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Meaning of "refractory" in the English dictionary

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DICTIONARY
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ETYMOLOGY OF THE WORD REFRACTORY

Variant of obsolete refractary.
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Etymology is the study of the origin of words and their changes in structure and significance.
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PRONUNCIATION OF REFRACTORY

refractory  [rɪˈfræktərɪ] play
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GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF REFRACTORY

noun
adjective
verb
adverb
pronoun
preposition
conjunction
determiner
exclamation
Refractory can act as a noun and an adjective.
A noun is a type of word the meaning of which determines reality. Nouns provide the names for all things: people, objects, sensations, feelings, etc.

The adjective is the word that accompanies the noun to determine or qualify it.

WHAT DOES REFRACTORY MEAN IN ENGLISH?

refractory

Refractory

A refractory material is one that retains its strength at high temperatures. ASTM C71 defines refractories as "non-metallic materials having those chemical and physical properties that make them applicable for structures, or as components of systems, that are exposed to environments above 1,000 °F ". Refractory materials are used in linings for furnaces, kilns, incinerators and reactors. They are also used to make crucibles.

Definition of refractory in the English dictionary

The first definition of refractory in the dictionary is unmanageable or obstinate. Other definition of refractory is not responding to treatment. Refractory is also able to withstand high temperatures without fusion or decomposition.

WORDS THAT RHYME WITH REFRACTORY


benefactory
ˌbɛnɪˈfæktərɪ
calefactory
ˌkælɪˈfæktərɪ
contradictory
ˌkɒntrəˈdɪktərɪ
detractory
dɪˈtræktərɪ
directory
dɪˈrɛktərɪ
dissatisfactory
dɪsˌsætɪsˈfæktərɪ
enactory
ɪnˈæktərɪ
factory
ˈfæktərɪ
introductory
ˌɪntrəˈdʌktərɪ
lactary
ˈlæktərɪ
malefactory
ˈmælɪˈfæktərɪ
manufactory
ˌmænjʊˈfæktərɪ
olfactory
ɒlˈfæktərɪ
phylactery
fɪˈlæktərɪ
rectory
ˈrɛktərɪ
refractary
rɪˈfræktərɪ
satisfactory
ˌsætɪsˈfæktərɪ
trajectory
trəˈdʒɛktərɪ
unsatisfactory
ˌʌnsætɪsˈfæktərɪ
victory
ˈvɪktərɪ

WORDS THAT BEGIN LIKE REFRACTORY

refractary
refractile
refracting
refracting angle
refracting telescope
refraction
refractive
refractive index
refractively
refractiveness
refractivity
refractometer
refractometric
refractometry
refractor
refractories
refractorily
refractoriness
refractory period
refracture

WORDS THAT END LIKE REFRACTORY

bomb factory
canning factory
dairy factory
data directory
engineering factory
ex-directory
fish factory
glass factory
history
moral victory
ordnance factory
perfunctory
Pyrrhic victory
refectory
silk factory
street directory
sugar factory
telephone directory
the Directory
valedictory
web directory

Synonyms and antonyms of refractory in the English dictionary of synonyms

SYNONYMS

SYNONYMS OF «REFRACTORY»

The following words have a similar or identical meaning as «refractory» and belong to the same grammatical category.
synonyms of refractory

Translation of «refractory» into 25 languages

TRANSLATOR
online translator

TRANSLATION OF REFRACTORY

Find out the translation of refractory to 25 languages with our English multilingual translator.
The translations of refractory from English to other languages presented in this section have been obtained through automatic statistical translation; where the essential translation unit is the word «refractory» in English.

Translator English - Chinese

耐火材料
1,325 millions of speakers

Translator English - Spanish

refractaria
570 millions of speakers

English

refractory
510 millions of speakers

Translator English - Hindi

आग रोक
380 millions of speakers
ar

Translator English - Arabic

صهر
280 millions of speakers

Translator English - Russian

огнеупорный
278 millions of speakers

Translator English - Portuguese

refratário
270 millions of speakers

Translator English - Bengali

অবাধ্য
260 millions of speakers

Translator English - French

réfractaire
220 millions of speakers

Translator English - Malay

Refraktori
190 millions of speakers

Translator English - German

feuerfest
180 millions of speakers

Translator English - Japanese

耐火物
130 millions of speakers

Translator English - Korean

내화물
85 millions of speakers

Translator English - Javanese

Refractory
85 millions of speakers
vi

Translator English - Vietnamese

vật liệu chịu lửa
80 millions of speakers

Translator English - Tamil

பயனற்ற
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Marathi

रीफ्रॅक्टिव्ह
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Turkish

ısıya dayanıklı
70 millions of speakers

Translator English - Italian

refrattario
65 millions of speakers

Translator English - Polish

ogniotrwały
50 millions of speakers

Translator English - Ukrainian

вогнетривкий
40 millions of speakers

Translator English - Romanian

refractar
30 millions of speakers
el

Translator English - Greek

πυρίμαχα
15 millions of speakers
af

Translator English - Afrikaans

vuurvaste
14 millions of speakers
sv

Translator English - Swedish

eldfast
10 millions of speakers
no

Translator English - Norwegian

ildfast
5 millions of speakers

Trends of use of refractory

TRENDS

TENDENCIES OF USE OF THE TERM «REFRACTORY»

The term «refractory» is quite widely used and occupies the 26.686 position in our list of most widely used terms in the English dictionary.
0
100%
FREQUENCY
Quite widely used
88
/100
The map shown above gives the frequency of use of the term «refractory» in the different countries.
Principal search tendencies and common uses of refractory
List of principal searches undertaken by users to access our English online dictionary and most widely used expressions with the word «refractory».

