Charge-coupled device
A CCD is an abbreviation of a charge coupled device, and is a sensor that converts light into electric charge to obtain an image. Also known as a charge coupled device, it was co-developed by George E. Smith and Willard Boyle in 1969. A CCD is composed of a circuit in which several capacitors are interconnected in pairs, and each capacitor in the circuit carries charge all over the accumulators around it. CCDs are used as key components in devices such as digital still cameras, optical scanners, and digital video cameras. A CCD chip is a chip in which many photodiodes are gathered. When light is shined on each photodiode, electrons are generated according to the amount of light, that is, the amount of photons, and the amount of electrons of the photodiode means the brightness of light, respectively, so that the image information is reconstructed by reconstructing this information. Various methods are used to transfer the amount of generated electrons to each photodiode, such as Interline Transfer, Frame Transfer, Frame-Interline Transfer, and Full Frame.