Treblinka extermination camp
Treblinka was an extermination camp[a] built by Nazi Germany in occupied Poland during World War II.[2] It was located near the village of Treblinka in the modern-day Masovian Voivodeship north-east of Warsaw. The camp operated officially between 23 July 1942 and 19 October 1943 as part of Operation Reinhard, the most deadly phase of the Final Solution.[3] During this time, it is estimated that somewhere between 800,000[5][6][7] and 1,200,000 people[8][9] died in its gas chambers, almost all of whom were Jews, though about 2,000 were Romani.[10] Managed by the German
SS and the Eastern European
Trawnikis, the camp consisted of two separate units: Treblinka I and the Treblinka II extermination camp. The first was a forced-labour camp whose prisoners worked in the gravel pit or irrigation area and in the forest, where they cut wood to fuel the crematoria. Between 1941 and 1944, more than half of its 20,000 inmates died from summary executions, hunger, disease and mistreatment.[12][13] The second camp, Treblinka II, was designed purely for extermination.