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Meaning of "proper class" in the English dictionary

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PRONUNCIATION OF PROPER CLASS

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WHAT DOES PROPER CLASS MEAN IN ENGLISH?

Class (set theory)

In set theory and its applications throughout mathematics, a class is a collection of sets that can be unambiguously defined by a property that all its members share. The precise definition of "class" depends on foundational context. In work on Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory, the notion of class is informal, whereas other set theories, such as Von Neumann–Bernays–Gödel set theory, axiomatize the notion of "proper class", e.g., as entities that are not members of another entity. A class that is not a set is called a proper class, and a class that is a set is sometimes called a small class. For instance, the class of all ordinal numbers, and the class of all sets, are proper classes in many formal systems. Outside set theory, the word "class" is sometimes used synonymously with "set". This usage dates from a historical period where classes and sets were not distinguished as they are in modern set-theoretic terminology. Many discussions of "classes" in the 19th century and earlier are really referring to sets, or perhaps to a more ambiguous concept.

WORDS THAT BEGIN LIKE PROPER CLASS

proper
proper fraction
proper motion
proper name
proper noun
proper psalm
proper subset
proper time
properdin
properispomenon
properly
properness
propertied
properties
Propertius
property
property bond
property centre
property company
property developer

WORDS THAT END LIKE PROPER CLASS

business class
class
club class
first class
first-class
form class
glass
high-class
master class
masterclass
middle class
middle-class
second class
second-class
subclass
top-class
upper class
upper-class
working class
working-class
world-class

Synonyms and antonyms of proper class in the English dictionary of synonyms

SYNONYMS

Translation of «proper class» into 25 languages

TRANSLATOR
online translator

TRANSLATION OF PROPER CLASS

Find out the translation of proper class to 25 languages with our English multilingual translator.
The translations of proper class from English to other languages presented in this section have been obtained through automatic statistical translation; where the essential translation unit is the word «proper class» in English.

Translator English - Chinese

适当的类
1,325 millions of speakers

Translator English - Spanish

clase adecuada
570 millions of speakers

English

proper class
510 millions of speakers

Translator English - Hindi

उचित वर्ग
380 millions of speakers
ar

Translator English - Arabic

الدرجة المناسبة
280 millions of speakers

Translator English - Russian

собственный класс
278 millions of speakers

Translator English - Portuguese

classe adequada
270 millions of speakers

Translator English - Bengali

সঠিক ক্লাস
260 millions of speakers

Translator English - French

classe appropriée
220 millions of speakers

Translator English - Malay

Kelas yang betul
190 millions of speakers

Translator English - German

richtigen Klassen
180 millions of speakers

Translator English - Japanese

適切なクラス
130 millions of speakers

Translator English - Korean

적절한 클래스
85 millions of speakers

Translator English - Javanese

Kelas sing tepat
85 millions of speakers
vi

Translator English - Vietnamese

lớp thích hợp
80 millions of speakers

Translator English - Tamil

சரியான வர்க்கம்
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Marathi

योग्य वर्ग
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Turkish

Uygun sınıf
70 millions of speakers

Translator English - Italian

corretta classe
65 millions of speakers

Translator English - Polish

Prawidłowa klasa
50 millions of speakers

Translator English - Ukrainian

власний клас
40 millions of speakers

Translator English - Romanian

clasa corespunzătoare
30 millions of speakers
el

Translator English - Greek

την κατάλληλη κατηγορία
15 millions of speakers
af

Translator English - Afrikaans

behoorlike klas
14 millions of speakers
sv

Translator English - Swedish

ordentlig klass
10 millions of speakers
no

Translator English - Norwegian

riktig klasse
5 millions of speakers

Trends of use of proper class

TRENDS

TENDENCIES OF USE OF THE TERM «PROPER CLASS»

The term «proper class» is normally little used and occupies the 116.864 position in our list of most widely used terms in the English dictionary.
0
100%
FREQUENCY
Little used
46
/100
The map shown above gives the frequency of use of the term «proper class» in the different countries.
Principal search tendencies and common uses of proper class
List of principal searches undertaken by users to access our English online dictionary and most widely used expressions with the word «proper class».

FREQUENCY OF USE OF THE TERM «PROPER CLASS» OVER TIME

The graph expresses the annual evolution of the frequency of use of the word «proper class» during the past 500 years. Its implementation is based on analysing how often the term «proper class» appears in digitalised printed sources in English between the year 1500 and the present day.

