain on the efficiency of the plant, ... «Science 2.0, Jul 15»
2
3 photosynthesis hacks to feed the planet
The reaction cycle by which it is removed, called photorespiration, is long, complicated and a major drain on the efficiency of the plant, ... «Futurity: Research News, Jul 15»
3
Can scientists hack photosynthesis to feed the world as population …
The reaction cycle by which it is removed, called photorespiration, is long, complicated and a major drain on the efficiency of the plant, ... «Phys.Org, Jul 15»
4
The Plan to Feed the World by Hacking Photosynthesis
When Rubisco messes up and grabs oxygen, it sets off a reaction pathway called photorespiration, which ends up burning energy and creating ... «Gizmodo India, Jul 15»
5
The nonsense of the nonsense of biofuels
The author spent around half the text explaining the phenomenon of photorespiration, how it greatly diminishes crop productivity, and how C3 ... «Pulse, Jun 15»
6
UI professor researches photosynthesis to increase food supply
Photorespiration, for example, causes the loss of carbohydrates and reduces the efficiency of photosynthesis. The same goes for too much light ... «Daily Illini, Apr 15»
7
CO2-Enriched Air Reduces Effects of Heat Waves During Droughts
... through up-regulation of antioxidant defense metabolism, as well as by reduced photorespiration resulting in lowered oxidative pressure.". «CO2 Science Magazine, Mar 15»
8
Gardner Variety: The difference between climate change, global …
That, in turn, can affect the atmosphere through fluctuating oxygen and carbon dioxide levels resulting from photorespiration. In that sense, the ... «Austin American-Statesman, Jun 14»
9
The Role of Hydrogen Peroxide in Controlling Plant Cell-Signaling …
Furthermore, peroxisomes serve as a major site for reactions generating H2O2 including photorespiration, β-oxidation of fatty acids, and additional oxidation of ... «Student Pulse, Jun 14»
10
Organelles join mitochondria in signalling pathways creation
... organelles that are functionally correlated. Mitochondria, chloroplasts and peroxisomes are linked metabolically through photorespiration. «Science Network Western Australia, May 14»

REFERENCE
« EDUCALINGO. Photorespiration [online]. Available <https://educalingo.com/en/dic-en/photorespiration>. Apr 2024 ».
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