अंग्रेज़ी में RESTRICTIVE PRACTICE का क्या अर्थ होता है?
विरोधी प्रतिस्पर्धी प्रथाओं
प्रतिस्पर्धात्मक प्रतिस्पर्धाएं व्यापार, सरकार या धार्मिक प्रथाएं हैं जो किसी बाजार में प्रतियोगिता को रोकने या कम करने में होती हैं। इसमें शामिल हो सकते हैं: ▪ डंपिंग, जहां एक कंपनी एक प्रतिस्पर्धी बाजार में हानि पर उत्पाद बेचती है। हालांकि कंपनी प्रत्येक बिक्री के लिए पैसे खो देती है, कंपनी को अन्य प्रतियोगियों को बाजार से बाहर करने की उम्मीद है, जिसके बाद कंपनी अधिक लाभ के लिए कीमतें बढ़ाने के लिए स्वतंत्र होगी। ▪ अनन्य व्यवहार, जहां एक खुदरा विक्रेता या थोक व्यापारी को केवल अनुबंधित सप्लायर से खरीद करने के लिए अनुबंध द्वारा बाध्य है। ▪ मूल्य निर्धारण, जहां कंपनियां कीमतों को निर्धारित करने के लिए मज़बूत करती हैं, नि: शुल्क बाज़ार को प्रभावी ढंग से खत्म करती हैं ▪ सौदा करने से इनकार करते हैं, उदाहरण के लिए, दो कंपनियां किसी विशिष्ट विक्रेता का उपयोग करने के लिए सहमत नहीं हैं ▪ प्रदेशों को विभाजित करके, दो कंपनियों द्वारा एक दूसरे के रास्ते से बाहर रहने और सहमति-रहित क्षेत्रों में प्रतियोगिता कम करने के लिए एक समझौता। ▪ सीमा मूल्य निर्धारण, जहां एक स्तर पर एक एकाधिकार द्वारा निर्धारित किया जाता है, जिसका उद्देश्य बाजार में प्रवेश को हतोत्साहित करना है। ▪ टयिंग, जहां उत्पाद स्वाभाविक रूप से संबंधित नहीं हैं, उन्हें एक साथ खरीदा जाना चाहिए। पुनर्विक्रय मूल्य रखरखाव, जहां पुनर्विक्रेताओं को कीमतें स्वतंत्र रूप से सेट करने की अनुमति नहीं है
अंग्रेज़ीशब्दकोश में restrictive practice की परिभाषा
शब्दकोश में प्रतिबंधात्मक अभ्यास की परिभाषा सार्वजनिक हित के खिलाफ एक व्यापार समझौता है। प्रतिबंधात्मक अभ्यास की अन्य परिभाषा एक संघ या अन्य समूह की प्रथा है जो अन्य श्रमिकों या नियोक्ताओं की आजादी को सीमित करने के लिए तैनात है।
अंग्रेज़ी किताबें जो «RESTRICTIVE PRACTICE» से संबंधित हैं
निम्नलिखित ग्रंथसूची चयनों में
restrictive practice का उपयोग पता करें।
restrictive practice aसे संबंधित किताबें और अंग्रेज़ी साहित्य में उसके उपयोग का संदर्भ प्रदान करने वाले उनके संक्षिप्त सार।.
1
Monopoly and
Restrictive Practices
Most of these types of restrictive practice obviously depended on formal
agreements among several firms, but others could be introduced by a monopolist
on his own. The latter included various types of discrimination, e.g. price
discrimination ...
2
Restrictive Trade Practices and Public Interest
... resulting in maintaining prices at unreasonable level. In this regard as far back
in 1965, the Report of the Monopolies Inquiry Commission clearly pointed out
that 'every monopolistic practice is on the face of it a restrictive practice. Indeed ...
3.1.7 Restrictive practice legislation policies The other policy to promote
competition is to limit restrictive practices between firms and their distributors or
suppliers which may take such forms as tying, exclusive dealing, description
1quantity ...
4
Restrictive Labor Practices in Seaports
Usually cost is affected by the restrictive practice as a derived variable, for
example when twelve men have to be allocated to a task that technically requires
only ten. However there are other practices where cost enters directly, for
instance in ...
