Galliformes
Galliformes is an order of heavy-bodied ground-feeding birds that includes turkey, grouse, chicken, New and Old World quail, ptarmigan, partridge, pheasant, junglefowl and the Cracidae. The name derives from "gallus," Latin for "cock" or "rooster". Common names are
gamefowl or
gamebirds,
landfowl,
gallinaceous birds or
galliforms. "Wildfowl" or just "fowl" are also often used for Galliformes, but usually these terms also refer to waterfowl, and occasionally to other commonly hunted birds. This group has about 290 species, one or more of which are found in essentially every part of the world's continents. They are more rare on islands, and in contrast to the closely related waterfowl are essentially absent from oceanic islands—unless introduced there by humans. Several species have been domesticated during their long and extensive relationship with humans. This order contains five families: Phasianidae, Odontophoridae, Numididae, Cracidae, and Megapodiidae.