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Meaning of "penetrance" in the English dictionary

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DICTIONARY
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ETYMOLOGY OF THE WORD PENETRANCE

From penetr(ant) + -ance, on the model of German penetranz.
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Etymology is the study of the origin of words and their changes in structure and significance.
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PRONUNCIATION OF PENETRANCE

penetrance  [ˈpɛnɪtrəns] play
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GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF PENETRANCE

noun
adjective
verb
adverb
pronoun
preposition
conjunction
determiner
exclamation
Penetrance is a noun.
A noun is a type of word the meaning of which determines reality. Nouns provide the names for all things: people, objects, sensations, feelings, etc.

WHAT DOES PENETRANCE MEAN IN ENGLISH?

Penetrance

Penetrance in genetics is the proportion of individuals carrying a particular variant of a gene that also expresses an associated trait. In medical genetics, the penetrance of a disease-causing mutation is the proportion of individuals with the mutation who exhibit clinical symptoms. For example, if a mutation in the gene responsible for a particular autosomal dominant disorder has 95% penetrance, then 95% of those with the mutation will develop the disease, while 5% will not. or The proportion of individuals with a mutation causing a particular disorder who exhibit clinical symptoms of that disorder. A condition, most commonly inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, is said to show complete penetrance if clinical symptoms are present in all individuals who have the disease-causing mutation. A condition which shows complete penetrance is neurofibromatosis type 1 - every person who has a mutation in the gene will show symptoms of the condition. The penetrance is 100%. Some conditions are described as having reduced or incomplete penetrance. This means that clinical symptoms are not always present in individuals who have the disease-causing mutation.

Definition of penetrance in the English dictionary

The definition of penetrance in the dictionary is the percentage frequency with which a gene exhibits its effect.

WORDS THAT RHYME WITH PENETRANCE


appearance
əˈpɪərəns
assurance
əˈʃʊərəns
clearance
ˈklɪərəns
conference
ˈkɒnfərəns
difference
ˈdɪfərəns
endurance
ɪnˈdjʊərəns
entrance
ˈɛntrəns
Florence
ˈflɒrəns
fragrance
ˈfreɪɡrəns
insurance
ɪnˈʃʊərəns
Lawrence
ˈlɒrəns
monstrance
ˈmɒnstrəns
occurrence
əˈkʌrəns
outrance
ˈuːtrəns
preference
ˈprɛfərəns
recalcitrance
rɪˈkælsɪtrəns
reentrance
riːˈɛntrəns
reference
ˈrɛfərəns
remonstrance
rɪˈmɒnstrəns
tolerance
ˈtɒlərəns

WORDS THAT BEGIN LIKE PENETRANCE

peneplanation
peneplane
penes
penetrability
penetrable
penetrableness
penetrably
penetralia
penetralian
penetrancy
penetrant
penetrate
penetrating
penetratingly
penetration
penetrative
penetratively
penetrativeness
penetrator
penetrometer

WORDS THAT END LIKE PENETRANCE

advance
car insurance
customs clearance
deliverance
disappearance
Fort-de-France
France
health insurance
ignorance
industrial insurance
intolerance
liability insurance
life insurance
perseverance
put in an appearance
remembrance
severance
Torrance
trance
travel insurance
zero tolerance

Synonyms and antonyms of penetrance in the English dictionary of synonyms

SYNONYMS

Translation of «penetrance» into 25 languages

TRANSLATOR
online translator

TRANSLATION OF PENETRANCE

Find out the translation of penetrance to 25 languages with our English multilingual translator.
The translations of penetrance from English to other languages presented in this section have been obtained through automatic statistical translation; where the essential translation unit is the word «penetrance» in English.

