Znaczenie słowa "punitive" w słowniku

ETYMOLOGIA SŁOWA PUNITIVE

From Medieval Latin pūnītīvus concerning punishment, from Latin pūnīre to punish.

Etymologia to nauka badająca pochodzenie słów oraz zmiany ich struktury i znaczenia.

WYMOWA SŁOWA PUNITIVE

punitive  [ˈpjuːnɪtɪv]

CO OZNACZA SŁOWO PUNITIVE

Kara

Punishment

Kara jest autorytatywnym narzuceniem przez organy ścigania czegoś niepożądanego lub nieprzyjemnego, w odpowiedzi na zachowanie, które władza uzna za niedopuszczalne lub pogwałcenie jakiejś normy. Nieprzyjemne nałożenie może obejmować grzywnę, kary lub uwięzienie, bądź usunięcie lub odrzucenie czegoś przyjemnego lub pożądanego. Osobą może być osoba, a nawet zwierzę. Organ może być grupą lub pojedynczą osobą, a kara może być formalnie prowadzona w systemie prawa lub nieformalnie w innych formach społecznych, takich jak rodzina. Konsekwencje negatywne, które nie są dozwolone lub są administrowane bez naruszania zasad, nie są uważane za kary, jak zdefiniowano tutaj. Badanie i praktyka karania zbrodni, zwłaszcza w odniesieniu do uwięzienia, nazywa się penologią, a często w tekstach nowożytnych poprawkami; w tym kontekście proces karny jest eufemistycznie nazywany procesem naprawczym. Badania nad karą często zawierają podobne badania w zakresie zapobiegania.

Punishment is the authoritative imposition of something undesirable or unpleasant upon an individual or group by law enforcement, in response to behaviour that an authority deems unacceptable or a violation of some norm. The unpleasant imposition may include a fine, penalty, or confinement, or be the removal or denial of something pleasant or desirable. The individual may be a person, or even an animal. The authority may be either a group or a single person, and punishment may be carried out formally under a system of law or informally in other kinds of social settings such as within a family. Negative consequences that are not authorised or that are administered without a breach of rules are not considered to be punishment as defined here. The study and practice of the punishment of crimes, particularly as it applies to imprisonment, is called penology, or, often in modern texts, corrections; in this context, the punishment process is euphemistically called "correctional process". Research into punishment often includes similar research into prevention.

Definicja słowa punitive w słowniku

Definicja represji w słowniku odnosi się do, wciągając lub z zamiarem ukarania.

SYNONIMY SŁOWA «PUNITIVE»

Następujące słowa mają podobne lub identyczne znaczenie jak słowo «punitive» i należą do tej samej kategorii gramatycznej.

Synonimy słowa punitive

austere · burdensome · draconian · drastic · harsh · high · prohibitive · punitory · retaliative · retaliatory · revengeful · severe · stiff · stringent · vindictive

TŁUMACZENIE SŁOWA PUNITIVE

Poznaj tłumaczenie słowa punitive na 25 języków dzięki naszemu tłumaczowi wielojęzycznemu.

Tłumaczenie słowa punitive na inne języki w tej sekcji zostało uzyskane za pomocą automatycznego tłumaczenia statystycznego, gdzie podstawową jednostką tłumaczeniową jest słowo «punitive».

• Tłumacz angielski - chiński: 惩罚性的
• Tłumacz angielski - hiszpański: punitivo
• angielski: punitive
• Tłumacz angielski - hindi: दंडात्मक
• Tłumacz angielski - arabski: عقابية
• Tłumacz angielski - rosyjski: карательная
• Tłumacz angielski - portugalski: punitivo
• Tłumacz angielski - bengalski: শাস্তিমূলক
• Tłumacz angielski - francuski: punitif
• Tłumacz angielski - malajski: Punitif
• Tłumacz angielski - niemiecki: Straf-
• Tłumacz angielski - japoński: 懲罰的な
• Tłumacz angielski - koreański: 처벌의
• Tłumacz angielski - jawajski: Punitive
• Tłumacz angielski - wietnamski: trừng phạt
• Tłumacz angielski - tamilski: தண்டனை
• Tłumacz angielski - marathi: दंडात्मक
• Tłumacz angielski - turecki: cezalandırıcı
• Tłumacz angielski - włoski: punitivo
• Tłumacz angielski - polski: karne
• Tłumacz angielski - ukraiński: каральна
• Tłumacz angielski - rumuński: punitive
• Tłumacz angielski - grecki: τιμωρητική
• Tłumacz angielski - afrikaans: strafmaatreëls
• Tłumacz angielski - szwedzki: bestraffande
• Tłumacz angielski - norweski: straff

CYTATY ZE SŁOWEM «PUNITIVE»

Słynne cytaty i zdania ze słowem punitive.

1

Kenneth Blackwell

Job creation requires a business friendly environment with a tax structure that is not punitive and a state government designed for efficient use of fewer tax dollars.

2

Arthur C. Brooks

We will have bigger bureaucracies, bigger labor unions, and bigger state-run corporations. It will be harder to be an entrepreneur because of punitive taxes and regulations. The rewards of success will be expropriated for the sake of attaining greater income equality.

3

John Cleese

God was treated like this powerful, erratic, rather punitive father who has to be pacified and praised. You know, flattered.

4

Letty Cottin Pogrebin

America is a nation fundamentally ambivalent about its children, often afraid of its children, and frequently punitive toward its children.

5

Romano Prodi

I don't want to pass a punitive law, or use politics as a vendetta.

6

Julius Streicher

There must be a punitive expedition against the Jews in Russia, a punitive expedition which will expect: death sentence and execution. Then the world will see the end of the Jews is also the end of Bolshevism.