5
Vertical Agreements in EU Competition Law
(4) Relationship between EU and national competition law Convergence rule
When a national authority investigates a restrictive practice within the meaning of
Article 101(1) TFEU which may affect trade between the Member States, and
must ...
Frank Wijckmans, Filip Tuytschaever,
2011
6
Industrial Sector Reforms in Globalization Era
... with the Registrar of Agreements, authorized by the Director-General of
Investigation and Registration, so that he can get them evaluated by the MRTP
Commission as to whether the restrictive practice is or is not against the public
interest.
7
The Political Economy of Israel: From Ideology to Stagnation
The administrative machinery that facilitated discretion consisted of a controller of
restrictive trade practices and the Restrictive Trade Practices Board. The
controller had to keep a Register of Cartels. Any party to a restrictive practice had
to ...
8
Industrial Organization: Competition, Growth and Structural ...
This form of restrictive practice is on the boundary of policy, since it is clearly
more difficult to prove that collusion has taken place without an actual agreement,
and also such parallel behaviour is likely to become more common where more ...
Kenneth George, Caroline Joll, E L Lynk,
2005
9
Multinational Enterprises and the Global Economy
... may not be regarded as a restrictive practice per se. Nevertheless, by a variety
of means, host governments may be able to discourage MNEs from imposing
unwelcome constraints of the first kind on their affiliates. Foremost among these
is ...
John H. Dunning, Sarianna M. Lundan,
2008
10
CIMA Official Learning System Fundamentals of Business Economics
Originally, there were eight defences (nicknamed 'gateways') which could be
legitimately used to justify the restrictive practice. In addition, the benefits to the
consumer needed to outweigh the costs of the practice. Gradually, investigations
...
Steve Adams, Paul Periton,
2009
«RESTRICTIVE PRACTICE» पद को शामिल करने वाली समाचार सामग्रियां
इसका पता लगाएं कि राष्ट्रीय और अंतर्राष्ट्रीय प्रेस ने निम्नलिखित समाचार सामग्रियों के बारे में क्या चर्चा की है और इस संदर्भ में
restrictive practice पद का कैसे उपयोग किया है।
Restrictive policies for blood transfusions could produce significant …
If restrictive practice is proven to be safe in a large study, it could potentially safely reduce the use of red blood cell transfusions and produce cost savings for the ... «News-Medical.net, जुलाई 15»
CCI directs DG to probe alleged restrictive practices of Ola Cabs
The Competition Commission of India (CCI) has directed the Director General (DG) of CCI to conduct an investigation into the business practices of Ola Cabs for ... «Business Standard, मई 15»
Graeme Innes says 'appalling' cage practice not one-off, calls for …
Graeme Innes says 'appalling' cage practice not one-off, calls for inquiry on ... people with disability which would include both schools and restrictive practices. «Sydney Morning Herald, अप्रैल 15»
Obama "concerned" over China's restrictive practices
U.S. President Obama tells Reuters that China has laws working through the system that would force U.S. tech companies to ''turn over to the Chinese ... «Reuters, मार्च 15»
Obama 'concerned' over China's 'restrictive practices'
March 2, 2015 5:55 PM EST - President Obama says China has laws working their way through the system that would force U.S. tech companies to "turn over to ... «Washington Post, मार्च 15»
HIQA reveals practice of physically restraining clients at Meath care …
The high level of restrictive practice and restraint used included locked doors - both internally and doors that exited the centre - and residents being confined to ... «Irish Examiner, दिसंबर 14»
Nurse Practitioner Practice: Full Scope, Better Outcomes
Yet there are different levels of NP practice in this country as a result of the differences in state licensing laws. Some states have restrictive practices, whereas ... «Medscape, अक्टूबर 14»
Reducing the use of restrictive treatments
This guidance provides the opportunity for this group to sharpen the focus and practice in order to reduce the use of a range of restrictive practices. «The British Psychological Society, अप्रैल 14»
Taiwan FTC fines Apple for restrictive practices
Taiwan FTC fines Apple for restrictive practices Apple Asia has been fined by the FTC for contract violations that hurt carriers and stifle competition. (CNA). «Taiwan Today, दिसंबर 13»
Accountancy suffers from 'restrictive practices' in Europe
He added: "Many of the restrictive practices which remain apply particularly to important economic sectors, such as construction or accountancy." The Tory ... «Accountancy Age, जनवरी 11»