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Meaning of "pronucleus" in the English dictionary

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DICTIONARY
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PRONUNCIATION OF PRONUCLEUS

pronucleus  [ˌprəʊˈnjuːklɪəs] play
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GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF PRONUCLEUS

noun
adjective
verb
adverb
pronoun
preposition
conjunction
determiner
exclamation
Pronucleus is a noun.
A noun is a type of word the meaning of which determines reality. Nouns provide the names for all things: people, objects, sensations, feelings, etc.

WHAT DOES PRONUCLEUS MEAN IN ENGLISH?

pronucleus

Pronucleus

A pronucleus is the nucleus of a sperm or an egg cell during the process of fertilization, after the sperm enters the ovum, but before they fuse. Sperm and egg cells are haploid, meaning they carry half the number of chromosomes. The male and female pronuclei don't fuse, although their genetic material do. Instead, their membranes dissolve, leaving no barriers between the male and female chromosomes. Their chromosomes can then combine and become part of a single diploid nucleus in the resulting embryo, containing a full set of chromosomes. The appearance of two pronuclei is the first sign of successful fertilization as observed during in vitro fertilisation, and is usually observed 18 hours after insemination or ICSI. The zygote is then termed a two-pronuclear zygote. Two-pronuclear zygotes transitioning through 1PN or 3PN states tend to develop into poorer-quality embryos than ones who remain 2PN throughout development, and may be significant in embryo selection in IVF.

Definition of pronucleus in the English dictionary

The definition of pronucleus in the dictionary is the nucleus of a mature ovum or spermatozoan before fertilization.

WORDS THAT RHYME WITH PRONUCLEUS


alias
ˈeɪlɪəs
Aurelius
ɔːˈriːlɪəs
coleus
ˈkəʊlɪəs
Delius
ˈdiːlɪəs
golias
ˈɡəʊlɪəs
Heraclius
hɛˈræklɪəs
ileus
ˈɪlɪəs
kinetonucleus
kɪˌnɛtəʊˈnjuːklɪəs
Lucilius
luːˈsɪlɪəs
macronucleus
ˌmækrəʊˈnjuːklɪəs
micronucleus
ˌmaɪkrəʊˈnjuːklɪəs
nucleus
ˈnjuːklɪəs
Peleus
ˈpɛlɪəs
pileus
ˈpaɪlɪəs
punctilious
pʌŋkˈtɪlɪəs
Sibelius
sɪˈbeɪlɪəs
soleus
ˈsɒlɪəs
subnucleus
sʌbˈnjuːklɪəs
supercilious
ˌsuːpəˈsɪlɪəs
Vesalius
vɪˈseɪlɪəs

WORDS THAT BEGIN LIKE PRONUCLEUS

pronominalize
pronominally
pronotal
pronotum
pronoun
pronounce
pronounceable
pronounced
pronouncedly
pronouncement
pronouncer
pronouncings
pronto
pronuclear
pronuclearist
pronuclei
pronunciamento
pronunciation
pronunciational
pronuncio

WORDS THAT END LIKE PRONUCLEUS

active galactic nucleus
aculeus
aureus
benzene nucleus
calcaneus
crystal nucleus
Deus
Equuleus
Linnaeus
Morpheus
Odysseus
Orpheus
Peneus
Perseus
Piraeus
Prometheus
Proteus
Reus
Thaddeus
Zeus

Synonyms and antonyms of pronucleus in the English dictionary of synonyms

SYNONYMS

Translation of «pronucleus» into 25 languages

TRANSLATOR
online translator

TRANSLATION OF PRONUCLEUS

Find out the translation of pronucleus to 25 languages with our English multilingual translator.
The translations of pronucleus from English to other languages presented in this section have been obtained through automatic statistical translation; where the essential translation unit is the word «pronucleus» in English.

