CO OZNACZA SŁOWO SAXITOXIN
Saksozytoksynę
Sykotoksyną jest najlepiej znana toksyna drobnocząsteczkowa, chociaż inne związki zostały opisane, takie jak neosaksytoksyna, 11-alfa i 11-beta-O-siarczany saksozytoksyny i neosaksytoksyny oraz pochodne karbonylo-N-siarczanu saksozytoksyny i neosaksytoksyny . STX jest neurotoksyną naturalnie produkowaną przez niektóre gatunki dinoflagellatów i cyjanobakterii morskich. Spożywanie soktoksyny jest odpowiedzialne za ludzką chorobę zwaną zatruciem mięśniami paralitycznymi. W rzeczywistości termin "saksozyna" pochodzi od nazwy gatunkowej małży, w której po raz pierwszy została rozpoznana. Jednak termin "saksozyntyna" może odnosić się również do całego zestawu pokrewnych neurotoksyn wytwarzanych przez te mikroorganizmy, które obejmują czystą saktoksynę, neosaksytoksynę, gonyautoxiny i dekarbamoilosaksytoksynę. Wykrywanie saksozytoksyn w skorupiakach, takich jak małży, małży i przegrzebek często prowadzi do zamknięcia komercyjnego i rekreacyjnego zbioru skorupiaków, zwłaszcza w Kalifornii, w stanie Oregon, w stanie Waszyngton i w Nowej Anglii. STX znaleziono w co najmniej 12 gatunkach ryb morskich ryb morskich w Azji i jednej ryby w wodach słodkowodnych w Brazylii. Jednak ostateczne źródło STX jest nadal niepewne.
Definicja słowa saxitoxin w słowniku
Definicja saksytoksyny w słowniku jest trującym alkaloidem wytwarzanym przez dinoflagellaty z rodzaju Gonyaulax, które gromadzą się w mięczakach i powodują zatrucie pokarmowe u ludzi.
KSIĄŻKI POWIĄZANE ZE SŁOWEM «SAXITOXIN»
Poznaj użycie słowa
saxitoxin w następujących pozycjach bibliograficznych Książki powiązane ze słowem
saxitoxin oraz krótkie ich fragmenty w celu przedstawienia kontekstu użycia w literaturze.
1
Development of a Microelectrochemical Sensor for the Marine ...
Llewellyn, L.E., Saxitoxin, a toxic marine natural product that targets a multitude
of receptors. Nat. Prod. Rep., 2006. 23: p. 200-222. 3. Oshima, S., et al.,
Comparative Studies on Paralytic Shellfish Toxin Profile of Dinoflagellates and
Bivalves.
2
Handbook of Water Analysis, Second Edition
TABLE 5.2 Types of Functional Assays Target Parameter Toxin Detected Cell
response Cell death Receptor Enzyme Fluorescence Absorbance Electrical
current Fluorescence Polarization fluorescence Absorbance Saxitoxin (PSP) [121
] ...
Leo M.L. Nollet, Leen S. P. De Gelder,
2007
3
Ciguatera Seafood Toxins
The toxins produced by Gonyaulax are ( l ) saxitoxin, (2) neosaxitoxin, and (3)
smaller amounts of the gonyautoxins l -5 and the carbamoyl and sulfamate toxins
.8 Saxitoxin was first isolated from Alaskan butter clams in l960 by Schantz.30 ...
4
Seafood and Freshwater Toxins: Pharmacology, Physiology, and ...
243 7.10.1 Production and Distribution of Saxitoxin and Derivatives ........................
..................... 243 7.10.2 Toxicity of Saxitoxin and Derivatives to Experimental
Animals . ... 244 7.10.2.1 Acute Toxicity of Saxitoxin by Intraperitoneal Injection .
5
Marine Biotechnology Volume 1: Pharmaceutical and Bioactive ...
Saxitoxin was first isolated as the toxic principle responsible for paralytic shellfish
poisoning (PSP) (Schantz et al., 1957). The phenomenon that the normally edible
bivalves sometimes become toxic has been known for a long time in many ...
David H. Attaway, Oskar R. Zaborsky,
1993
6
Toxicology: A Case-Oriented Approach
The mussels not eaten by the fishermen were tested and found to contain
saxitoxin at 24,400 u.g/100 g of raw mussels and 4280|ig/100 g of cooked
mussels. Saxitoxin is soluble in hot water so much of. the toxin leaches from the
mussels into ...
