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Meaning of "substantia nigra" in the English dictionary

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DICTIONARY
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ETYMOLOGY OF THE WORD SUBSTANTIA NIGRA

From Latin, literally: dark material.
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Etymology is the study of the origin of words and their changes in structure and significance.
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PRONUNCIATION OF SUBSTANTIA NIGRA

substantia nigra  [səbˈstænʃə ˈnaɪɡrə] play
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GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF SUBSTANTIA NIGRA

noun
adjective
verb
adverb
pronoun
preposition
conjunction
determiner
exclamation
Substantia nigra is a noun.
A noun is a type of word the meaning of which determines reality. Nouns provide the names for all things: people, objects, sensations, feelings, etc.

WHAT DOES SUBSTANTIA NIGRA MEAN IN ENGLISH?

substantia nigra

Substantia nigra

The substantia nigra is a brain structure located in the mesencephalon that plays an important role in reward, addiction, and movement. Substantia nigra is Latin for "black substance", reflecting the fact that parts of the substantia nigra appear darker than neighboring areas due to high levels of neuromelanin in dopaminergic neurons. Parkinson's disease is characterized by the death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Although the substantia nigra appears as a continuous band in brain sections, anatomical studies have found that it actually consists of two parts with very different connections and functions: the pars compacta and pars reticulata. The pars compacta serves mainly as an input to the basal ganglia circuit, supplying the striatum with dopamine. The pars reticulata, on the other hand, serves mainly as an output, conveying signals from the basal ganglia to numerous other brain structures.

Definition of substantia nigra in the English dictionary

The definition of substantia nigra in the dictionary is a layer of grey matter in the brain that produces dopamine and contains pigmented nerve cells, loss of which has been associated with Parkinson's disease.

WORDS THAT RHYME WITH SUBSTANTIA NIGRA


Agra
ˈɑːɡrə
bhangra
ˈbæŋɡrə
cephalagra
ˌsɛfəˈlæɡrə
chaulmoogra
tʃɔːlˈmuːɡrə
chaulmugra
tʃɔːlˈmuːɡrə
chiragra
kaɪˈræɡrə
Gogra
ˈɡɒɡrə
jagra
ˈdʒæɡrə
Niagara
naɪˈæɡrə
pellagra
pəˈleɪɡrə
podagra
pəˈdæɡrə
Tanagra
ˈtænəɡrə
Viagra
vaɪˈæɡrə

WORDS THAT BEGIN LIKE SUBSTANTIA NIGRA

substantia alba
substantia grisea
substantial
substantialise
substantialism
substantialist
substantiality
substantialize
substantially
substantialness
substantiate
substantiation
substantiative
substantiator
substantival
substantivally
substantive
substantive agreements
substantive rank
substantively

WORDS THAT END LIKE SUBSTANTIA NIGRA

agora
Alexandra
ancora
Andorra
Ankara
antara
bra
camera
era
extra
Fra
hora
laura
opera
ora
para
sera
sierra
terra
ultra

Synonyms and antonyms of substantia nigra in the English dictionary of synonyms

SYNONYMS

Translation of «substantia nigra» into 25 languages

TRANSLATOR
online translator

TRANSLATION OF SUBSTANTIA NIGRA

Find out the translation of substantia nigra to 25 languages with our English multilingual translator.
The translations of substantia nigra from English to other languages presented in this section have been obtained through automatic statistical translation; where the essential translation unit is the word «substantia nigra» in English.

