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Meaning of "proviral" in the English dictionary

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DICTIONARY
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PRONUNCIATION OF PROVIRAL

proviral  [prəʊˈvaɪərəl] play
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GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF PROVIRAL

noun
adjective
verb
adverb
pronoun
preposition
conjunction
determiner
exclamation
Proviral is an adjective.
The adjective is the word that accompanies the noun to determine or qualify it.

WHAT DOES PROVIRAL MEAN IN ENGLISH?

Definition of proviral in the English dictionary

The definition of proviral in the dictionary is relating to a provirus.


WORDS THAT RHYME WITH PROVIRAL


adenoviral
ˌædɪnəʊˈvaɪərəl
agricultural
ˌæɡrɪˈkʌltʃərəl
cultural
ˈkʌltʃərəl
federal
ˈfɛdərəl
feral
ˈfɪərəl
funeral
ˈfjuːnərəl
general
ˈdʒɛnərəl
leptospiral
ˌleptəˈspaɪərəl
multispiral
ˌmʌltɪˈspaɪərəl
myxoviral
ˌmɪksəʊˈvaɪərəl
nadiral
ˈneɪdɪərəl
nonviral
ˌnɒnˈvaɪərəl
pyral
ˈpaɪərəl
retiral
rɪˈtaɪərəl
retroviral
ˌrɛtrəʊˈvaɪərəl
rural
ˈrʊərəl
scleral
ˈsklɪərəl
seral
ˈsɪərəl
spheral
ˈsfɪərəl
spiral
ˈspaɪərəl

WORDS THAT BEGIN LIKE PROVIRAL

provincial police
provincialise
provincialism
provincialist
provinciality
provincialize
provincially
provine
proving
proving ground
provirus
provision
provision merchant
provisional
provisional driving licence
Provisional IRA
provisionally
provisionary
provisioner
provisions

WORDS THAT END LIKE PROVIRAL

achiral
admiral
antiretroviral
antiviral
arboviral
Archimedes spiral
barred spiral
chiral
decemviral
duumviral
enteroviral
fleet admiral
rear admiral
red admiral
subviral
triumviral
vice admiral
viral
wage-price spiral
white admiral

Synonyms and antonyms of proviral in the English dictionary of synonyms

SYNONYMS

Translation of «proviral» into 25 languages

TRANSLATOR
online translator

TRANSLATION OF PROVIRAL

Find out the translation of proviral to 25 languages with our English multilingual translator.
The translations of proviral from English to other languages presented in this section have been obtained through automatic statistical translation; where the essential translation unit is the word «proviral» in English.

Translator English - Chinese

前病毒
1,325 millions of speakers

Translator English - Spanish

proviral
570 millions of speakers

English

proviral
510 millions of speakers

Translator English - Hindi

proviral
380 millions of speakers
ar

Translator English - Arabic

proviral
280 millions of speakers

Translator English - Russian

провирусная
278 millions of speakers

Translator English - Portuguese

proviral
270 millions of speakers

Translator English - Bengali

proviral
260 millions of speakers

Translator English - French

proviral
220 millions of speakers

Translator English - Malay

Proviral
190 millions of speakers

Translator English - German

proviralen
180 millions of speakers

Translator English - Japanese

プロウイルスの
130 millions of speakers

Translator English - Korean

프로 바이러스
85 millions of speakers

Translator English - Javanese

Proviral
85 millions of speakers
vi

Translator English - Vietnamese

proviral
80 millions of speakers

Translator English - Tamil

proviral
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Marathi

प्रांतातील
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Turkish

proviral
70 millions of speakers

Translator English - Italian

proviral
65 millions of speakers

Translator English - Polish

prowirusowego
50 millions of speakers

Translator English - Ukrainian

провірусна
40 millions of speakers

Translator English - Romanian

proviral
30 millions of speakers
el

Translator English - Greek

προϊικές
15 millions of speakers
af

Translator English - Afrikaans

proviral
14 millions of speakers
sv

Translator English - Swedish

provirala
10 millions of speakers
no

Translator English - Norwegian

proviral
5 millions of speakers

Trends of use of proviral

TRENDS

TENDENCIES OF USE OF THE TERM «PROVIRAL»

The term «proviral» is regularly used and occupies the 91.385 position in our list of most widely used terms in the English dictionary.
0
100%
FREQUENCY
Regularly used
58
/100
The map shown above gives the frequency of use of the term «proviral» in the different countries.
Principal search tendencies and common uses of proviral
List of principal searches undertaken by users to access our English online dictionary and most widely used expressions with the word «proviral».

FREQUENCY OF USE OF THE TERM «PROVIRAL» OVER TIME

The graph expresses the annual evolution of the frequency of use of the word «proviral» during the past 500 years. Its implementation is based on analysing how often the term «proviral» appears in digitalised printed sources in English between the year 1500 and the present day.