Translator English - Chinese

外显率
1,325 millions of speakers

Translator English - Spanish

penetrancia
570 millions of speakers

English

penetrance
510 millions of speakers

Translator English - Hindi

अंतर्वेधन
380 millions of speakers
ar

Translator English - Arabic

انتفاذ
280 millions of speakers

Translator English - Russian

пенетрантность
278 millions of speakers

Translator English - Portuguese

penetrância
270 millions of speakers

Translator English - Bengali

penetrance
260 millions of speakers

Translator English - French

pénétrance
220 millions of speakers

Translator English - Malay

Penetrasi
190 millions of speakers

Translator English - German

Penetranz
180 millions of speakers

Translator English - Japanese

浸透度
130 millions of speakers

Translator English - Korean

투과도
85 millions of speakers

Translator English - Javanese

Penetrance
85 millions of speakers
vi

Translator English - Vietnamese

penetrance
80 millions of speakers

Translator English - Tamil

ஊடுருவல்
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Marathi

आत प्रवेश करणे
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Turkish

Penetransı
70 millions of speakers

Translator English - Italian

penetranza
65 millions of speakers

Translator English - Polish

penetracja
50 millions of speakers

Translator English - Ukrainian

пенетрантность
40 millions of speakers

Translator English - Romanian

penetranta
30 millions of speakers
el

Translator English - Greek

διεισδυτικότητα
15 millions of speakers
af

Translator English - Afrikaans

penetrantie
14 millions of speakers
sv

Translator English - Swedish

penetrans
10 millions of speakers
no

Translator English - Norwegian

pene
5 millions of speakers

Trends of use of penetrance

TRENDS

TENDENCIES OF USE OF THE TERM «PENETRANCE»

The term «penetrance» is regularly used and occupies the 69.221 position in our list of most widely used terms in the English dictionary.
0
100%
FREQUENCY
Regularly used
68
/100
The map shown above gives the frequency of use of the term «penetrance» in the different countries.
Principal search tendencies and common uses of penetrance
List of principal searches undertaken by users to access our English online dictionary and most widely used expressions with the word «penetrance».

FREQUENCY OF USE OF THE TERM «PENETRANCE» OVER TIME

The graph expresses the annual evolution of the frequency of use of the word «penetrance» during the past 500 years. Its implementation is based on analysing how often the term «penetrance» appears in digitalised printed sources in English between the year 1500 and the present day.

Examples of use in the English literature, quotes and news about penetrance

EXAMPLES

10 ENGLISH BOOKS RELATING TO «PENETRANCE»

Discover the use of penetrance in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to penetrance and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in English literature.
1
Handbook of Human Genetic Linkage
In this chapter we use the affection status locus type to allow for various penetrance models which are sometimes quite complicated. We review the basics of incomplete penetrance, and learn how to allow for age-dependent penetrance ...
Joseph Douglas Terwilliger, 1994
2
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues
E It: a: L) c c c L) Penetrance and expressivity cause variations in phenotype. The terms penetrance and expressivity define two different aspects of phenotypic variation. Penetrance is the probability that a disease phenotype will be present ...
Michael Cummings, 2013
3
Genetics For Dummies
This potential explains why it can be so difficult to determine how certain conditions are inherited. Epistasis can act along with reduced penetrance to create extremely elusive patterns of inheritance — patterns that often can only be worked out ...
Tara Rodden Robinson, 2011
4
Human Genetics: The Molecular Revolution
Incomplete Penetrance Dominant and recessive alleles in humans are identified by their pattern of inheritance, which is revealed by pedigree analysis, as explained in the introduction to this chapter. When the standard Mendelian rules are ...
Edwin H. McConkey, 1993
5
Analysis of Human Genetic Linkage
7. Penetrance. One of the problems that make linkage analysis complicated (and interesting) is that crossovers take place on the genotypic level while observations occur on the phenotypic level, and phenotypes often do not fully exhibit ...
Jurg Ott, 1999
6
Introduction to Risk Calculation in Genetic Counseling
The calculation of risks for these disorders is generally straightforward, particularly if there is a clear family history and the disorder in question is characterized by complete penetrance, consistent expression, and a reliable means of diagnosis.
Centre for Medical Genetics City Hospital Ian D. Young Professor of Pediatric Genetics, Nottingham, 2006
7
Tumor Suppressor Genes
Table 1 High- and Low-Penetrance Genes Class of gene The different patterns of risk conferred by high- and low-penetrance genes also dictate that different analytical approaches may be used to identify them. Because high- penetrance ...
Wafik S. El-Deiry, 2003
8
The Molecular and Genetic Basis of Neurologic and ...
Myoclonus epilepsy with ragged red fibers (MERRF) and mitochondrial encephalomyopathy/lactic acidosis/stroke (MELAS) are two examples of this systemic phenotype.38 PENETRANCE AND AGE OF ONSET Penetrance refers to the ...
Roger N. Rosenberg, 2008
9
Cellular and Molecular Toxicology
14.3.3.2.8 Summary of High Penetrance Genes While there is substantial suggestive evidence for the existence of high penetrance genes in prostate cancer, only one of these genes (HPC2) has been cloned, and this gene appears unlikely to ...
John P. Vanden Heuvel, G. H. Perdew, William B. Mattes, 2002
10
AP Biology, 2nd Ed. (Book Only)
EXPRESSIVITY, PENETRANCE, AND THE ENVIRONMENT Penetrance Up to now, we have assumed that the phenotype expressed by an organism directly reflects the genotype, but this is not always the case. Penetrance is the frequency  ...
Deborah T. Goldberg, M.S.

