Download the app
educalingo
Search

Meaning of "pyrenoid" in the English dictionary

Dictionary
DICTIONARY
section

ETYMOLOGY OF THE WORD PYRENOID

From pyrene² + -oid.
info
Etymology is the study of the origin of words and their changes in structure and significance.
facebooktwitterpinterestwhatsapp
section

PRONUNCIATION OF PYRENOID

pyrenoid  [ˈpaɪrəˌnɔɪd] play
facebooktwitterpinterestwhatsapp

GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF PYRENOID

noun
adjective
verb
adverb
pronoun
preposition
conjunction
determiner
exclamation
Pyrenoid is a noun.
A noun is a type of word the meaning of which determines reality. Nouns provide the names for all things: people, objects, sensations, feelings, etc.

WHAT DOES PYRENOID MEAN IN ENGLISH?

pyrenoid

Pyrenoid

Pyrenoids are sub-cellular micro-compartments found in chloroplasts of many algae, and in a single group of land plants, the hornworts. Pyrenoids are associated with the operation of a carbon-concentrating mechanism. Their main function is to act as centres of carbon dioxide fixation, by generating and maintaining a CO2 rich environment around the photosynthetic enzyme ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase. Pyrenoids therefore seem to have a role analogous to that of carboxysomes in cyanobacteria. Algae are restricted to aqueous environments, even in terrestrial habitats, and this has implications for their ability to access CO2 for photosynthesis. CO2 diffuses 10,000 times slower in water than in air, and is also slow to equilibrate. The result of this is that water, as a medium, is often easily depleted of CO2 and is slow to gain CO2 from the air. Finally, CO2 equilibrates with bicarbonate when dissolved in water, and does so on a pH-dependent basis. In sea water for example, the pH is such that dissolved inorganic carbon is mainly found in the form of HCO3-.

Definition of pyrenoid in the English dictionary

The definition of pyrenoid in the dictionary is any of various small protein granules that occur in certain algae, mosses, and protozoans and are involved in the synthesis of starch.

WORDS THAT RHYME WITH PYRENOID


ammonoid
ˈæməˌnɔɪd
benzenoid
ˈbɛnzɪˌnɔɪd
bioflavonoid
ˌbaɪəʊˈfleɪvəˌnɔɪd
catenoid
ˈkætəˌnɔɪd
coronoid
ˈkɒrəˌnɔɪd
eicosanoid
aɪˈkəʊsəˌnɔɪd
falconoid
ˈfɔːlkəˌnɔɪd
flavonoid
ˈfleɪvəˌnɔɪd
halogenoid
ˈhælədʒəˌnɔɪd
humanoid
ˈhjuːməˌnɔɪd
melanoid
ˈmɛləˌnɔɪd
paranoid
ˈpærəˌnɔɪd
phlegmonoid
ˈflɛɡməˌnɔɪd
pycnogonoid
pɪkˈnɒɡəˌnɔɪd
pyranoid
ˈpaɪrəˌnɔɪd
quinonoid
ˈkwɪnəˌnɔɪd
salmonoid
ˈsælməˌnɔɪd
serranoid
ˈserəˌnɔɪd
solenoid
ˈsəʊlɪˌnɔɪd
tetanoid
ˈtɛtəˌnɔɪd

WORDS THAT BEGIN LIKE PYRENOID

pyre
pyrene
Pyrenean
Pyrenean mountain dog
Pyrenees
pyreneite
pyrenocarp
pyrenomycetous
pyrethrin
pyrethrin I
pyrethrin II
pyrethroid
pyrethrum
pyretic
pyretology
pyretotherapy
Pyrex
pyrexia
pyrexial
pyrexic

WORDS THAT END LIKE PYRENOID

adenoid
arytaenoid
arytenoid
cannabinoid
crinoid
ctenoid
euglenoid
galenoid
glenoid
hyenoid
isoprenoid
lichenoid
parasphenoid
pyroxenoid
retinoid
sciaenoid
scorpaenoid
sphenoid
subarachnoid
terpenoid

Synonyms and antonyms of pyrenoid in the English dictionary of synonyms

SYNONYMS

Translation of «pyrenoid» into 25 languages

TRANSLATOR
online translator

TRANSLATION OF PYRENOID

Find out the translation of pyrenoid to 25 languages with our English multilingual translator.
The translations of pyrenoid from English to other languages presented in this section have been obtained through automatic statistical translation; where the essential translation unit is the word «pyrenoid» in English.