Translator English - Chinese

原核
1,325 millions of speakers

Translator English - Spanish

pronúcleo
570 millions of speakers

English

pronucleus
510 millions of speakers

Translator English - Hindi

pronucleus
380 millions of speakers
ar

Translator English - Arabic

طليعة النواة
280 millions of speakers

Translator English - Russian

пронуклеус
278 millions of speakers

Translator English - Portuguese

pronúcleo
270 millions of speakers

Translator English - Bengali

pronucleus
260 millions of speakers

Translator English - French

pronucleus
220 millions of speakers

Translator English - Malay

Pronucleus
190 millions of speakers

Translator English - German

Vorkern
180 millions of speakers

Translator English - Japanese

前核
130 millions of speakers

Translator English - Korean

전핵
85 millions of speakers

Translator English - Javanese

Pronucleus
85 millions of speakers
vi

Translator English - Vietnamese

pronucleus
80 millions of speakers

Translator English - Tamil

pronucleus
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Marathi

थ्रूक्लियस
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Turkish

pronükleus
70 millions of speakers

Translator English - Italian

pronucleo
65 millions of speakers

Translator English - Polish

przedjądrze
50 millions of speakers

Translator English - Ukrainian

пронуклеус
40 millions of speakers

Translator English - Romanian

pronucleul
30 millions of speakers
el

Translator English - Greek

προπυρήνος
15 millions of speakers
af

Translator English - Afrikaans

pronucleus
14 millions of speakers
sv

Translator English - Swedish

pronukleus
10 millions of speakers
no

Translator English - Norwegian

pronucleus
5 millions of speakers

Trends of use of pronucleus

TRENDS

TENDENCIES OF USE OF THE TERM «PRONUCLEUS»

The term «pronucleus» is normally little used and occupies the 138.759 position in our list of most widely used terms in the English dictionary.
0
100%
FREQUENCY
Little used
35
/100
The map shown above gives the frequency of use of the term «pronucleus» in the different countries.
Principal search tendencies and common uses of pronucleus
List of principal searches undertaken by users to access our English online dictionary and most widely used expressions with the word «pronucleus».

FREQUENCY OF USE OF THE TERM «PRONUCLEUS» OVER TIME

The graph expresses the annual evolution of the frequency of use of the word «pronucleus» during the past 500 years. Its implementation is based on analysing how often the term «pronucleus» appears in digitalised printed sources in English between the year 1500 and the present day.

Examples of use in the English literature, quotes and news about pronucleus

EXAMPLES

10 ENGLISH BOOKS RELATING TO «PRONUCLEUS»

Discover the use of pronucleus in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to pronucleus and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in English literature.
1
Transgenic Animals
a-subunit receptor (AchR) promoter which, when associated with the LacZ reporter gene and micro- injected into the male pronucleus (1000 to 2000 copies of inserts), displays no detectable activity (Table 53.2) (Bonnerot et al., 1991).
Louis-Marie Houdebine, 1997
2
Elements of Mammalian Fertilization
Further, we did not obtain oocyte activation after microinjection, and thus, we did not observe formation of a second polar body or female pronucleus. When we artificially induced oocyte activation with ethanol and then microinjected sperm, ...
Paul M. Wassarman, 1990
3
Current Topics in Developmental Biology
As calpain II protease degrades the CSF signal and MPF activity disappears, factor 3 (F3) becomes active and decondenses the maternal and paternal chromatin in concert to form a female and male pronucleus, respectively. Factor 3 is a ...
Roger A. Pedersen, Gerald P. Schatten, Gerald Schatten, 1999
4
Bioregulators of Reproduction
The basis for this difference in time to form a male pronucleus may be dependent on (1) the size of the sperm nucleus and/or (2) the concentration or activity of the agents involved in pronuclear development. In sea urchins the difference in size  ...
David Jagiello, 2012
5
Laboratory Production of Cattle Embryos
The sperm- specific protamines are replaced by histone and non-histone proteins during formation of the male pronucleus in preparation for DNA synthesis. In Ireland, an analysis of penetrated WM bovine oocytes at various intervals after in  ...
Ian Gordon, 2003
6
The Centrosome in Cell Replication and Early Development
Immediately after entry, the basal body and the axoneme dissociate and the sperm head undergoes a dramatic metamorphosis to form the male pronucleus ( for review see Fitch et al., 1998). The basal body rapidly associates with the ...
‎2000
7
Preimplantation Stages of Pregnancy
So I think the female pronucleus is attracted towards the male pronucleus by the sperm centrosome during the aster formation (Thibault, C. [I965]. Annls Biol. anim . Biochim. Biophys., 5, in press). Austin: That is curious, because in Arlmcia the ...
CIBA Foundation Symposium, 2009
8
Biology and Pathology of the Oocyte: Its Role in Fertility ...
Similarly, DNA synthesis in human sperm injected into hamster oocytes was delayed until the male pronucleus was fully formed (Terada et al., 2000). However, in this study, it appeared that DNA synthesis could occur in the female pronucleus ...
Alan O. Trounson, Roger G. Gosden, 2003
9
Tetrahymena Thermophila
The migratory (or transfer) pronucleus remains at the junction while the stationary (or resident) pronucleus becomes located more posteriorly. 8. Migration of resident pronucleus The resident pronucleus migrates toward the conjugation ...
Kathleen Collins, 2012
10
Developmental Biology
However, only one sperm pronucleus, nearest to the egg pronucleus fuses with the latter and forms the zygotic nucleus in the animal hemisphere. The sperm pronucleus that fuses with female pronucleus is called principal sperm nucleus, ...
T. Subramoniam, 2003

