अंग्रेज़ी में NEGATIVE INCOME TAX का क्या अर्थ होता है?
नकारात्मक आयकर
अर्थशास्त्र में, एक नकारात्मक आयकर एक प्रगतिशील आयकर प्रणाली है जहां लोगों को सरकार से करों का भुगतान करने के बजाय सरकार से अनुपूरक वेतन प्राप्त करने के लिए एक निश्चित राशि से कम कमाई होती है। इस तरह की प्रणाली पर अर्थशास्त्रियों ने चर्चा की है लेकिन पूरी तरह से कभी भी कार्यान्वित नहीं किया गया है। यह 1 9 40 के दशक में ब्रिटिश राजनीतिज्ञ जूलियट रईज़-विलियम्स द्वारा विकसित किया गया था और बाद में संयुक्त राज्य अमरीका के अर्थशास्त्री मिल्टन फ्रेडमैन ने इसे विकसित किया था। नकारात्मक आय कर एक मूल आय को लागू कर सकते हैं या गारंटीकृत न्यूनतम आय प्रणाली के पूरक कर सकते हैं। एक नकारात्मक आयकर प्रणाली में, कोई निश्चित आय स्तर कमाने वाले लोगों को कर नहीं होता है; जो कि अधिक कमाते हैं, वे उस स्तर से ऊपर अपनी आय का अनुपात अदा करेंगे; और उस स्तर के नीचे उनकी कमी के अनुपात का भुगतान होगा, जो कि उनकी आय उस स्तर से नीचे आती है।
अंग्रेज़ीशब्दकोश में negative income tax की परिभाषा
शब्दकोश में नकारात्मक आय कर की परिभाषा धन आयकर पर भत्ता के रूप में श्रेय दिया जाता है, और डेबिट कर से अधिक होने पर लाभ के रूप में भुगतान किया जाता है।
अंग्रेज़ी किताबें जो «NEGATIVE INCOME TAX» से संबंधित हैं
निम्नलिखित ग्रंथसूची चयनों में
negative income tax का उपयोग पता करें।
negative income tax aसे संबंधित किताबें और अंग्रेज़ी साहित्य में उसके उपयोग का संदर्भ प्रदान करने वाले उनके संक्षिप्त सार।.
1
Principles of Economics
As we discussed in Chapter 12, equity across income groups is an important
criterion in the design of a tax system. Many economists have advocated
supplementing the income of the poor using a negative income tax. According to
this policy, ...
The break-even level of income is determined by the income floor and the tax
rate: Break-even income level income floor negative income tax rate If the
guaranteed income floor is $13,000 and the tax rate is 50 percent, then the break
-even ...
William Boyes, Michael Melvin,
2007
3
微观经济学原理(第2版)(清华经济学系列英文版教材):
The negative income tax would do much less than current programs to weaken
work incentives because, unlike current programs, it would ensure that someone
who earned an extra dollar would keep at least a portion of it. And because the ...
Robert H. Frank, Ben Bernanke,
2003
4
Unemployment Benefits Versus Conditional
Negative Income ...
Under diminishing returns, it is clear that the additional employment created
through the negative income tax scheme will drive the real wage down, thereby
making the newly employed workers better off and the incumbents worse off. It
can ...
Mr. Dennis J. Snower,
1995
5
Personal
Income Tax Reform: Concepts, Issues, and ...
C. Negative Income Tax If the subsistence justification for granting a general (
basic) allowance noted earlier is accepted, then it would seem logical to argue
that an individual whose pretax income is below some minimum level should
obtain a ...
However, a comprehensive negative income tax could be used to replace the
entire categorical welfare system. basic features. The negative income tax would
involve the same computations of taxable income as does the positive income tax
.
7
Tax Progressivity and
Income Inequality
... when in fact they may pay state income taxes. 21 The treatment of observations
with negative income-tax liabilities does not make any real difference. The Suits
index computed when I set the negative values to zero is unchanged. Table 10.
8
Economics of the Welfare State
Negative income tax thus increases tax rates at some or all levels ofincome: it
institutionalizes the poverty trap and/ or leads to higher tax rates on incomes
above the poverty line. Given the shape of the income distribution in virtually all ...
9
Breaking the Poverty Cycle
NEGATIVE INCOME TAX Like a children's allowance, the more generous the
negative income tax, the more money would go to the nonpoor — but the amount
would not be nearly as great. Probably the most controversial subject
surrounding ...
690 Spicker, Paul (2011) How social security works:An introduction to benefits in
Britain, Bristol: Policy Press, p 122 691 Harvey,Philip (2006) 'The relative costs of
a universal Basic Income and a Negative Income Tax', Basic Income Studies ...
«NEGATIVE INCOME TAX» पद को शामिल करने वाली समाचार सामग्रियां
इसका पता लगाएं कि राष्ट्रीय और अंतर्राष्ट्रीय प्रेस ने निम्नलिखित समाचार सामग्रियों के बारे में क्या चर्चा की है और इस संदर्भ में
negative income tax पद का कैसे उपयोग किया है।
The idea of a minimum income is complex, but intriguing
The most popular proposal is a negative income tax system, which essentially tops up one's annual income if it fails to reach a certain amount. «Planet S, जुलाई 15»
The Great Unbinding Part 3.3
Milton Friedman advocated using overt Treasury/central bank-issued money to fund a negative income tax, to provide a basic minimum income ... «OpEdNews, जुलाई 15»
The 7 Best Answers From Hillary Clinton's Facebook Q&A That …
“Would you support a negative income tax?” on questioner asked. “What about flexible benefits, like workers compensation or unemployment ... «Bustle, जुलाई 15»
Does Cincinnati need $15/hr. minimum wage?
“The negative income tax is one solution,” Brock said, explaining that the tax is a progressive income tax system where people earning below a ... «Cincinnati.com, जुलाई 15»
How to Improve the Earned Income Tax Credit
Friedman's version was called the Negative Income Tax (NIT), which guaranteed income for everyone, whether they had earned income or not. «Economics21, जुलाई 15»
Should we pay a minimum wage or a living income?
In 1962, Friedman proposed a “negative income tax”, whereby people earning below a certain threshold would receive supplemental income ... «The Guardian, जुलाई 15»
Too many negatives on negative income tax
Sometimes called a negative income tax, the idea was proposed by U.S. economist Milton Friedman. When your income is above the minimum, ... «Troy Media, जुलाई 15»
It's Time To Talk About The 'Gig Economy'
That said, that policy suggestion, along with proposals for negative income tax or flexible benefits, like workers' compensation and ... «Huffington Post, जुलाई 15»
The Living Wage Will be an Economic Disaster for Britain
Ideas like the negative income tax, or increasing income tax thresholds to top up household incomes, address poverty but primarily focus on ... «Huffington Post UK, जुलाई 15»
Guaranteed annual income in Alberta a longshot
A Guaranteed Annual Income – also referred to as a “negative income tax” – is a cash-transfer to individuals or families that ensures a minimum ... «Troy Media, जुलाई 15»