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Penutian

Meaning of "Penutian" in the English dictionary

DICTIONARY

PRONUNCIATION OF PENUTIAN

pɪˈnjuːtɪən


GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF PENUTIAN

noun
adjective
verb
adverb
pronoun
preposition
conjunction
determiner
exclamation
Penutian is a noun.
A noun is a type of word the meaning of which determines reality. Nouns provide the names for all things: people, objects, sensations, feelings, etc.

WHAT DOES PENUTIAN MEAN IN ENGLISH?

Penutian languages

Penutian is a proposed grouping of language families that includes many Native American languages of western North America, predominantly spoken at one time in Washington, Oregon, and California. The existence of a Penutian stock or phylum has been the subject of debate among specialists. Even the unity of some of its component families has been disputed. Some of the problems in the comparative study of languages within the phylum are the result of their early extinction and minimal documentation. Consensus was reached at a 1994 workshop on Comparative Penutian at the University of Oregon that the families within the proposed phylum's California, Oregon, Plateau, and Chinookan clusters would eventually be shown to be genetically related. Subsequently, Marie-Lucie Tarpent reassessed Tsimshianic, a geographically isolated family in northern British Columbia, and concluded that its affiliation within Penutian is also probable. Some of the more recently proposed subgroupings of Penutian have been convincingly demonstrated. The Miwokan and the Costanoan languages have been grouped into an Utian language family by Catherine Callaghan.

Definition of Penutian in the English dictionary

The definition of Penutian in the dictionary is a family of North American Indian languages of the Pacific coast. Other definition of Penutian is a phylum of languages of North and South America, including Araucanian, Chinook, Mayan, and Sahaptin.

WORDS THAT RHYME WITH PENUTIAN

anti-Christian · arbutean · Barthian · bastion · Beefheartian · Brechtian · countian · Faustian · fustian · Gilbertian · Judaeo-Christian · Kantian · Lovecraftian · Mozartean · Mozartian · nemertean · Procrustean · Proustian · strontian · Tahitian

WORDS THAT BEGIN LIKE PENUTIAN

Penza · Penzance · Penzias · peon · peonage · peonies · peonism · peony · people · people carrier · people mover · people power · people skills · people trafficking · People´s Commissar · people´s democracy · People´s Democratic Republic of Laos

WORDS THAT END LIKE PENUTIAN

Aleutian · Alsatian · Christian · Croatian · Dalmatian · dietitian · Egyptian · Gratian · Haitian · Hetian · Laotian · Lilliputian · Martian · Mauritian · Nova Scotian · Ossetian · Sebastian · Serbo-Croatian · Titian · Venetian

Synonyms and antonyms of Penutian in the English dictionary of synonyms

SYNONYMS

Translation of «Penutian» into 25 languages

TRANSLATOR

TRANSLATION OF PENUTIAN

Find out the translation of Penutian to 25 languages with our English multilingual translator.

The translations of Penutian from English to other languages presented in this section have been obtained through automatic statistical translation; where the essential translation unit is the word «Penutian» in English.
zh

Translator English - Chinese

Penutian
1,325 millions of speakers
es

Translator English - Spanish

Penutian
570 millions of speakers
en

English

Penutian
510 millions of speakers
hi

Translator English - Hindi

Penutian
380 millions of speakers
ar

Translator English - Arabic

Penutian
280 millions of speakers
ru

Translator English - Russian

Penutian
278 millions of speakers
pt

Translator English - Portuguese

Penutian
270 millions of speakers
bn

Translator English - Bengali

Penutian
260 millions of speakers
fr

Translator English - French

Penutian
220 millions of speakers
ms

Translator English - Malay

Penutian
190 millions of speakers
de

Translator English - German

Penutian
180 millions of speakers
ja

Translator English - Japanese

Penutian
130 millions of speakers
ko

Translator English - Korean

Penutian
85 millions of speakers
jv

Translator English - Javanese

Penutian
85 millions of speakers
vi

Translator English - Vietnamese

Penutian
80 millions of speakers
ta

Translator English - Tamil

Penutian
75 millions of speakers
mr

Translator English - Marathi

पेनुतियन
75 millions of speakers
tr

Translator English - Turkish

Penutian
70 millions of speakers
it

Translator English - Italian

Penutian
65 millions of speakers
pl

Translator English - Polish

Penutian
50 millions of speakers
uk

Translator English - Ukrainian

Penutian
40 millions of speakers
ro

Translator English - Romanian

Penutian
30 millions of speakers
el

Translator English - Greek

Penutian
15 millions of speakers
af

Translator English - Afrikaans

Penutian
14 millions of speakers
sv

Translator English - Swedish

Penutian
10 millions of speakers
no

Translator English - Norwegian

Penutian
5 millions of speakers

Trends of use of Penutian

TRENDS

TENDENCIES OF USE OF THE TERM «PENUTIAN»

Principal search tendencies and common uses of Penutian
List of principal searches undertaken by users to access our English online dictionary and most widely used expressions with the word «Penutian».