Translator English - Chinese

蛋白核
1,325 millions of speakers

Translator English - Spanish

pirenoide
570 millions of speakers

English

pyrenoid
510 millions of speakers

Translator English - Hindi

pyrenoid
380 millions of speakers
ar

Translator English - Arabic

بيرينويد
280 millions of speakers

Translator English - Russian

пиреноидом
278 millions of speakers

Translator English - Portuguese

pyrenoid
270 millions of speakers

Translator English - Bengali

pyrenoid
260 millions of speakers

Translator English - French

pyrénoïde
220 millions of speakers

Translator English - Malay

Pyrenoid
190 millions of speakers

Translator English - German

Pyrenoid
180 millions of speakers

Translator English - Japanese

ピレノイド
130 millions of speakers

Translator English - Korean

pyrenoid
85 millions of speakers

Translator English - Javanese

Pyrenoid
85 millions of speakers
vi

Translator English - Vietnamese

pyrenoid
80 millions of speakers

Translator English - Tamil

pyrenoid
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Marathi

पायरेनोड
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Turkish

pyrenoid
70 millions of speakers

Translator English - Italian

pirenoide
65 millions of speakers

Translator English - Polish

pyrenoid
50 millions of speakers

Translator English - Ukrainian

піреноїди
40 millions of speakers

Translator English - Romanian

pyrenoid
30 millions of speakers
el

Translator English - Greek

πυρηνοειδές
15 millions of speakers
af

Translator English - Afrikaans

pyrenoid
14 millions of speakers
sv

Translator English - Swedish

pyrenoid
10 millions of speakers
no

Translator English - Norwegian

pyrenoide
5 millions of speakers

Trends of use of pyrenoid

TRENDS

TENDENCIES OF USE OF THE TERM «PYRENOID»

The term «pyrenoid» is used very little and occupies the 165.476 position in our list of most widely used terms in the English dictionary.
0
100%
FREQUENCY
Rarely used
23
/100
The map shown above gives the frequency of use of the term «pyrenoid» in the different countries.
Principal search tendencies and common uses of pyrenoid
List of principal searches undertaken by users to access our English online dictionary and most widely used expressions with the word «pyrenoid».

FREQUENCY OF USE OF THE TERM «PYRENOID» OVER TIME

The graph expresses the annual evolution of the frequency of use of the word «pyrenoid» during the past 500 years. Its implementation is based on analysing how often the term «pyrenoid» appears in digitalised printed sources in English between the year 1500 and the present day.

Examples of use in the English literature, quotes and news about pyrenoid

EXAMPLES

10 ENGLISH BOOKS RELATING TO «PYRENOID»

Discover the use of pyrenoid in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to pyrenoid and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in English literature.
1
Algal Physiology and Biochemistry
In other groups of algae the pyrenoid is recognizable by the density of its matrix, which consists mainly of closely packed granular or fibrillar protein- aceous material. Cytochemical tests do not establish conclusively either the absence or ...
William Duncan Patterson Stewart, 1974
2
The Biology of Diatoms
But usually only one or two thylakoids of one disc project into the pyrenoid. Border-forming membranes can be present but are not always discernible. Indeed, the pyrenoid border against the chromatophore matrix can form quite elaborate ...
Dietrich Werner, 1977
3
The Structure and Function of Plastids
Robert R. Wise, J. Kenneth Hoober. in the pyrenoid (Borkhsenious et al, 1998). A specific location of Rubisco is also compatible with the view that organisms that have CCMs specifically package Rubisco. Some arctic species of the unicellular  ...
Robert R. Wise, J. Kenneth Hoober, 2007
4
Research in Photosynthesis: Proceedings of the IXth ...
SDS-PAGE profile of the pyrenoid fraction showed that Rubisco LS was detected much more in the pyrenoid fraction than in the supernatant in I0W-CO2 cells grown under either high or low light intensity (Fig. 1). On the contrary, that in the ...
Norio Murata, 1992
5
Photosynthesis in Algae
It has long been known that, in algae whose plastids contain a pyrenoid, there is frequently a spatial relationship between storage poly sac charide and the pyrenoid. This can occur even when the poly- saccharide is in the cytosol and the  ...
S. Douglas, Anthony W. D. Larkum, John A. Raven, 2003
6
The Biology of Desmids
The presence of chlorophyll in pyrenoid starch has been indicated through light microscopy by Wartenberg (1965) in Mesotaenium and interpreted as evidence for the synthesis of chlorophyll in the pyrenoid of this saccoderm desmid.
Alan J. Brook, 1981
7
Ultrastructure of Microalgae
In some species, division is preceded by fission of the pyrenoid and/or eyespot. In other species, the second pyrenoid and/or eyespot are formed de novo.71 A plastid dividing ring does not seem to have been observed in green algae as it has ...
Tamar Berner, 1993
8
The Chlamydomonas Sourcebook: Organellar and Metabolic Processes
In green algae, the pyrenoid is in the vast majority of cases surrounded by starch (reviewed in Chan, 1972). The pyrenoid is constituted mostly if not solely of aggregated Rubisco molecules (Morita et al., 1997; Borkhsenious et al., 1998), and ...
David Stern, 2009
9
Biology of the Red Algae
Although the starch is deposited in the cytoplasm, if the pyrenoid is close to the chloroplast surface, starch grains occur in close proximity to the pyrenoid (Hara & Chihara 1974; Lee 1974). If the pyrenoid is separated from the plastid surface by  ...
Kathleen M. Cole, Robert G. Sheath, 1990
10
The Molecular Biology of Chloroplasts and Mitochondria in ...
Role of Pyrenoid As the location of most, ifnot all, ofthe Rubisco and Rubisco activase in C. reinhardtii (Lacoste-Royal and Gibbs, 1987;Kuchitsuetal., 1988b, 1991; McKay and Gibbs, 1989, 1991; McKay et al., 1991)., the pyrenoid obviously  ...
J.-D. Rochaix, M. Goldschmidt-Clermont, Sabeeha Merchant, 1998