Examples of use in the English literature, quotes and news about proviral

EXAMPLES

10 ENGLISH BOOKS RELATING TO «PROVIRAL»

Discover the use of proviral in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to proviral and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in English literature.
1
Priming Immunization with a Vif-deleted Feline ...
In the cytoplasm, RT transcribes viral RNA into a proviral DNA copy that is imported into the nucleus and subsequently integrated into the host genome. RNase H activity degrades RNA in a DNA/RNA hybrid moiety, and also generates ...
Audrey Marie Gutierrez, 2008
2
Parasitoid Viruses: Symbionts and Pathogens
Bracoviruses Glyptapanteles flavicoxis (Gf) and G. indiensis (Gi) proviral genome segments (gray) assembled from BAC clone data (Desjardins et al., 2008) and their synteny are shown. For each, the corresponding segment number of the ...
Nancy E. Beckage, Jean-Michel Drezen, 2012
3
Oncogenes
According to this model, integration of proviral DNA in a specific host cell target gene is a mutagenic event that initiates neoplasia. In principle, insertional mutagenesis could occur by either of two mechanisms. First, insertion of proviral DNA ...
Geoffrey M. Cooper, 1995
4
Molecular Biology of RNA Tumor Viruses
In either virus system, no common integration site for proviral DNA is observed among different clones of a particular virus-infected cell line. It appears likely that proviral DNA integrates randomly in the host cengenome although it can not be ...
John Stephenson, 2012
5
Insect Virology
Figure 8.5 Schematic illustrating the distribution of proviral genomic segments from Glyptapanteles flavicoxis bracovirus (GfBV) in the genome of G. flavicoxis. The upper part of the figure shows a cartoon of wasp chromosomes. The lower part ...
Sassan Asgari, Karyn N. Johnson, 2010
6
Neurotropic Viral Infections
Few risk factors for HAM/TSP have been identified in most populations studied with endemic HTLV-1 infection except age, sex, and proviral load [59,72]. A high HTLV-1 proviral load has long been known to be associated with an increased risk ...
Carol Shoshkes Reiss, 2008
7
Neuroimmunology Research Focus
In comparing the HTLV-I proviral load, quatitated by competitive PCR methods, we found the HTLV-I proviral load in the sLexf cell population to be two- to eight- fold higher than in the sLex" cell population in the peripheral blood CD4+ T cells of ...
Paulo V. Broglio, 2007
8
Deterministic and Stochastic Models of AIDS Epidemics and ...
In addition, we must have an estimate of the initial size of the total body populations of short-lived and long-lived infected cell populations, x0 and y0 , which we estimated from proviral DNA measurements obtained at the time treatment was ...
W. Y. Tan, Hulin Wu, 2005
9
Viral Vectors for Gene Therapy: Methods and Protocols
The retroviral transcription unit present in a basic chimeric vaccinia vector (A) is compared to the corresponding proviral vector pLXSN (B). The provirus contains two complete LTRs, whereas in the chimeric vector the 5′-U3 is replaced by a ...
Curtis A. Machida, 2003
10
RNA Viruses—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition
of. Human. T-Lymphotropic. Virus. Fresh data on Human T-Lymphotropic Virus are presented in the report “Monitoring the HTLV-1 proviral load in the peripheral blood of asymptomatic carriers and patients with HTLV-associated ...
‎2012

10 NEWS ITEMS WHICH INCLUDE THE TERM «PROVIRAL»

Find out what the national and international press are talking about and how the term proviral is used in the context of the following news items.
1
InnaVirVax presents positive results of IVVAC-3S/P1 study at …
A reduction was observed in proviral DNA (one of the most widely studied marker of the viral reservoir); this reduction significantly correlated with the immune ... «News-Medical.net, Jul 15»
2
c Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Cancer Genomics Centre …
A kinome-wide small interfering RNA screen identifies proviral and antiviral host factors in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus replication, including ... «Journal of Virology, Jul 15»
3
SIRT1 Suppresses Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Transcription
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-associated diseases are poorly treatable, and HTLV-1 vaccines are not available. High proviral load is one major ... «Journal of Virology, Jul 15»
4
Could a new HIV/AIDS vaccine boost the effects of antiretroviral …
Strikingly, the Tat vaccine also significantly reduced the HIV-1 proviral DNA load, which is the latent form of the virus that accumulates in reservoirs. The results ... «BMC Blogs Network, Apr 15»
5
Dynamic Interaction of Stress Granules, DDX3X, and IKK-α Mediates …
The interaction of DDX3X with HCV core protein seems to be dispensable for its proviral role. In this study, through systematic imaging and biochemical and ... «Journal of Virology, Apr 15»
6
Viral infection CRISPR–Cas9 defence against HIV-1
Similarly, CRISPR–Cas9 transfection into cell lines with integrated virus reduced the levels of proviral DNA. Furthermore, human T cell lines engineered to stably ... «Nature.com, Mar 15»
7
Early antiretroviral treatment reduces, but does not eliminate HIV …
Soon after infection, HIV establishes a reservoir of latent genetic material, known as proviral DNA, in inactive or resting T-cells. While ART can effectively control ... «aidsmap, Mar 15»
8
Betaretrovirus Linked To Liver and Biliary Disease
History repeated itself in as much as others could not find the virus and challenged us to show that a significant amount of patients had evidence of proviral ... «Medical Research News and Interviews on MedicalResearch.com, Feb 15»
9
Journal of Leukocyte Biologywww.jleukbio.org
The goal of this study was to investigate whether cocaine enhances proviral DNA integration as a mechanism to increase viral load. We infected CD4+ T cells ... «Journal of Leukocyte Biology, Feb 15»
10
New anti HIV Drug Dolutegravir is Effective at Low Doses and in the …
"Plasma viral load remained undetectable in my patients, and proviral HIV DNA in cells remained stable with only 50 mg 2 to 3 times a week with a mean ... «MMD Newswire, Jan 15»

REFERENCE
« EDUCALINGO. Proviral [online]. Available <https://educalingo.com/en/dic-en/proviral>. Apr 2024 ».
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