Translator English - Chinese

黑质
1,325 millions of speakers

Translator English - Spanish

la sustancia negra
570 millions of speakers

English

substantia nigra
510 millions of speakers

Translator English - Hindi

द्रव्य नाइग्रा
380 millions of speakers
ar

Translator English - Arabic

المادة السوداء
280 millions of speakers

Translator English - Russian

черная субстанция
278 millions of speakers

Translator English - Portuguese

substantia nigra
270 millions of speakers

Translator English - Bengali

সত্যজিৎ নিগরা
260 millions of speakers

Translator English - French

la substantia nigra
220 millions of speakers

Translator English - Malay

Substantia nigra
190 millions of speakers

Translator English - German

Substantia nigra
180 millions of speakers

Translator English - Japanese

黒質
130 millions of speakers

Translator English - Korean

가 substantia nigra에
85 millions of speakers

Translator English - Javanese

Substantia nigra
85 millions of speakers
vi

Translator English - Vietnamese

substantia nigra
80 millions of speakers

Translator English - Tamil

நிஞ்ஜா nigra
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Marathi

प्राबल्य निग्रा
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Turkish

Substantia nigra
70 millions of speakers

Translator English - Italian

substantia nigra
65 millions of speakers

Translator English - Polish

istoty czarnej
50 millions of speakers

Translator English - Ukrainian

чорна субстанція
40 millions of speakers

Translator English - Romanian

substantia nigra
30 millions of speakers
el

Translator English - Greek

substantia nigra
15 millions of speakers
af

Translator English - Afrikaans

substantia nigra
14 millions of speakers
sv

Translator English - Swedish

substantia nigra
10 millions of speakers
no

Translator English - Norwegian

substantia nigra
5 millions of speakers

Trends of use of substantia nigra

TRENDS

TENDENCIES OF USE OF THE TERM «SUBSTANTIA NIGRA»

The term «substantia nigra» is quite widely used and occupies the 50.174 position in our list of most widely used terms in the English dictionary.
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100%
FREQUENCY
Quite widely used
77
/100
The map shown above gives the frequency of use of the term «substantia nigra» in the different countries.
Principal search tendencies and common uses of substantia nigra
List of principal searches undertaken by users to access our English online dictionary and most widely used expressions with the word «substantia nigra».

FREQUENCY OF USE OF THE TERM «SUBSTANTIA NIGRA» OVER TIME

The graph expresses the annual evolution of the frequency of use of the word «substantia nigra» during the past 500 years. Its implementation is based on analysing how often the term «substantia nigra» appears in digitalised printed sources in English between the year 1500 and the present day.

Examples of use in the English literature, quotes and news about substantia nigra

EXAMPLES

10 ENGLISH BOOKS RELATING TO «SUBSTANTIA NIGRA»

Discover the use of substantia nigra in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to substantia nigra and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in English literature.
1
Birth, Life and Death of Dopaminergic Neurons in the ...
Birth, Life and Death of Dopaminergic Neurons in the Substantia Nigra, Journal of Neural Transmission. Supplementa, Vol. 73, DOI 10.1007/978-3-211-92660- 4_1, # Springer-Verlag/wien 2009 Many proteins are required at different stages of ...
Giuseppe di Giovanni, Vincenzo Di Matteo, Ennio Esposito, 2009
2
Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Neuronal Activity During ...
Motor complications associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) range from akinesia to dyskinesia, depending on disease duration and L-DOPA treatment.
Irene Avila, 2009
3
The Mouse Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates
... innominata. dorsal part SlD nsbstantia innominata. ventral part SlV substantia nigra SN substantia nigra, compact part SNC substantia nigra, compact part, dorsal tier SNCD substantia nigra, compacta part, ventral tier SNCV substantia nigra, ...
George Paxinos, Keith B. J. Franklin, 2004
4
The American Psychiatric Publishing Textbook of ...
The substantia nigra contains the majority of DA neurons in the primate brain and is subdivided into two main regions, the substantia nigra pars compacta and the substantia nigra pars reticulata (Figure 4–2) (Arsenault et al. 1988; Felten and ...
Alan F. Schatzberg, Charles B. Nemeroff, 2009
5
Dopamine in the CNS II
This may be due to the fact that GABA B receptors exert their major role in the substantia nigra pars reticulata as pre- rather than postsynaptic receptors (CHAN et al. 1998). Accordingly, GABA B receptors may primarily regulate the firing ...
Gaetano Di Chiara, 2002
6
Oxidative Stress and Neuroprotection
Springer-Verlag 2006 Summary Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. This neuronal degeneration is associated with a strong microglial activation and iron accumulation in the ...
S.H. Parvez, Peter Riederer, 2006
7
Living with Parkinson's Disease
As early as the 1920s, researchers studying the brains of patients with Parkinson's disease described the loss of a group of nerve cells deep within the brain in an area called the substantia nigra. These cells contain a dark pigment called ...
Kathleen E. Biziere, M.D., Ph.D. and Matthias C. Kurth, M.D., Ph.D.
8
Brain Mapping: The Systems
In addition, the substantia nigra receives inputs from another limbic-associated structure, the lateral habenula (Herkenham and Nauta, 1979). The "loops" linking the rostral entopeduncular nucleus and preoptic area, lateral habenula and pars  ...
Arthur W. Toga, John C. Mazziotta, 2000
9
Substantia Nigra
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online.
Lambert M. Surhone, Miriam T. Timpledon, Susan F. Marseken, 2010
10
Integrated Systems of the CNS, Part III: Cerebellum, Basal ...
substantia nigra pars reticulata (Gerfen 1984, 1985; Gerfen et al. 1985). This organization appears common throughout all regions of the striatum, including the ventral striatum and nucleus accumbens. Several lines of experimental evidence ...
A. Bjorklund, T. Hokfelt, L.W. Swanson, 1996