FREQUENCY OF USE OF THE TERM «REFRACTORY» OVER TIME

The graph expresses the annual evolution of the frequency of use of the word «refractory» during the past 500 years. Its implementation is based on analysing how often the term «refractory» appears in digitalised printed sources in English between the year 1500 and the present day.

Examples of use in the English literature, quotes and news about refractory

EXAMPLES

10 ENGLISH BOOKS RELATING TO «REFRACTORY»

Discover the use of refractory in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to refractory and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in English literature.
1
Refractory Linings: ThermoMechanical Design and Applications
This work describes the technology necessary to optimize the performance of any refractory lining.
Charles Schacht, 1995
2
Refractory Engineering and Kiln Maintenance in Cement Plants
This book deals with two important areas that directly affect kiln availability for production.
J.P. Saxena, 2003
3
Refractories Handbook
The book surveys a wide range of lining system geometries and material combinations and covers a broad range of tests for the determination of the thermal, mechanical, strength, and resistance properties of refractories.
Charles Schacht, 2004
4
Handbook of Refractory Carbides & Nitrides: Properties, ...
Refractory carbides and nitrides are useful materials with numerous industrial applications and a promising future, in addition to being materials of great interest to the scientific community.
Hugh O. Pierson, 1996
5
Electric Refractory Materials
An exploration of electric refractory materials, this book covers developments of blue light-emitting diodes using GaN-based nitrides for laser and high-temperature and -frequency devices.
Yukinobu Kumashiro, 2000
6
Refractory Migraine: Mechanisms and Management
We're confident you'll often turn to this book for advice about challenges in migraine management.
Elliot A. Schulman, FACP, MD, Morris Levin, MD, Alvin E. Lake, III., PhD, 2010
7
Electronic Structure of Refractory Carbides and Nitrides
Focuses on electronic structure and properties of superhard and strong refractory materials.
V. A. Gubanov, A. L. Ivanovsky, V. P. Zhukov, 2005
8
Fundamentals of Refractory Technology: Proceedings of the ...
The result is this informative volume and a current view of the Fundamentals of Refractory Technology.
James P. Bennett, Jeffrey D. Smith, 2012
9
High-yield Physiology
Refractory Periods (Figure 4-10. Compared with action potentials in neurons or skeletal muscle, the fast-response action potential in cardiac muscle is much longer in duration, which results in a prolonged refractory period. A refractory period ...
Ronald W. Dudek, 2008
10
Refractory Depression
Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Jay D. Amsterdam, 1991

10 NEWS ITEMS WHICH INCLUDE THE TERM «REFRACTORY»

Find out what the national and international press are talking about and how the term refractory is used in the context of the following news items.
1
European Medicines Agency Grants Accelerated Assessment of …
Ixazomib received Breakthrough Therapy status by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for relapsed or refractory AL amyloidosis in 2014. It is also the ... «Business Wire, Jul 15»
2
Takeda Submits New Drug Application for Ixazomib for Patients with …
Ixazomib received Breakthrough Therapy status by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for relapsed or refractory AL amyloidosis in 2014. It is also the ... «Business Wire, Jul 15»
3
Golden Star Gives Update on Bogoso Refractory Operations
However, the ball mill motor at the Bogoso refractory plant failed due to ... and is therefore contemplating an early closure of the refractory operations at Bogoso. «Zacks.com, Jul 15»
4
Update on Bogoso Refractory Business
TORONTO, July 3, 2015 /PRNewswire/ - Golden Star is pursuing a strategy of transforming to a low cost non-refractory gold producer. In line with this strategy, ... «PR Newswire, Jul 15»
5
RedHill Biopharma Initiates Phase I/II Study of ABC294640 for …
The Phase I/II study with ABC294640 for refractory/relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is registered on www.ClinicalTrials.gov, a web-based service by the ... «GlobeNewswire, Jun 15»
6
For Refractory CLL, Venetoclax's Complete Response Rate Is Tops
VIENNA — The combination therapy of the novel anti-BCL-2 drug venetoclax (formerly ABT-199/GDC-0199, AbbVie, Genentech) and rituximab shows ... «Medscape, Jun 15»
7
Amgen Initiates Phase 3 Study Evaluating Once-Weekly Kyprolis …
Results from the Phase 1 and 2 portions of CHAMPION were presented for 104 patients (Phase 1, n=15; Phase 2, n=89) with relapsed or refractory multiple ... «PR Newswire, May 15»
8
Obinutuzumab Doubles PFS in Refractory Indolent Non-Hodgkin …
The study involved rituximab-refractory patients. Data showed that after a median follow-up of just over 20 months, median PFS as assessed by an independent ... «OncLive, May 15»
9
New Agent Active in Refractory Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
A novel agent, TAS-102 (Taiho Oncology), modestly improved survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, but more important, it was active in patients ... «Medscape, May 15»
10
Investigational Medicine Venetoclax Receives Breakthrough …
... treated (relapsed/refractory) patients with the 17p deletion genetic mutation. ... and it occurs in 30-50 percent of patients with relapsed/refractory CLL.3 The ... «PR Newswire, May 15»

REFERENCE
« EDUCALINGO. Refractory [online]. Available <https://educalingo.com/en/dic-en/refractory>. Apr 2024 ».
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