Znaczenie słowa "glycosylate" w słowniku

WYMOWA SŁOWA GLYCOSYLATE

glycosylate  [ɡlaɪˈkɒsɪˌleɪt]

CO OZNACZA SŁOWO GLYCOSYLATE

Glikozylacja

Glycosylation

Glikozylacja jest reakcją, w której węglowodan, tj. Donor glikozylu, jest przyłączony do grupy hydroksylowej lub innej funkcjonalnej innej cząsteczki. W biologii glikozylacja dotyczy głównie enzymatycznego procesu, który przyłącza glikany do białek, lipidów lub innych organicznych cząsteczek. Ten proces enzymatyczny wytwarza jeden z podstawowych biopolimerów znajdujących się w komórkach. Glikozylacja jest formą modyfikacji ko-translacyjnej i posttransakcyjnej. Glikany mają różnorodne funkcje strukturalne i funkcjonalne w błonie i wydzielanych białkach. Większość białek syntetyzowanych w surowej ER przechodzi glikozylację. Jest procesem specyficznym dla określonego miejsca enzymu, w przeciwieństwie do nieenzymatycznej reakcji chemicznej glikacji. Glikozylacja jest również obecna w cytoplazmie i jądrze jako modyfikacja O-GlcNAc. Tworzy się pięć klas glikanów: ▪ N-połączone glikany przyłączone do azotu łańcuchów bocznych asparaginy lub argininy. N-glikozylacja wymaga udziału specjalnego lipidu zwanego fosforanem dolicholu.

Glycosylation is the reaction in which a carbohydrate, i.e. a glycosyl donor, is attached to a hydroxyl or other functional group of another molecule. In biology glycosylation mainly refers in particular to the enzymatic process that attaches glycans to proteins, lipids, or other organic molecules. This enzymatic process produces one of the fundamental biopolymers found in cells. Glycosylation is a form of co-translational and post-translational modification. Glycans serve a variety of structural and functional roles in membrane and secreted proteins. The majority of proteins synthesized in the rough ER undergo glycosylation. It is an enzyme-directed site-specific process, as opposed to the non-enzymatic chemical reaction of glycation. Glycosylation is also present in the cytoplasm and nucleus as the O-GlcNAc modification. Five classes of glycans are produced: ▪ N-linked glycans attached to a nitrogen of asparagine or arginine side-chains. N-linked glycosylation requires participation of a special lipid called dolichol phosphate.

Definicja słowa glycosylate w słowniku

Definicja glikozylanu w słowniku polega na tworzeniu glikoproteiny.