10 NEWS ITEMS WHICH INCLUDE THE TERM «PENETRANCE»

Find out what the national and international press are talking about and how the term penetrance is used in the context of the following news items.
1
Exome sequencing identifies recessive CDK5RAP2 variants in …
We also analyzed our data under a dominant mode of inheritance (ie, de novo mutation or incomplete penetrance), but we did not find any ... «Nature.com, Jul 15»
2
Intuitive Surgical Makes the Case for Robotic Surgery
“They concluded “robotic approaches may facilitate safer adoption of minimally invasive approaches in areas where penetrance of ... «Medical Device and Diagnostics Industry, Jul 15»
3
Many Young Colorectal Ca Patients Have Hereditary Syndromes
... or young patients with CRC without a family history of cancer who may harbor a de novo mutation or a syndrome with incomplete penetrance. «MedPage Today, Jul 15»
4
New Compound May Prevent Beta Amyloid, Tau Misfolding
Researchers also concluded that TRV 101 has optimum drug-like properties — exhibiting favorable in vitro ADMET, high-brain penetrance, and ... «Neurology Advisor, Jul 15»
5
New Compound Targets Beta Amyloid and Tau Peptides
Researchers also concluded that TRV 101 has optimum drug-like properties — exhibiting favorable in vitro ADMET, high-brain penetrance, and ... «Psychiatry Advisor, Jul 15»
6
Can whole-exome sequencing data be used for linkage analysis?
Multipoint linkage analysis, under a model with complete penetrance and no phenocopy, can identify regions of the genome where all cases ... «Nature.com, Jul 15»
7
Impact of presymptomatic genetic testing on young adults: a …
Therefore, the choice to undergo a presymptomatic test for disorders with incomplete penetrance and where there are preventive measures ... «Nature.com, Jul 15»
8
Genome-wide gene–gene interaction analysis for next-generation …
We assume baseline penetrance 0.001, where Unfortunately we are unable to provide accessible alternative text for this. If you require ... «Nature.com, Jul 15»
9
Molecular genetics and pathogenesis of cardiomyopathy
Mutations in sporadic cases included de novo mutation cases, but the other sporadic cases were probably due to the low penetrance of ... «Nature.com, Jul 15»
10
Genomics in Clinical Oncology Practice
... lead to a false sense of reassurance since a strong cancer family history may be caused by mutations in multiple lower-penetrance genes. «Clinical Oncology News, Jul 15»

REFERENCE
« EDUCALINGO. Penetrance [online]. Available <https://educalingo.com/en/dic-en/penetrance>. May 2024 ».
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