Examples of use in the English literature, quotes and news about Penutian

EXAMPLES

10 ENGLISH BOOKS RELATING TO «PENUTIAN»

Discover the use of Penutian in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to Penutian and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in English literature.
1
California Indian Languages
3.21 The Penutian Phylum67 The name “Penutian” was created by Dixon and Kroeber (1913) to label the phylum-level relationship that they believed to exist among the Costanoan, Miwok, Maiduan, Yokuts, and Wintuan language families  ...
Victor Golla, 2011
2
Language in the Americas
Hence Yukian must be part of some other group of Penutian or form a substock by itself. At the same time, as noted by William Elmendorff (1968), Yuki and Wappo are more closely related to each other than to any language outside of Yukian.
Joseph Harold Greenberg, 1987
3
The Languages of Native North America
In 1929 Sapir expanded the Penutian proposal still further, adding two more branches: (5) Plateau Penutian (Klamath-Modoc, Cayuse-Molala, Sahaptian) (6) Mexican Penutian (Mixe-Zoque and Huave). Plateau Penutian, which included ...
Marianne Mithun, 2001
4
Handbook of North American Indians: Languages
In the narrow sense, equivalent to California Penutian, the term applies to a grouping proposed early in the twentieth century by Dixon and Kroeber (1912, 1913, 1919) consisting of five contiguous families in central California: Wintuan, ...
William C. Sturtevant, Ives Goddard, 1996
5
California Prehistory: Colonization, Culture, and Complexity
Foster (1996) associates Windmiller with a proto-Utian group and suggests a Penutian homeland in the northwestern Great Basin or on the Colum— bia Plateau, localities displaying similarities in Early/ Middle Holocene (Altithermal) culture.
Terry L. Jones, Kathryn A. Klar, 2007
6
Collected Works of Edward Sapir
As compared with the Algonkin area, that of the Penutian languages of California (Yokuts, Miwok-Costanoan, Maidu, Wintun),2 though large, is quite restricted. Are we justified in assuming from this that the movement of Algonkin peoples3 ...
Edward Sapir, Regna Darnell, 1994
7
American Indian Languages 2
Takelma exhibits many of the phonological and morphosyntactic features that have come to be recognized as characteristically Penutian. As early as 1907, when Kroebefs study of Yokuts appeared (Kroeber 1907), Sapir had begun noting ...
Victor Golla, 1991
8
In Hot Pursuit of Language in Prehistory: Essays in the Four ...
The gulf region (i.e., southeastern United States) is, as noted above, the homeland of Proto-Penutian. Gulf languages are the subtaxon of Penutian presently oc- cupying this region. As such, they should have the greatest degree of diversity ...
John D. Bengtson, 2008
9
The Archaeology of California
These five peoples spoke closely related languages, which linguists have grouped together under the name Penutian. It is believed that the Penutian languages descended from a common ancestral language, Proto-Penutian, which may have ...
Joseph L. Chartkoff, 1984
10
The Languages of Native America: Historical and Comparative ...
Pecos, 418–419 Pelon, 947 Pen, 651 Pentlach,693,704 Penutian,24–25, 27,30, 34, 4344, 49, 409–410, 413–414, 547, 558, 575,626, 634, 639, 650–691, 751, 964, 1011 Penutian, California, see California Penutian Penutian, Coast Oregon,  ...
Campbell, Lyle and Mithun, Marianne, 2014

3 NEWS ITEMS WHICH INCLUDE THE TERM «PENUTIAN»

Find out what the national and international press are talking about and how the term Penutian is used in the context of the following news items.
1
Looking for a Cause? Help a Yakama Elder Save Her Language
Sahaptin is a Plateau Penutian language spoken in south-central Washington and northern Oregon by the Yakama people. There are very few ... «Indian Country Today Media Network, Dec 14»
2
Travelin' in Time: Whites decimated Shasta County's Indians
The Yana and Okwanuchu spoke Hokan, while the Pit River, Hat Creek and Wintu spoke Penutian. Despite the language differences, their lives ... «Record-Searchlight, Jun 12»
3
Plankhouse springs back to life
The term "chinookan" was coined by linguists to refer to a subset of the Penutian family of languages. Using the term "Chinookan Nation" would ... «The Columbian, Apr 12»
REFERENCE
« EDUCALINGO. Penutian [online]. Available <https://educalingo.com/en/dic-en/penutian>. May 2024 ».
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