KONIUGACJA CZASOWNIKA GLYCOSYLATE

PRESENT

Present

I glycosylate

you glycosylate

he/she/it glycosylates

we glycosylate

you glycosylate

they glycosylate

Present continuous

I am glycosylating

you are glycosylating

he/she/it is glycosylating

we are glycosylating

you are glycosylating

they are glycosylating

Present perfect

I have glycosylated

you have glycosylated

he/she/it has glycosylated

we have glycosylated

you have glycosylated

they have glycosylated

Present perfect continuous

I have been glycosylating

you have been glycosylating

he/she/it has been glycosylating

we have been glycosylating

you have been glycosylating

they have been glycosylating

PAST

Past

I glycosylated

you glycosylated

he/she/it glycosylated

we glycosylated

you glycosylated

they glycosylated

Past continuous

I was glycosylating

you were glycosylating

he/she/it was glycosylating

we were glycosylating

you were glycosylating

they were glycosylating

Past perfect

I had glycosylated

you had glycosylated

he/she/it had glycosylated

we had glycosylated

you had glycosylated

they had glycosylated

Past perfect continuous

I had been glycosylating

you had been glycosylating

he/she/it had been glycosylating

we had been glycosylating

you had been glycosylating

they had been glycosylating

FUTURE

Future

I will glycosylate

you will glycosylate

he/she/it will glycosylate

we will glycosylate

you will glycosylate

they will glycosylate

Future continuous

I will be glycosylating

you will be glycosylating

he/she/it will be glycosylating

we will be glycosylating

you will be glycosylating

they will be glycosylating

Future perfect

I will have glycosylated

you will have glycosylated

he/she/it will have glycosylated

we will have glycosylated

you will have glycosylated

they will have glycosylated

Future perfect continuous

I will have been glycosylating

you will have been glycosylating

he/she/it will have been glycosylating

we will have been glycosylating

you will have been glycosylating

they will have been glycosylating

CONDITIONAL

Conditional

I would glycosylate

you would glycosylate

he/she/it would glycosylate

we would glycosylate

you would glycosylate

they would glycosylate

Conditional continuous

I would be glycosylating

you would be glycosylating

he/she/it would be glycosylating

we would be glycosylating

you would be glycosylating

they would be glycosylating

Conditional perfect

I would have glycosylate

you would have glycosylate

he/she/it would have glycosylate

we would have glycosylate

you would have glycosylate

they would have glycosylate

Conditional perfect continuous

I would have been glycosylating

you would have been glycosylating

he/she/it would have been glycosylating

we would have been glycosylating

you would have been glycosylating

they would have been glycosylating

IMPERATIVE

Imperative

you glycosylate
we let´s glycosylate
you glycosylate

NONFINITE VERB FORMS

Infinitive

to glycosylate

Past participle

glycosylated

Present Participle

glycosylating

TŁUMACZENIE SŁOWA GLYCOSYLATE

Poznaj tłumaczenie słowa glycosylate na 25 języków dzięki naszemu tłumaczowi wielojęzycznemu.

Tłumaczenie słowa glycosylate na inne języki w tej sekcji zostało uzyskane za pomocą automatycznego tłumaczenia statystycznego, gdzie podstawową jednostką tłumaczeniową jest słowo «glycosylate».

• Tłumacz angielski - chiński: 糖基化
• Tłumacz angielski - hiszpański: glicosilato
• angielski: glycosylate
• Tłumacz angielski - hindi: glycosylate
• Tłumacz angielski - arabski: glycosylate
• Tłumacz angielski - rosyjski: гликозилировать
• Tłumacz angielski - portugalski: glicosilam
• Tłumacz angielski - bengalski: glycosylate
• Tłumacz angielski - francuski: glycosyler
• Tłumacz angielski - malajski: Glikosilat
• Tłumacz angielski - niemiecki: glycosylieren
• Tłumacz angielski - japoński: グリコシル化する
• Tłumacz angielski - koreański: glycosylate
• Tłumacz angielski - jawajski: Glycosylate
• Tłumacz angielski - wietnamski: glycosylate
• Tłumacz angielski - tamilski: glycosylate
• Tłumacz angielski - marathi: ग्लिसोसिलेट
• Tłumacz angielski - turecki: glikosile
• Tłumacz angielski - włoski: glycosylate
• Tłumacz angielski - polski: glikozylują
• Tłumacz angielski - ukraiński: глікозильованого
• Tłumacz angielski - rumuński: glycosylate
• Tłumacz angielski - grecki: γλυκοσυλιώνουν
• Tłumacz angielski - afrikaans: glycosylate
• Tłumacz angielski - szwedzki: glykosylera
• Tłumacz angielski - norweski: glykosylere

KSIĄŻKI POWIĄZANE ZE SŁOWEM «GLYCOSYLATE»

Poznaj użycie słowa glycosylate w następujących pozycjach bibliograficznych Książki powiązane ze słowem glycosylate oraz krótkie ich fragmenty w celu przedstawienia kontekstu użycia w literaturze.

Cell Culture Technology for Pharmaceutical and Cell-Based ...

Bacteria typically do not glycosylate proteins, but can be utilized as hosts when efficacy is independent of glycosylation (for example, recombinant human insulin and human growth hormone). If the glycoform is critical for biological activity, the  ...

Sadettin Ozturk, Wei-Shou Hu, 2005

Protein Glycosylation

Organ-specific expression of different transferase specificities correlated with the ability to glycosylate two peptides (designated Mucla and Muclb) corresponding to fragments of the TAP25 peptide.61 A recombinant form of human GalNAc-T2 ...

Roslyn M. Bill, Leigh Revers, Iain Wilson, 1998

Flavonoid Metabolism

These enzymes are able to glycosylate more than one type of B-ring found in anthocyanidins, and some can glycosylate flavonols, but not 3- hydroxyflavanones (dihydroflavonols). The cabbage (Brassica oleraceae) seedling enzyme can ...