9 NEWS ITEMS WHICH INCLUDE THE TERM «PYRENOID»

Find out what the national and international press are talking about and how the term pyrenoid is used in the context of the following news items.
1
At the Dawn of Life, a Mystery
In the upper left of the image above we can see the heart-shaped pyrenoid, where the products of photosynthesis are stored. The thin black lines around the ... «Discovery Institute, May 15»
2
Photosynthesis in 3D
Small tubular structures connect the thylakoids (green stacks on the left) with the RuBisCO-containing pyrenoid (right). (Image: Ben Engel, MPI of Biochemistry). «Nanowerk, Jan 15»
3
Hacknutí fotosyntézy pro záchranu lidstva
Je nekolik dalsich strategii, jak koncentrovat CO2 v okoli Rubisca (krome C4 systemu treba pyrenoid ras) a az budoucnost ukaze, co bude nejvice schudne. «Osel.cz, Sep 14»
4
광안리 해수욕장 녹조, 무해종으로 밝혀져
담록조강(prasinophyceae)에 속하는 종으로 크기는 0.01∼0.016mm으로 4개의 편모와 피레노이드(pyrenoid)를 가지고 있고 연각(scale)은 없음 현재 광안리 ... «뉴스와이어, Jul 14»
5
Classification Of Living Things
It also have a nucleus an eye spot that responds to light stimulus and chloroplast, which contains chlorophyll and pyrenoid which have stored starch enclosed in ... «Nigerian Observer, Jun 14»
6
Harvesting sunlight to help feed and fuel the world
Combining Algal and Plant Photosynthesis (CAPP) led by Martin Jonikas of Stanford University: Chlamydomonas, a unicellular algae, has a pyrenoid—a ... «Phys.Org, May 14»
7
Künstler variieren Instrumentenklänge neu
... das zeitgenössische Werk "Pyrenoid" von Jürgen Geißelbrecht: Die Flöte klang mal grell, schnarrend und flatternd, mal durch Auflage des Instruments auf den ... «Schwäbische Zeitung, Sep 13»
8
Desmids at High Res, and a Slight Technical Glitch
Though it sounds like something that requires a soothing ointment, a pyrenoid is actually a site where CO2 is "fixed", or grabbed from the environment and ... «Scientific American, Jun 13»
9
NSF Announces New Awards That Will Investigate More Efficient …
Combining Algal and Plant Photosynthesis (CAPP) led by Martin Jonikas of Stanford University: The unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas has a pyrenoid--a ... «National Science Foundation, Mar 11»

REFERENCE
« EDUCALINGO. Pyrenoid [online]. Available <https://educalingo.com/en/dic-en/pyrenoid>. Apr 2024 ».
Download the educalingo app
en
English dictionary
Discover all that is hidden in the words on
index
a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z