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Maksud "patulin" dalam kamus Corsica

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KAMUS
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SEBUTAN PATULIN DALAM CORSICA

patulin  [ˈpætjʊˌlɪn] play
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KATEGORI TATABAHASA PATULIN

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APAKAH MAKSUD PATULIN dalam CORSICA?

Klik untuk melihat definisi asal «patulin» dalam kamus Corsica.
Klik untuk melihat terjemahan automatik definisi dalam Melayu.

Patulin

Patulin

Patulin adalah mikotoksin yang dihasilkan oleh pelbagai acuan, khususnya, Aspergillus dan Penicillium dan Byssochlamys. Yang paling biasa ditemui dalam epal membusuk, secara amnya jumlah patulin dalam produk epal dilihat sebagai ukuran kualiti epal yang digunakan dalam pengeluaran. Di samping itu, patulin juga terdapat dalam makanan lain seperti bijirin, buah-buahan, dan sayur-sayuran. Walaupun tidak dianggap sebagai toksin terutamanya kuat, beberapa kajian telah menunjukkan patulin menjadi genotoksik, yang telah menyebabkan beberapa orang menilai bahawa ia mungkin karsinogen, walaupun kajian haiwan masih tidak dapat disimpulkan. Patulin telah menunjukkan sifat antimikrobial terhadap beberapa mikroorganisma. Beberapa negara telah memulakan larangan patulin dalam produk epal. Pertubuhan Kesihatan Sedunia mengesyorkan kepekatan maksimum 50 μg / L dalam jus epal. Di Kesatuan Eropah, had ditetapkan kepada 50 mikrogram per kilogram dalam jus dan cider epal, dan separuh daripada kepekatan itu, 25 μg / kg, dalam produk epal pepejal dan produk 10 μg / kg untuk bayi dan kanak-kanak. Had ini berkuatkuasa pada 1 November 2003. Patulin is a mycotoxin produced by a variety of molds, in particular, Aspergillus and Penicillium and Byssochlamys. Most commonly found in rotting apples, in general the amount of patulin in apple products is viewed as a measure of the quality of the apples used in production. In addition, patulin has been found in other foods such as grains, fruits, and vegetables. While not considered a particularly potent toxin, a number of studies have shown patulin to be genotoxic, which has led to some to theorize that it may be a carcinogen, although animal studies have remained inconclusive. Patulin has shown antimicrobial properties against some microorganisms. Several countries have instituted patulin restrictions in apple products. The World Health Organization recommends a maximum concentration of 50 µg/L in apple juice. In the European Union, the limit is set to 50 micrograms per kilogram in both apple juice and cider, and to half of that concentration, 25 µg/kg, in solid apple products and 10 µg/kg in products for infants and young children. These limits came into force on 1 November 2003.

Definisi patulin dalam kamus Corsica

Takrif patulin dalam kamus adalah antibiotik toksik dengan sifat karsinogenik, dihasilkan oleh beberapa acuan.

The definition of patulin in the dictionary is a toxic antibiotic with carcinogenic properties, produced by some moulds.

Klik untuk melihat definisi asal «patulin» dalam kamus Corsica.
Klik untuk melihat terjemahan automatik definisi dalam Melayu.

CORSICA PERKATAAN YANG BERIMA DENGAN PATULIN


berlin
bəˈlɪn
Brooklyn
ˈbrʊklɪn
colin
ˌkɒlɪn
discipline
ˈdɪsɪplɪn
Dublin
ˈdʌblɪn
Evelyn
ˈiːvlɪn
franklin
ˈfræŋklɪn
Helen
ˈhɛlɪn
lin
lɪn
linn
lɪn
Lynn
lɪn
madeleine
ˈmædəlɪn
merlin
ˈmɜːlɪn
parvolin
ˈpɑːvəˌlɪn
porcelain
ˈpɔːslɪn
resilin
ˈrɛzəˌlɪn
santalin
ˈsæntəˌlɪn
sassolin
ˈsæsəˌlɪn
Tallinn
ˈtælɪn
trampolin
ˈtræmpəˌlɪn

CORSICA PERKATAAN YANG BERMULA SEPERTI PATULIN

patterned
patterning
patternless
Patti
patties
patting
Patton
patty
patty pan
patty shell
pattypan
pattypan squash
patu
patulent
patulous
patulously
patulousness
patutuki
paty
patzer

CORSICA PERKATAAN YANG BERAKHIR SEPERTI PATULIN

antiglobulin
botulin
calmodulin
gamma globulin
globulin
immunoglobulin
insulin
inulin
lactoglobulin
levulin
lupulin
macroglobulin
moulin
paulin
proinsulin
serum globulin
tarpaulin
thyroglobulin
tuberculin
tubulin

Sinonim dan antonim patulin dalam kamus sinonim Corsica

SINONIM

Terjemahan «patulin» ke dalam 25 bahasa

PENTERJEMAH
online translator

TERJEMAHAN PATULIN

Cari terjemahan patulin kepada 25 bahasa dengan penterjemah Corsica pelbagai bahasa kami.
Terjemahan patulin dari Corsica ke bahasa lain yang dibentangkan dalam bahagian ini telah diperolehi menerusi terjemahan statistik automatik; di mana unit terjemahan penting adalah perkataan «patulin» dalam Corsica.