7
Animal Toxins: Facts and Protocols
General Comments: For the saxitoxin assay, [3H]STX will be used as the radi-
olabeled toxin and STX as the unlabeled competitor toxin. Rat brain membrane
will be prepared as described previously as the source of specific STX receptor.
Herve Rochat, Marie-France Martin-Eauclaire,
2000
8
Medical Toxicology of Natural Substances: Foods, Fungi, ...
Saxitoxin reversibly binds to site 1 on the outer ion conduction pore of the voltage
-sensitive sodium channel, producing inhibition of conduction and disruption of
the action potential.32 Site 1 is located on the SS1–SS2 segments of all four ...
Donald G. Barceloux,
2012
9
Algal Toxins in Seafood and Drinking Water
Tetrodotoxin, isolated from puffer fish, possesses a single guanidinium moiety
and acts in a manner nearly identical to saxitoxin. At the cellular level some
differences between tetrodotoxin and saxitoxin are apparent. For example,
lobster ...
10
Manual of Security Sensitive Microbes and Toxins
Intoxication is dose-dependent and symptoms range from a mild tingling of the
lips to full cardiopulmonary arrest.5,6 The LD50 parenterally for saxitoxin in mice
is around 10 μg/kg6a making it one of the most toxic substances ever described.
WIADOMOŚCI, KTÓRE ZAWIERAJĄ SŁOWO «SAXITOXIN»
Sprawdź, o czym dyskutuje się w prasie krajowej i zagranicznej oraz jak jest stosowane słowo
saxitoxin w wiadomościach.
DEC reopens shellfish lands closed in May due to high levels of …
Those water bodies were closed to the harvesting of carnivorous gastropods due to high levels of saxitoxin, a biotoxin that can cause paralytic shellfish ... «RiverheadLOCAL, Lip 15»
Severe hike in water toxins leading to unparalleled number of turtles …
Saxitoxin is produced by red algae blooms which is a “dangerous neurotoxin” capable of damaging or impairing nerve tissue. Shellfish filter the toxic algae cell ... «Benchmark Reporter, Cze 15»
Hundreds of dead turtles wash up on Long Island
Necropsies on some of the more than 200 diamondback terrapins found on the island's North Fork point to saxitoxin, a biotoxin produced in algae blooms that ... «Toronto Star, Maj 15»
Experts Suspect Diamondback Terrapin Die-Off Is Caused By A …
The biotoxin, called saxitoxin, causes paralytic shellfish poisoning, or PSP, in people and animals when high concentrations of it are consumed. Karen Testa ... «27east.com, Maj 15»
State Reopens Shellfishing Areas, Warns of Blue-Green Algae in …
Saxitoxin, which was found in Shinnecock Bay, affects the nervous system and paralyzes muscles. High levels of paralytic shellfish poisoning can be fatal. «East Hampton Star, Maj 15»
Dead Turtles Are Mysteriously Washing Up On Long Island Beaches
One theory is that the area's shellfish—the preferred meal of Diamondback terrapins—might be riddled with unusually high amounts of saxitoxin, which can lead ... «Gothamist, Maj 15»
Lethal toxin in local waterway reaches highest levels ever measured …
But saxitoxin is responsible for paralytic shellfish poisoning when consumed by humans, which can cause numbness or tingling in the face or limbs, and —in ... «RiverheadLOCAL, Maj 15»
Massive turtle deaths lead to shellfish harvest ban
Researchers believe saxitoxin, a shellfish toxin, may be the problem. Experts say there are red tides and saxitoxin in the shellfish every year, but the levels this ... «News 12 Long Island, Maj 15»
DEC says red tide biotoxins likely caused turtle die-off
Though findings from a necropsy were “nonspecific” — meaning the turtle's death could not be directly cited to the presence of the red tide byproduct saxitoxin ... «Riverhead News Review, Maj 15»
State DEC shuts down shellfishing again, now in James Creek
According to the notice, elevated levels of saxitoxin were found in mussel samples taken from the Creek. Saxitoxin can be harmful to humans and animal life if ... «Suffolk Times, Maj 15»