10 NEWS ITEMS WHICH INCLUDE THE TERM «SUBSTANTIA NIGRA»

Find out what the national and international press are talking about and how the term substantia nigra is used in the context of the following news items.
1
Free Water on Diffusion MRI: A Marker of Parkinson's Progression
Researchers from the University of Florida, using diffusion tensor MRI, have found a noninvasive marker of substantia nigra progression in Parkinson disease ... «Medscape, Jul 15»
2
Potential drug lessens neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease …
Patients with Parkinson's have significant degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, up to 70 percent losses at even mid-stages of their ... «Medical Xpress, Jun 15»
3
Drug discovery for Parkinson's disease: Researchers grow neurons …
Parkinson's disease is characterised in particular by the death of dopamine-producing neurons in the Substantia nigra of the midbrain. It is already possible to ... «Medical Xpress, Jun 15»
4
Local Man Says He Worked and Lived with Parkinson's and Sen …
The substantia nigra is a part of the brain that makes dopamine. Dopamine is the main chemical that is missing in the brain of Parkinson's patients.” Isakson has ... «WJBF-TV, Jun 15»
5
How we make emotional decisions
That gatekeeper circuit also appears to include a part of the midbrain called the substantia nigra, which has dopamine-containing cells that play an important ... «Medical Xpress, May 15»
6
UF breakthrough measures Parkinson's progression in the brain
The substantia nigra of a Parkinson's patient has more “free water” – fluid unconstrained by brain tissue, likely because of disease-related degeneration. «University of Florida, May 15»
7
Amarantus Announces Successful Delivery and Distribution of …
The current study demonstrated that: (i) MANF can be delivered to the porcine putamen and substantia nigra, brain areas centrally involved in PD, and (ii) that ... «GlobeNewswire, May 15»
8
Bilirubin levels raised in newly diagnosed Parkinson's disease
“[I]t is speculated that HO upregulation within the substantia nigra might be an adaptive response to increased oxidative stress occurring in PD and is likely to be ... «News-Medical.net, Apr 15»
9
Peripheral inflammatory cells play role in Parkinson's disease
A small area in the midbrain known as the substantia nigra is the control center for all bodily movement. Increasing loss of dopamine-generating neurons in this ... «News-Medical.net, Apr 15»
10
Disentangling the Dopaminergic System
Two distinct dopaminergic populations are shown in the substantia nigra pars compacta. (Credit: Northwestern) Though dopamine neurons influence many ... «Bioscience Technology, Dec 14»

REFERENCE
« EDUCALINGO. Substantia nigra [online]. Available <https://educalingo.com/en/dic-en/substantia-nigra>. Apr 2024 ».
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