Ottawa Convention
The Ottawa Convention or the Anti-Personnel Mine Convention is an international treaty that prohibits anti-personnel mines. The official name is the Convention on the Use, Stockpile, Production, Transfer, and Disposal of Anti-Personnel Mines. It was drafted in Oslo, Norway on September 18, 1997 and was signed in Ottawa, Canada on December 3, 1997. On March 1, 1999, 40 nations ratified the treaty. The Convention was signed by 133 countries as of January 2013 and ratified by 161 countries. However, 36 countries, including the United States, Russia, the People's Republic of China, India, Pakistan, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Israel, the Republic of Korea and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, have not signed or ratified the Convention.