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Meaning of "picrotoxin" in the English dictionary

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PRONUNCIATION OF PICROTOXIN

picrotoxin  [ˌpɪkrəˈtɒksɪn] play
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GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF PICROTOXIN

noun
adjective
verb
adverb
pronoun
preposition
conjunction
determiner
exclamation
Picrotoxin is a noun.
A noun is a type of word the meaning of which determines reality. Nouns provide the names for all things: people, objects, sensations, feelings, etc.

WHAT DOES PICROTOXIN MEAN IN ENGLISH?

Picrotoxin

Picrotoxin, also known as cocculin, is a poisonous crystalline plant compound, first isolated by Pierre Boullay in 1812. The name "picrotoxin" is a combination of the Greek words "picros" and "toxicon". Found primarily in the fruit of the climbing plant Anamirta cocculus, it has a strong physiological action. It acts as a non-competitive channel blocker for the GABAA receptor chloride channels. It is therefore a channel blocker rather than a receptor antagonist. As GABA itself is an inhibitory neurotransmitter, infusion of picrotoxin has stimulant and convulsant effects. As such, picrotoxin can be used to counter barbiturate poisoning, that can occur during general anesthesia or during a large intake outside of the hospital.

Definition of picrotoxin in the English dictionary

The definition of picrotoxin in the dictionary is a bitter poisonous crystalline compound formerly used as an antidote for barbiturate poisoning. Formula: C30H34O13.

WORDS THAT RHYME WITH PICROTOXIN


aflatoxin
ˌæfləˈtɒksɪn
anatoxin
ˌænəˈtɒksɪn
andromedotoxin
ænˌdrɒmɪdəʊˈtɒksɪn
antitoxin
ˌæntɪˈtɒksɪn
bacteriotoxin
bækˌtɪərɪəʊˈtɒksɪn
ciguatoxin
ˌsɪɡwəˈtɒksɪn
cytotoxin
ˌsaɪtəʊˈtɒksɪn
digitoxin
ˌdɪdʒɪˈtɒksɪn
endotoxin
ˌɛndəʊˈtɒksɪn
enterotoxin
ˌentərəʊˈtɒksɪn
exotoxin
ˌɛksəʊˈtɒksɪn
hemotoxin
ˌheməʊˈtɒksɪn
mycotoxin
ˌmaɪkəˈtɒksɪn
neurotoxin
ˌnjʊərəʊˈtɒksɪn
phytotoxin
ˌfaɪtəˈtɒksɪn
saxitoxin
ˌsæksɪˈtɒksɪn
tetrodotoxin
ˌtɛtrəʊdəʊˈtɒksɪn
tocsin
ˈtɒksɪn
toxin
ˈtɒksɪn
zootoxin
ˌzəʊəˈtɒksɪn

WORDS THAT BEGIN LIKE PICROTOXIN

picotite
picowave
picquet
picra
picrate
picrated
picric acid
picrite
picritic
picrocarmine
Pict
Pictish
pictogram
pictograph
pictographic
pictography
Pictor
pictorial
pictorialise
pictorialism

WORDS THAT END LIKE PICROTOXIN

alexin
antiauxin
auxin
biotoxin
botulinum toxin
cephalexin
digoxin
dioxin
ferredoxin
heteroauxin
phytoalexin
polymyxin
pyridoxin
relaxin
thyroxin
toxin-antitoxin

Synonyms and antonyms of picrotoxin in the English dictionary of synonyms

SYNONYMS

Translation of «picrotoxin» into 25 languages

TRANSLATOR
online translator

TRANSLATION OF PICROTOXIN

Find out the translation of picrotoxin to 25 languages with our English multilingual translator.
The translations of picrotoxin from English to other languages presented in this section have been obtained through automatic statistical translation; where the essential translation unit is the word «picrotoxin» in English.

Translator English - Chinese

印防己毒素
1,325 millions of speakers

Translator English - Spanish

picrotoxina
570 millions of speakers

English

picrotoxin
510 millions of speakers

Translator English - Hindi

picrotoxin
380 millions of speakers
ar

Translator English - Arabic

بيكروتوكسين
280 millions of speakers

Translator English - Russian

пикротоксин
278 millions of speakers

Translator English - Portuguese

picrotoxin
270 millions of speakers

Translator English - Bengali

picrotoxin
260 millions of speakers

Translator English - French

picrotoxine
220 millions of speakers

Translator English - Malay

Picrotoxin
190 millions of speakers

Translator English - German

Picrotoxin
180 millions of speakers

Translator English - Japanese

ピクロトキシン
130 millions of speakers

Translator English - Korean

picrotoxin
85 millions of speakers

Translator English - Javanese

Picrotoxin
85 millions of speakers
vi

Translator English - Vietnamese

picrotoxin
80 millions of speakers

Translator English - Tamil

picrotoxin
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Marathi

पिट्रोटॉक्सिन
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Turkish

pikrotoksin
70 millions of speakers

Translator English - Italian

picrotossina
65 millions of speakers

Translator English - Polish

pikrotoksynę
50 millions of speakers

Translator English - Ukrainian

Пікротоксин
40 millions of speakers

Translator English - Romanian

Picrotoxină
30 millions of speakers
el

Translator English - Greek

πικροτοξίνης
15 millions of speakers
af

Translator English - Afrikaans

picrotoxin
14 millions of speakers
sv

Translator English - Swedish

pikrotoxin
10 millions of speakers
no

Translator English - Norwegian

picrotoxin
5 millions of speakers

Trends of use of picrotoxin

TRENDS

TENDENCIES OF USE OF THE TERM «PICROTOXIN»

The term «picrotoxin» is normally little used and occupies the 128.673 position in our list of most widely used terms in the English dictionary.
0
100%
FREQUENCY
Little used
40
/100
The map shown above gives the frequency of use of the term «picrotoxin» in the different countries.
Principal search tendencies and common uses of picrotoxin
List of principal searches undertaken by users to access our English online dictionary and most widely used expressions with the word «picrotoxin».

