CO OZNACZA SŁOWO SUPERATOM
Superatom
Superatom to jakikolwiek atom atomowy, który wydaje się posiadać pewne właściwości atomów pierwiastków. Atomy sodu, po ochłodzeniu się z par, naturalnie skrapla się w klastry, korzystnie zawierają magiczną liczbę atomów. Pierwsze dwa z nich można uznać za liczbę elektronów potrzebną do napełnienia pierwszej i drugiej skorupy. Superatomowa sugestia polega na tym, że wolne elektrony w klastrze zajmują nowy zestaw orbitalów, które są zdefiniowane przez całą grupę atomów, tj. Klastra, a nie poszczególnych atomów oddzielnie Superatomy mają tendencję do zachowywania się chemicznie w sposób umożliwiający im posiadanie zamkniętej powłoki elektronów, w tym nowym schemacie liczenia. Dlatego też superatom z innym elektronem niż pełną powłoką powinien z łatwością wyeliminować ten elektron, podobny do metalu alkalicznego, a klaster z jednym elektronem niewiele z pełnej powłoki powinien mieć duże powinowactwo elektronowe, takie jak halogen.
Definicja słowa superatom w słowniku
Definicja superatomu w słowniku jest grupą atomów zachowujących się w określony sposób, jak pojedynczy atom.
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1
Simulating the Physical World: Hierarchical Modeling from ...
In the next section we consider the special case of superatom models. 8.4
Superatom approach A special form of coarse graining is the representation of
local groups of atoms by one particle, called a superatom. Superatoms are
especially ...
Herman J. C. Berendsen,
2007
The concept of the superatom\ this is one of the prime concepts in CONGEN. A
superatom represents any connected graph, which is treated as a single "atom"
during the structure assembly. There are superatoms representing cycles and ...
3
Advances in Carbon Research and Application: 2012 Edition
University. of. Pittsburgh: The. Electronic. Properties. of. Superatom. States. of.
Hollow. Molecules. According to the authors of a study from Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania, “Electronic and optical properties of molecules and molecular
solids are ...
4
Handbook of Chemoinformatics Algorithms
Graph-theoretically, a superatom is a connected isthmus-free multigraph (short cif
-graph), that is, with no edge whose deletion would disconnect the graph. The
number of free valences of the superatom is determined by the number of ...
Jean-Loup Faulon, Andreas Bender,
2010
5
Multiscale Molecular Methods in Applied Chemistry
The number of real atoms collected into one superatom is often referred to as the
degree of coarse-graining. It cannot be chosen completely arbitrarily, or else the
essential physics of the polymer may be lost, as the following example shows.
Barbara Kirchner, Jadran Vrabec,
2011
6
Proceedings of the Symposium on Recent Advances in the ...
INTRODUCTION Since the initial discovery of C^, it has been proposed that an
atom or a small molecule could be trapped inside the empty fullerene cage,
forming a superatom [1, 2]. Similar to ordinary atoms or superatoms in
semiconductor ...
Karl M. Kadish, Rodney S. Ruoff,
1994
7
Nanoclusters: A Bridge Across Disciplines
assemblies and properties. A simple and elegant framework in which clusters
may be organized is by characterizing those whose properties and reactivity may
be approximated by those of an atom and which behave like a superatom [6–12].
Purusottam Jena, Albert Welford Castleman,
2010
8
The Periodic Table: Its Story and Its Significance
Nevertheless, the chemistry of the ammonium ion more closely resembles that of
Rb+ and Cs+. Among the similarities are reactions with the [Co(NO2)6]3– anion,
which give precipitates in the case of NH4+, K+, Rb+, and Cs+. Superatom ...
9
Metal Clusters and Nanoalloys: From Modeling to Applications
A superatom is a stable quasispherical cluster with physical and chemical
properties similar to those of an atom isovalent to it. Al−13 is a good example of a
superatom because it satisfies both atomic shell closing and electronic shell
closing ...
Marcelo Mario Mariscal, Oscar Alejandro Oviedo, Ezequiel Pedro Marcos Leiva,
2012
10
Metal Nanoparticles and Nanoalloys
4.5. The. Unifying. Superatom. Concept. The above analysis of precisely known
compositions and structures ... having a closed electron shell and a complete
chemical protection of the metal core can be called a “noble-gas superatom”. 4.6.
Roy Luigi Johnston, Jess P. Wilcoxon,
2012
WIADOMOŚCI, KTÓRE ZAWIERAJĄ SŁOWO «SUPERATOM»
Sprawdź, o czym dyskutuje się w prasie krajowej i zagranicznej oraz jak jest stosowane słowo
superatom w wiadomościach.
Russian Scientists Discover New Kind Of Superatomic Nickel
Scientists at the Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry have discovered a unique molecular fragment “Ni2O2,” a superatom consisting of two nickel atoms and ... «International Business Times AU, Cze 15»
Boron-based atomic clusters mimic rare-earth metals
Early research into superatom clusters found that certain atoms or atomic combinations tended to cluster into particular numbers, known as magic numbers. «Phys.Org, Kwi 15»
Superatom mimics for rare earth elements
Researchers in the US believe they may be able to create mimics of rare earth elements by making new 'superatoms' composed of atomic clusters of other ... «Royal Society of Chemistry, Kwi 15»
Aluminum "superatoms" hint at a new type of superconducting …
Specifically, they found out that while single atoms of aluminum only turn superconductive at very low temperatures (around 1 K), so-called "superatoms" ... «Gizmag, Lut 15»
Superatomic nickel core and unusual molecular reactivity
A superatom is a combination of two or more atoms that form a stable structural fragment and possess unique physical and chemical properties. Systems that ... «Phys.Org, Lut 15»
Warming up the world of superconductors
Superatoms actually behave in some ways like a giant atom. Electrons flow inside them in a predictable shell structure, as if in a single atom's electron cloud. «Phys.Org, Lut 15»
These superconductors are just getting warmed up
A team led by Vitaly Kresin, professor of physics at the USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, found that aluminum “superatoms” — homogenous ... «USC News, Lut 15»
Buckybowls for molecular circuits
The study has just been published in Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics ("Buckybowl superatom states: a unique route for electron transport?"). «Nanowerk, Lut 15»
Physicists create superatom
The atoms are therefore connected with each other and constitute a single object – a superatom – with a hundred times enhanced excitation probability as ... «Nanowerk, Sty 15»
Atomos Samurai Blade – new affordble disk recorder with 720p IPS …
“Blade introduces the SuperAtom IPS screen – super sharp, super bright, super blacks – right down to the last atom. At 325 dpi and a million pixels, this screen is ... «cinema5D news, Lip 14»