Examples of use in the English literature, quotes and news about proper class

EXAMPLES

10 ENGLISH BOOKS RELATING TO «PROPER CLASS»

Discover the use of proper class in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to proper class and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in English literature.
1
Algebra
A class that is not a set is called a proper class. Intuitively the distinction between sets and proper classes is not too clear. Roughly speaking a set is a "small" class and a proper class is exceptionally "large." The axiom of class formation ...
Thomas W. Hungerford, 1974
2
More Precisely: The Math You Need to Do Philosophy
We turn to a more general theory of collections. According to class theory, all collections are classes. Any class is either a set or else a proper class. Every set is a class, but not all classes are sets. Specifically, the proper classes are not sets .
Eric Steinhart, 2009
3
Discovering Modern Set Theory: The basics
... at any moment in set- theoretic time, there is some x E X that has not yet been constructed. Therefore, in particular, if at least one of X, Y is a proper class, then the pair (X, Y) could not have been formed at any moment in set-theoretic history.
Winfried Just, Martin Weese, 1996
4
Foundations of Mathematical Logic
... or the class of all ideas, are members of themselves. Now let R (the Russell class) be the class of all proper classes. If R is a proper class, then, since R is the class of all such classes, R is a member of R, and hence R is not a proper class.
Haskell Brooks Curry, 1963
5
Topics in the Philosophy of Possible Worlds
non-class lacks a singleton in virtue of having proper-class many non-classes as parts. The denial of singletons to all aggregates of individual atoms is of course consistent with unrestricted mereological composition: aggregates of all and any  ...
Daniel Nolan, 2013
6
Class Actions: The Law of 50 States
Class Actions thoroughly takes you through identifying a class action; determining ex parte class certification; conducting pre-certification discovery; selecting a class representative, and more.
Thomas A. Dickerson, 2014
7
Bertrand Russell Memorial Volume
'Class' is the primitive term, and thus every class is either a set or a proper class, but not both. Since a proper class is not an element, it cannot be operated on in the same way as with sets. For example, V, the universal class of all sets, is a ...
Roberts, George W, Roberts George W, 2013
8
Infinity: New Research Frontiers
Assume there is a proper class of Woodin cardinals. Then for all (T,φ) and for all complete Boolean algebras, B, T ⊣ φ if and only if V B “T ⊣ φ.” Theorem 18 ( Soundness). Assume that there is a proper class of Woodin cardinals and that T ⊣ φ.
Michael Heller, W. Hugh Woodin, 2011
9
Set Theory, Arithmetic, and Foundations of Mathematics: ...
Assuming there is a proper class of Woodin cardinals then the set of genericmultiverse truths which are Π2 assertions is of the same Turing complexity as VΩ (i.e., each set is recursive in the other). Further (assuming there is a proper class of ...
Juliette Kennedy, Roman Kossak, 2011
10
A Companion to Philosophical Logic
Proper classes are collections 'too big' to be sets; there is, for example, a proper class of all sets and a proper class of all ordinals. (Proper classes were first explicitly introduced in von Neumann 1925; for a recent discussion, see Maddy 1983.) ...
Dale Jacquette, 2008

10 NEWS ITEMS WHICH INCLUDE THE TERM «PROPER CLASS»

Find out what the national and international press are talking about and how the term proper class is used in the context of the following news items.
1
Will President Buhari Commit the Necessary Class Suicide?
Is President Buhari ready to go beyond personal moral example and commit proper class suicide and lead a ruthless fight against Nigerian ... «AllAfrica.com, Jul 15»
2
Peons turn educators at government aided school
In the absence of qualified teaching staff and proper class, it is the students who suffer most in the melee. With many of them preparing for their ... «Times of India, Jul 15»
3
I just got a cheeky Nando's and rode the banter bus with Apple Pay
I rocked up to the counter like a right ledge, and the banter was proper class because I was the first to try out this Apple Pay malarkey. «The Verge, Jul 15»
4
Court sentences -- July 5
Matthew Birkel, 61, Linwood, driving commercially without the proper class endorsement, $50 fine and $48 court costs. Autumn Hackett, 23 ... «Columbus Telegram, Jul 15»
5
Test your mettle in this latest Team Fortress 2 update
Players that can normally equip the dropped weapon (proper class) can look at the weapon and press the 'action key' to exchange it with what ... «Lazygamer, Jul 15»
6
From toilets to internet, government schools present grim picture …
... also revealed that 2667 schools in the state had no water facilities while as 39 are functioning without buildings and 38 lacked even proper class-rooms. «Kashmir Images, Jun 15»
7
8th Circuit Revives Dismissed TCPA Action
... any injury, in that they did not receive a call that constituted “advertising” or “telemarketing;” and (2) were not proper class representatives. «JD Supra, Jun 15»
8
Motorcycle clocked at 123 km/h on Dunmore Road leads to charges
It was then discovered the driver did not have the proper class of licence to operate the vehicle. The driver, who has not been named, was ... «Medicine Hat News, Jun 15»
9
Christa Prior Named Assistant Swimming Coach At Florida Tech
There she coordinated practices and assessed client's abilities, placing them in the proper class for their level. She also worked under Dr. Jan ... «SpaceCoastDaily.com, Jun 15»
10
Boy born with cerebral palsy fighting fit after surgery in America
He can't do a proper class with being so young, but it fits into his physio plan each week and he's really enjoying it.” Derek's family had been ... «Sunderland Echo, Jun 15»

REFERENCE
« EDUCALINGO. Proper class [online]. Available <https://educalingo.com/en/dic-en/proper-class>. May 2024 ».
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