10 NEWS ITEMS WHICH INCLUDE THE TERM «PRONUCLEUS»

Find out what the national and international press are talking about and how the term pronucleus is used in the context of the following news items.
1
Production of knockout mice by DNA microinjection of various …
These vectors were directly microinjected into the pronucleus of freeze-thawed fertilized oocytes, and surviving oocytes were transferred to ... «BMC Blogs Network, May 15»
2
The Three Parent Baby Phenomenon
As the name suggests, this specific method is based on pronucleus, a cell nucleus with a haploid set of chromosomes (23 chromosomes in ... «Triple Helix Online, Apr 15»
3
Auxogyn raises $34M for IVF test that can tell if an embryo is viable
... period that goes from the Day 1 pronucleus stage to the Day 5 blastocyst stage – are ready to grow. The company's site breaks it down here. «MedCity News, Mar 15»
4
CRISPR gene editing progressing to germ line genetic editing and …
... sperm injection, coinciding with sperm chromatin decondensation during the gamete-to-embryo transition but prior to pronucleus formation. «Next Big Future, Mar 15»
5
Scientists cheer vote to allow three-person embryos
... another woman's fertilized egg cell, previously emptied of its own pronucleus. Related techniques have been developed outside the UK (see ... «The Guardian Nigeria, Feb 15»
6
Could 'DNA editing' lead to designer babies?
... when the sperm cell is fusing with the egg cell, but before the genetic material from the sperm has formed the paternal pronucleus). Therefore ... «NHS Choices, Jan 15»
7
Three Biological Parents for One Baby? It's Possible, and Parliament …
... one from the intended mom and one from the donor, and adding the genetic material (contained in the pronucleus) from the mom's egg to the ... «Bustle, Dec 14»
8
Single-cell Sequencing Makes Strides in the Clinic with Cancer and …
... the technique on the 1st and 2nd polar bodies — by-products of the IVF process from which chromosomal numbers in the female pronucleus can be deduced. «GenomeWeb, Nov 14»
9
Genetic counselors report sex-selection abortion qualms yet do …
The combination of 23 chromosomes present in each pronucleus results in 46 chromosomes in the zygote. Thus the diploid number is restored ... «Live Action News, Oct 14»
10
Peking University Reports First Success in Trial of Single-Cell …
The team previously validated the method on 52 pronucleus cells, 67 polar body 1 cells, and 64 polar body 2 cells from eight healthy volunteers, the results of ... «GenomeWeb, Oct 14»

REFERENCE
« EDUCALINGO. Pronucleus [online]. Available <https://educalingo.com/en/dic-en/pronucleus>. May 2024 ».
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