Penterjemah Corsica - Cina

感冒药
1,325 juta pentutur

Penterjemah Corsica - Czech

patulina
570 juta pentutur

Corsica

patulin
510 juta pentutur

Penterjemah Corsica - Hindi

patulin
380 juta pentutur
ar

Penterjemah Corsica - Amhara

الباتيولين
280 juta pentutur

Penterjemah Corsica - Rusia

патулин
278 juta pentutur

Penterjemah Corsica - Punjabi

patulina
270 juta pentutur

Penterjemah Corsica - Basque

patulin
260 juta pentutur

Penterjemah Corsica - Frisia

patuline
220 juta pentutur

Penterjemah Corsica - Melayu

Patulin
190 juta pentutur

Penterjemah Corsica - Chichewa

Patulin
180 juta pentutur

Penterjemah Corsica - Jepun

パツリン
130 juta pentutur

Penterjemah Corsica - Kreol Haiti

파 툴린
85 juta pentutur

Penterjemah Corsica - Jerman

Patulin
85 juta pentutur
vi

Penterjemah Corsica - Vietnam

patulin
80 juta pentutur

Penterjemah Corsica - Tagalog

patulin
75 juta pentutur

Penterjemah Corsica - Marathi

पॅटुलिन
75 juta pentutur

Penterjemah Corsica - Turki

patulin
70 juta pentutur

Penterjemah Corsica - Itali

patulina
65 juta pentutur

Penterjemah Corsica - Poland

Patulina
50 juta pentutur

Penterjemah Corsica - Ukraine

патулін
40 juta pentutur

Penterjemah Corsica - Romania

patulina
30 juta pentutur
el

Penterjemah Corsica - Cina

πατουλίνη
15 juta pentutur
af

Penterjemah Corsica - Afrikaans

patuline
14 juta pentutur
sv

Penterjemah Corsica - Swahili

patulin
10 juta pentutur
no

Penterjemah Corsica - Parsi

patulin
5 juta pentutur

Aliran kegunaan patulin

ALIRAN

KECENDERUNGAN PENGGUNAAN TERMA «PATULIN»

0
100%
KEKERAPAN
Kurang digunakan
41
/100
Peta yang ditunjukkan di atas memberikan kekerapan penggunaan terma «patulin» dalam negara berbeza.
Kecenderungan carian utama dan penggunaan umum patulin
Senarai carian utama yang dibuat oleh pengguna untuk mengakses kamus Corsica dalam talian kami dan ungkapan yang paling banyak digunakan dengan perkataan «patulin».

KECENDERUNGAN PENGGUNAAN TERMA «PATULIN» DARI MASA KE MASA

Grafik menyatakan evolusi tahunan kekerapan penggunaan perkataan «patulin» selama 500 tahun yang lalu. Pelaksanaannya adlah berdasarkan kepada menganalisa kekerapan istilah «patulin» muncul dalam sumber bercetak digital dalam Corsica antara tahun 1500 dan hari ini.

Contoh penggunaan dalam kesusasteraan Corsica, petikan dan berita mengenai patulin

CONTOH

CORSICA BUKU YANG BERKAIT DENGAN «PATULIN»