Helen A. Stafford, 1990

Macrolide Antibiotics

Both S. lividans and Micromonospora purpurea produce a glycosyltransferase, mgt, that uses UDP-glucose as a cofactor to glycosylate and inactivate 14-, 15-, and 16-membered macrolides [132, 133]. Streptomyces antibioticus, the producer ...

W. Schönfeld, H.A. Kirst, 2002

Synthetic Progress Toward Parvistemonine, Spiroxins A and B, ...

Acetate 220 was synthesized by treating D-glucose (219) with acetic anhydride in pyridine (Scheme 9.11), but did not glycosylate 177. The bromo derivative 221 was synthesized in good yield by treatment of 220 with HBr in AcOH, but this ...

Erika Elaine Englund, 2008

Comprehensive Natural Products II: Chemistry and Biology: 10 ...

... which glycosylate AIDA-I and TibA respectively, can also glycosylate Ag43.62 Knudsen et al.63 identified over 16 glycosylation sites, including several Ser and Thr residues. They suggested that Ag43 is glycosylated by a heptosyltransferase  ...

‎2010

The Sugar Code: Fundamentals of Glycosciences

From a clinical perspective, it is important to note that a number of pathogenic bacteria, which colonise mammals, also glycosylate some proteins which are not S-layer glycoproteins; a well-studied example is the N-glycosylation system in ...

Hans-Joachim Gabius, 2013

Biotechnology: Academic Cell Update Edition

Bacterial cells are by far the cheapest and fastest method for recombinant protein expression, but they do not glycosylate proteins or fold mammalian proteins correctly. Cultured mammalian cells glycosylate and fold proteins properly, but they ...

David P. Clark, Nanette J. Pazdernik, 2011

Handbook of Fruit and Vegetable Flavors

The first group of glycosylate compounds found in grapes was the terpene. This finding about its aromatic role has produced many papers and has even been a guide to classify grapes (Mateo and Jiménez 2000). The study of monoterpenes ...

Y. H. Hui, Feng Chen, Leo M. L. Nollet, 2010

Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology

Glycosylate. Inhibitor. Action. A brief prior incubation of Ugi with E . coli uracil-DN A glycosylase in the absence of uracil-DNA halved the glycosylase activity (251). In contrast, no decrease was observed due to the prior incubation when Ugi ...

‎1994

WIADOMOŚCI, KTÓRE ZAWIERAJĄ SŁOWO «GLYCOSYLATE»

Sprawdź, o czym dyskutuje się w prasie krajowej i zagranicznej oraz jak jest stosowane słowo glycosylate w wiadomościach.

New tool identifies therapeutic proteins in a 'snap'

That breakthrough was limited by the fact that their oligosaccharyltransferase enzymes were picky about which proteins they would glycosylate, ... «Cornell Chronicle, Sie 14»

Lean green microbe machines

Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, another common biotech tool, make malarial proteins but they glycosylate them, impeding the immune ... «Chemistry World, Kwi 13»

Deprotonation Disparity

OGT's action requires proton abstraction from the hydroxyl of serine, one of two amino acids OGT can glycosylate. But the studies differ as to the ... «The Biological SCENE, Lis 12»

$50 Million Jury Award Against Genzyme for Infringing Patent …

... argument is poignant, since the commercially useful drug is made in mammalian cells, which glycosylate proteins differently than insect cells. «JD Supra, Lip 12»

Alga Provides Feasible Mass Production System for Subunit Malaria …

Eukaryotic production systems glycosylate recombinant proteins, and bacterial systems aren't capable of generating proteins with the ... «Genetic Engineering News, Maj 12»

Overcoming Challenges in Conjugate Vaccines

This enables the bacterium to separate polysaccharide polymers from its lipid carrier and glycosylate protein at specific introduced consensus ... «Drug Discovery & Development, Gru 11»

Interview: Sweet Science

We are designing ways to glycosylate natural drug-like molecules. This can be synthetically challenging, so we are using enzymes to perform ... «Chemistry World, Lis 09»

Thank You for Guzzling Corn Syrup

Compared to glucose (which you hardly ever find all by itself in the diet), fructose has a much greater tendency to glycate (or glycosylate if you ... «Testosterone Nation, Mar 09»

Aminopyralid (You got herbicide in my fertilizer!)

Tell me this: if you were a microbe, wouldn't you munch on that? Or if you were a liver, wouldn't you glycosylate that? I will admit to huge swaths ... «ScienceBlogs, Cze 08»