FREQUENCY OF USE OF THE TERM «PICROTOXIN» OVER TIME

The graph expresses the annual evolution of the frequency of use of the word «picrotoxin» during the past 500 years. Its implementation is based on analysing how often the term «picrotoxin» appears in digitalised printed sources in English between the year 1500 and the present day.

Examples of use in the English literature, quotes and news about picrotoxin

EXAMPLES

10 ENGLISH BOOKS RELATING TO «PICROTOXIN»

Discover the use of picrotoxin in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to picrotoxin and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in English literature.
1
Physiology of Spinal Neurons
Picrotoxin is the most potent member of this group and was most thoroughly studied both in the cat and in the toad. Fig. 5 shows an experiment in which picrotoxin was applied topically to the cat spinal cord. The left hand diagram shows the ...
John Carew Eccles, J. P. Schade ́, 1964
2
Works of the Cavendish Society: Gmelin, Leopold. Hand-book ...
Solutions of gold, stiver, and copper-sails are not altered by aqueous picrotoxin for several hours, provided light be excluded : ferric sulphate is very slowly reduced to ferrous sulphate. (Duflos.) Combinations. It dissolves in 150 pints of water at ...
Cavendish Society, London, 1860
3
Pesticides and Neurological Diseases, Second Edition
Matsumura and Ghiasuddin267-270 initiated a series of experiments in the late 1970s based upon the knowledge that picrotoxin and cyclodiene insecticides produced similar symptoms in insects and that insects tolerant to cyclodienes were ...
Donald J. Ecobichon, Robert M. Joy, 1993
4
Drug Discovery and Evaluation: Pharmacological Assays
The deleterious effects of scopo- lamine, atropine, ethanol, benzodiazepines, haloperi- dol, ketamine, PCP, as well as the facilitatory effects of physostigmine, nicotine, pramiracetam, picrotoxin, naloxone have been reported in the literature  ...
Hans Vogel, 2008
5
From Messengers to Molecules: Memories are Made of These
For example, in studies of retention enhancement resulting from posttraining picrotoxin administrations, the animals are not given treatments shortly prior to the retention test. Thus, a state-dependent interpretation of die retention enhancement ...
Gernot Riedel, Bettina Platt, 2004
6
Chemistry of Organic Bodies, Vegetables
All the alkaline bodies, on the other hand, facilitate the solution of picrotoxin in water. With potash and soda we may dissolve a considerable quantity of it in water. If we add an acid to the solution, the picrotoxin separates unaltered. We can, by ...
Thomas Thomson, 1838
7
Encyclopedia of Basic Epilepsy Research
In the model of picrotoxin-induced seizures, there is no significant sex difference in mean latencies to first convulsions. However, this effect may depend on the dose of the convulsant. Female rats treated with picrotoxin at low doses (4 mg ...
‎2009
8
Cortical Spreading Depression in Classical Conditioning: ...
Acute preparation to test suspected motor cortex sites via stimulation with picrotoxin. In order to verify the full AP extent of the eye motor region, a test of a 12 mm region along the midline was conducted. Berretta, Parthasarathy & Greybiel ...
Gilbert Ray Case, 1999
9
Mobile Telephones: Networks, Applications, and Performance
Power absorbed by rats irradiated with 0.25 or 1 W at 900 MHz GSM radiation, with (groups PR) or without (groups NPT) prior treatment with picrotoxin, together with rat weights and both peak and mean SARs in both brain and whole body ...
Alvin C. Harper, Raymond V. Buress, 2008
10
the chemical news
NOTE ON PICROTOXIN. By RICHARD APJOHN, F.C.S., Pralector of Chemistry Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge. Some time since I prepared a large quantity of picrotoxin from the seeds of the Coccutus indicus with a view of studying ...
william crooks, 1776

6 NEWS ITEMS WHICH INCLUDE THE TERM «PICROTOXIN»

Find out what the national and international press are talking about and how the term picrotoxin is used in the context of the following news items.
1
Deletion of Rapgef6, a candidate schizophrenia susceptibility gene …
... of each EPSP in the presence of the GABAA receptor antagonist picrotoxin (50 μM; Figure 5a). Unexpectedly, we found that the magnitude of ... «Nature.com, Jun 15»
2
Arc expression identifies the lateral amygdala fear memory trace
Except for measurements of intrinsic properties, the GABAA receptor blocker picrotoxin (00 μM) was added to the ACSF. Large, pyramidal-like ... «Nature.com, Mar 15»
3
Rescuing cocaine-induced prefrontal cortex hypoactivity prevents …
Picrotoxin (100 μM) and CNQX (10 μM) were present throughout the experiment to block inhibitory and excitatory synaptic transmission, ... «Nature.com, Apr 13»
4
The Worst Beer In The World, According To Brooklyn Brewery's …
Picrotoxin is what was contained in the Cocculus indicus, which was that berry they used to put in porter. The book dives into the fascinating ... «Gothamist, Oct 11»
5
False conviction from a late autopsy?
There is an instance I mention in the book of a local miller who got some berries from a local surgeon that once boiled down became picrotoxin ... «New Scientist, Aug 11»
6
Standards Panel Wants to Retain Honey Toxin Levels
The honeydew (a sweet exudate) produced from the tutu plant contains tutin, a member of the picrotoxin group. The toxin has no effect on bees ... «Food Safety News, Oct 10»

REFERENCE
« EDUCALINGO. Picrotoxin [online]. Available <https://educalingo.com/en/dic-en/picrotoxin>. Apr 2024 ».
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