Ketahui penggunaan patulin dalam pilihan bibliografi berikut. Buku yang berkait dengan patulin dan ekstrak ringkas dari yang sama untuk menyediakan konteks penggunaannya dalam kesusasteraan Corsica.
1
International Handbook of Foodborne Pathogens
The reaction of patulin with sulfur-containing compounds in foods, such as grains , meat, and cheese, may account for the lack of high patulin levels in those foods (113). The occurrence of patulin in apple juice/products can be greatly reduced ...
Marianne D. Miliotis, Jeffrey W. Bier, 2003
2
Fungi and Food Spoilage
rotting fruit in juice or cider manufacture can result in high concentrations of patulin in juice (Brackett and Marth, 1979; Watkins et al., 1990). Levels of patulin ranging from 538 to 1822 mg/ml were detected in apple cider stored at 258C and up ...
John I. Pitt, Ailsa D. Hocking, 2009
3
Microbiology of Fruits and Vegetables
The mere presence of P. expansion does not necessarily imply that patulin will be present since mycotoxin production is influenced by many factors including environmental conditions, cultivar and nutritional status of the fruit, the microbial ...
Gerald M. Sapers, James R. Gorny, Ahmed E. Yousef, 2005
4
Food Safety: A Practical and Case Study Approach
HACCP procedures for reducing patulin in apple juice HACCP steps Step 1: Growing in the orchard – GAP. Growth of the mould P. expansum, and subsequent patulin contamination, can occur pre-harvest, where it is associated with damaged ...
Richard J. Marshall, 2006
5
Handbook of Food Toxicology
increased mechanization of apple harvesting has increased the possibility of including unsound apples in processing. The results of a limited survey of cider mills revealed that patulin contamination depended on the proportion of decayed  ...
S.S. Deshpande, 2002
6
ADVANCES IN FOOD RESEARCH
Thirteen commercially processed fruit juices and nectars free of added microbial preservatives were then tested as substrates for growth and production of patulin by one strain of B. fulva. The organism produced patulin in greatest amounts on ...
C. O. Chichester, George Franklin Stewart, 1979
7
The Food Safety Hazard Guidebook
Patulin is a toxic fungal metabolite (mycotoxin) produced by certain moulds of the genera Penicillium, Aspergillus and Byssochlamys growing on certain food commodities, especially fruit. Patulin exhibits a number of toxic effects in animals and ...
Richard Lawley, Laurie Curtis, Judy Davis, 2012
8
Mycotoxins in Food: Detection and Control
used) (Paucod et ai, 1990). Patulin at concentrations from 0.25-1 lag/ml decreased the chemotactic index of dog neutrophilic granulocytes and stimulated opsonized zymosan. At the same concentrations, patulin favoured the migration of the ...
Naresh Magan, Monica Olsen, 2004
9
Mycotoxins and Food Safety: [proceedings of the American ...
HPLC quantitates patulin, but does not confirm it. Brause (unpublished data) developed a GC procedure that would supply complementary GC information in the event of a patulin LC response. Patulin eluted in ca 17 min from a 30 m x 0.25  ...
Jonathan W. De Vries, Mary W. Trucksess, Lauren S. Jackson, 2002
10
The Chemistry of Fungi
Patulin (4.9) was isolated from Penicillium patulum in 1943. Since it had a quite marked anti-bacterial activity it was detected and then isolated from several other Penicillium and Aspergillus species during the early 1940s. It is a particular ...
James Ralph Hanson, 2008

BARANGAN BERITA YANG TERMASUK TERMA «PATULIN»

Ketahui apa yang diterbitkan oleh akhbar nasional dan antarabangsa dan cara istilah patulin digunakan dalam konteks perkara berita berikut.
1
Poison in our kitchen: How deadly chemicals have invaded India's …
It may have fungi patulin. How a few glass of ice-chilly milk? Brace for a jolt of deadly chemicals: antibiotic gentamicin, pumped indiscriminately ... «Bharat Press, Jun 15»
2
- Can You Buy Injectable Lidocaine
07202012 Recall Notice focus group is to product found that the level of patulin in are brown while silicone Science and Technology. sect ... «High Country Press, Jun 15»
3
Are mycotoxins killing us slowly?
Patulin is also a secondary metabolite of several genera of fungi, including Penicillium, Aspergillus and Byssochlamys spp. It is soluble in water ... «Food Science & Technology, Jun 15»
4
The Impact of Mycotoxins on Food Safety
These include the aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1, G2 and M1), ochratoxin A, patulin and toxins produced by fusarium molds, including fumonisins (B1, ... «SelectScience.net, Apr 15»
5
The poisons and heavy metals in our food – part I
There are the classic poisons like arsenic and cyanide, as well as heavy metals, aflatoxins and mycotoxins such as patulin, which are produced ... «Health24, Nov 14»
6
Detecting mycotoxins in situ
Over 350 mycotoxins, including aflatoxins, ochratoxins, ergot alkaloids, fusarium toxins, patulin and alternaria toxins, originating from over 250 ... «Foodprocessing, Nov 14»
7
Dr Oz and Phthalates
... aspergillus fungi can contaminate apple juice with their toxic metabolite patulin, wine may harbour residues of isinglass, a fish protein used to ... «CJAD, Nov 14»
8
Is it safe to eat mouldy food?
... been serious outbreaks in the past, incidents of people being poisoned by drinking bad apple juice, which contains a toxin called patulin.”. «Yahoo Canada Shine On, Okt 14»
9
How safe is mouldy food to eat?
... been serious outbreaks in the past, incidents of people being poisoned by drinking bad apple juice, which contains a toxin called patulin.". «BBC News, Okt 14»
10
FDA Warning Letters: Pesticides, Mycotoxins, Adulterated Dietary …
Samples of apple cider manufactured at Iowa Orchard in Urbandale, IA, tested positive for patulin, a mycotoxin that is produced by certain ... «Food Safety News, Apr 14»

RUJUKAN
« EDUCALINGO. Patulin [dalam talian]. <https://educalingo.com/ms/dic-en/patulin> Tersedia. Mei 2024 ».
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