CO OZNACZA SŁOWO MONOPOLIZATION
Monopolizacja
W amerykańskim prawie antymonopolowym monopolizacja jest przestępstwem, a główne kategorie zabronionych zachowań obejmują wyłączne traktowanie, dyskryminację cenową, odmowę dostarczenia niezbędnego obiektu, wiązania produktów i drapieżnych cen. Monopolizacja jest przestępstwem z punktu 2 amerykańskiej ustawy antymonopolistycznej z 1890 roku. Ma specyficzne znaczenie prawne, które jest równoznaczne z "nadużyciem" pozycji dominującej w unijnym prawie konkurencji, na mocy art. 102 TFEU. Ustawa z Sherman 1890 §2 stwierdza, że każda osoba "która będzie monopolizować ... jakąkolwiek część handlu lub handlu między kilkoma państwami lub obcymi narodami uważa się za przestępstwo". Sekcja 2 zabrania także "prób monopolizacji" i "konspiracji na monopolizację". Generalnie oznacza to, że korporacje nie mogą działać w sposób, który został zidentyfikowany jako sprzeczny z precedensowymi przypadkami.
Definicja słowa monopolization w słowniku
Definicja monopolizacji w słowniku jest aktem posiadania, kontrolowania lub pełnego wykorzystania osoby lub czegoś, z wyłączeniem innych. Inną definicją monopolizacji jest uzyskanie, utrzymanie lub wykorzystanie monopolu rynku, towaru itp.
KSIĄŻKI POWIĄZANE ZE SŁOWEM «MONOPOLIZATION»
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monopolization w następujących pozycjach bibliograficznych Książki powiązane ze słowem
monopolization oraz krótkie ich fragmenty w celu przedstawienia kontekstu użycia w literaturze.
1
Social Closure: The Theory of
Monopolization and Exclusion
The author examines the way in which Western society has transformed its codes of social closure and compares the Weberian concept of closure with Marxist theories of exploitation, thus marking an important advance in Weberian studies.
2
Antitrust Law Developments (sixth)
resources by avoiding the "more elusive assessment of conduct and intent"
where the market in question is not vulnerable to monopolization.596 In
appraising whether the defendant had a dangerous probability of success, courts
generally ...
3
Group Dynamics and Proximate Mechanisms of Female ...
Female Reproductive Monopolization The distribution of reproduction within a
group is referred to as reproductive skew (Vehrenkamp 1983a, b; Hager 2003).
Groups where one or a few individuals are able to monopolize breeding show
high ...
4
De-
monopolization Toward Long-Term Prosperity in China
2012 International Monetary Fund WP/12/75 IMF Working Paper Asia and Pacific
Department De-monopolization Toward Long-Term Prosperity in China Prepared
by Ashvin Ahuj a1 Authorized for distribution by Nigel Chalk March 2012 This ...
5
Antitrust Law and Economics
I Introduction Monopolization, the restriction of competition by a dominant firm, is
regulated in roughly half of the world's nations.1 The two most famous laws
regulating monopolization are Section 2 of the Sherman Act,2 in the United
States, ...
6
Mergers and Acquisitions: Understanding the Antitrust Issues
monopolize.55 Section 2, however, unlike Section 7, requires a showing of intent
to monopolize (monopolization and attempted monopolization), the possession
of monopoly power in the relevant market (monopolization), predatory or ...
Robert S. Schlossberg,
2008
7
Microsoft, Antitrust and the New Economy: Selected Essays
01/1 8/21 Monopolization Mergers & Acquisitions Dissolution Oscar Kem 03/08/
21 Monopolization Coordination between firms Dissolution Cement Securities Co
. 01/10/22 Monopolization Coordination between Finns Dissolution National ...
8
Competition Laws Outside the United States
Section 3 of the Antimonopoly Law prohibits private monopolization. There are
few precedents (i.e., court cases and JFTC decisions) dealing with the issue of
private monopolization, and there are no typical cases that directly address the ...
9
The Microsoft Case: Antitrust, High Technology, and Consumer ...
Eclipse: The Chicago School Critique of Monopolization Standards. The
repeated failures of public monopolization enforcement demonstrate the
shortcomings of the law's definition of monopolization. As we have explained, the
leading ...
William H. Page, John E. Lopatka,
2009
10
Federal Antitrust and EC Competition Law Analysis
Without a definition of the market there is no way to measure [the] ability to lessen
or destroy competition.85 This being the position, the pressing question for the
law was whether markets in attempted monopolization cases should be defined ...
WIADOMOŚCI, KTÓRE ZAWIERAJĄ SŁOWO «MONOPOLIZATION»
Sprawdź, o czym dyskutuje się w prasie krajowej i zagranicznej oraz jak jest stosowane słowo
monopolization w wiadomościach.
Latin American Governments Take on Media Monopolies
This, however, is far from a reality in today's world, where patterns show increasing monopolization of media markets around the world. «teleSUR English, Lip 15»
Paul Durand-Ruel, the Paris Dealer Who Put Impressionism on the …
In a catalog essay, the art historian Simon Kelly enumerates Durand-Ruel's methods: “The monopolization of the artists in his stable to raise ... «New York Times, Lip 15»
America on the March: International Relations Framework
... there was on the domestic side, through the National Recovery Administration, further encouragement of monopolization, carrying forward ... «CounterPunch, Lip 15»
Keurig Fights to Dismiss All Antitrust Claims Brought Against It
Finally, in Keurig's motions to dismiss the antitrust claims brought by its competitors—including monopolization, tying, exclusive dealing, and ... «JD Supra, Lip 15»
County To Charge For Public Records Copies
"The purpose of this policy is to prevent monopolization of working hours of county employees and interference with their work duties," the ... «Greeneville Sun, Lip 15»
Aoun's Bloc Says PM Put 'Veto' on Top 4 Presidential Hopefuls, Govt …
... management crisis, Change and Reform accused certain parties of seeking to “use it for political pressure to maintain their monopolization of ... «Naharnet, Lip 15»
Has Organized Crime Hijacked our Medical Delivery System?
These establishments do not tolerate competition and constantly fight for monopolization, or “market share.” When organized crime is involved, ... «Business Clarksville, Lip 15»
Poroshenko expects NSDC to de-monopolize air travel market
... Council (NSDC) to make decisions relating to the de-monopolization of the air travel market, the presidential press service has reported. «Kyiv Post, Lip 15»
ResponsibleOhio falls short of signature requirement
There have been several pro-marijuana groups to sprout up who have claimed ResponsibleOhio's amendment proposal would lead to a monopolization of the ... «Columbus Sun Times, Lip 15»
Liquor must be privatized
It is bogged down in red tape, antiquated systems, lack of selection, many poor employees, high prices and monopolization. By the time the ... «Observer-Reporter, Lip 15»