Bradley effect
The Bradley effect is a phenomenon in which colorist candidates with high approval ratings in the US election polls get a lower percentage of votes than those in the actual elections. It is known that whites, who said they supported the candidates of color, such as blacks, in the polls, are caused by shooting other candidates at the time of vote. In 1982, Democratic candidate Thomas Bradley, a California Democrat candidate, outpaced White Republican candidate George Duke Migian in polls and exit polls, but Bradley was defeated in the actual election results. Scholars analyzed that some white people falsified their support for black candidates in various surveys before the vote to hide racial prejudice. Many white voters say that they have not yet decided on the candidates before the actual vote, or that they support unclear candidates, but the fact is that there is a white candidate in the actual polls.