KSIĄŻKI POWIĄZANE ZE SŁOWEM «PUNITIVE»

Poznaj użycie słowa punitive w następujących pozycjach bibliograficznych Książki powiązane ze słowem punitive oraz krótkie ich fragmenty w celu przedstawienia kontekstu użycia w literaturze.

Punitive Damages: How Juries Decide

Using a wealth of new experimental data, and offering a host of provocative findings, this book documents a wide range of systematic biases in jury behavior.

Cass R. Sunstein, Reid Hastie, John W. Payne, 2008

Sex Panic and the Punitive State

One evening, while watching the news, Roger N. Lancaster was startled by a report that a friend, a gay male school teacher, had been arrested for a sexually based crime.

Roger N. Lancaster, 2011

Punitive Damages and Business Torts: A Practitioner's Handbook

We will review in this chapter the measure of punitive damages in business tort cases. We will first consider who determines the amount of punitive damages and whether actual damages are a necessary predicate for the award of punitive ...

Thomas J. Collin, 1998

Punitive Damages: Common Law and Civil Law Perspectives

This text on the nature, role and suitability of punitive damages in tort and private law contains reports from some jurisdictions that award punitive damages and some that don’t.

Helmut Koziol, Vanessa Wilcox, 2011

Our Punitive Society: Race, Class, Gender and Punishment in ...

This brand new text identifies the macroeconomic forces relevant to imprisonmentpoverty and political powerlessnessand explores viable and humane alternatives to our current incarceration binge.

Randall G. Shelden, 2009

Punitive Damages: Empirical Findings

Based on cases that reached jury verdict in Cook County, Illinois, and San Francisco, California, from 1960 to 1984, this report presents analytically derived answers to questions surrounding the award of punitive damages: (1) how ...

Mark A. Peterson, Syam Sarma, Michael G. Shanley, 1987

Perceived Organizational Forgiveness and Punitive Intent

Keywords. Perceived organizational forgiveness, punitive intent, ethical decision-making

Rommel Salvador, 2008

Punitive war: confederate guerrillas and union reprisals

Together, all of these actions persuaded the Union to wage an increasingly punitive war. Clay Mountcastle presents a new look at the complex nature of guerrilla warfare in the Civil War and the Union Army's calculated response to it.

Clay Mountcastle, 2009

The Punitive State: Crime, Punishment, And Imprisonment ...

Some have addressed these variations, but most have done so by reference to imprisonment rates per capita. In this book, I argue that the imprisonment rate ultimately reflects the cumulative outcome of two different punitive approaches.

Natasha Frost, 2006

Theorizing Discrimination in an Era of Contested Prejudice: ...

The key ramification of this structure is that, in U.S. legal doctrine, punishing the violators of a law is at least as important as compensating the victims of crime, even when punitive damages are not at issue. Defendants who only pay restitution ...

Samuel Lucas, 2009

WIADOMOŚCI, KTÓRE ZAWIERAJĄ SŁOWO «PUNITIVE»

Sprawdź, o czym dyskutuje się w prasie krajowej i zagranicznej oraz jak jest stosowane słowo punitive w wiadomościach.

Montana Supreme Court sends back $52 million case, foregoes …

Smith compared the punitive damages cap to a limit established in 1995 to keep noneconomic damages in medical malpractice cases below $250,000. «Fox Business, Lip 15»

Jury Awards $2 Million in Punitive Damages for Attempted Murder

With interest, the award now has been increased to $6,577,000 inclusive of the punitive damages awarded today. Javier van Oordt of the Santa Ana law firm of ... «PR Newswire, Cze 15»

Court Upholds $2.8M Compensation but Strikes Down Punitive …

But the appeals court overturned an additional $8.6 million punitive award levied against the congregation and the Jehovah's Witnesses headquarters ... «The San Francisco Appeal, Kwi 15»

Judge Rules Ellen Pao Can Sue For Punitive Damages In Gender …

Punitive damages often run much higher than the awards designed to compensate plaintiffs for financial losses. The four-week trial on Pao's lawsuit has ... «Huffington Post, Mar 15»

Ellen Pao can sue Kleiner Perkins for punitive damages, rules judge

Ellen Pao is suing for both punitive and compensatory damages in her gender discrimination trial against the venture capital firm Kleiner Perkins. Today, Judge ... «The Verge, Mar 15»

Crisis: Next government should launch an urgent review of 'punitive …

A new report says that the next government should launch an urgent review of benefit sanctions because the current regime is "punitive and flawed". «ITV News, Mar 15»

Senate changes mind on punitive damages bill

CHARLESTON, W.Va. — Several members of the state Senate changed their minds Thursday and voted in favor of a bill (SB421) that caps punitive damages in ... «West Virginia MetroNews, Lut 15»

Takeda Told to Pay $1.3 Million in Actos Punitive Damages

(Bloomberg) -- A jury ordered Takeda Pharmaceutical Co. to pay $1.3 million in punitive damages to a former teacher who argued the drugmaker's Actos ... «Bloomberg, Lut 15»

Plaintiffs' lawyers for oil spill victims say BP should pay punitive …

Plaintiffs' lawyers argue BP should be forced to pay not just for direct damages to Gulf Coast states, businesses and individuals, but also additional punitive ... «NOLA.com, Gru 14»

Takeda, Lilly Win 99.6% Cut in Actos Punitive Damages

Oct. 28 (Bloomberg) -- Takeda Pharmaceutical Co. and Eli Lilly & Co. won a more than a 99 percent cut in a $9 billion punitive damages award over claims the ... «Bloomberg, Paz 14»