ЧТО ОЗНАЧАЕТ СЛОВО PARALLEL IMPORTING
Параллельный импорт
Параллельный импорт - это не поддельный продукт, импортированный из другой страны без разрешения владельца интеллектуальной собственности. Параллельный импорт часто называют серовым продуктом и связан с проблемами международной торговли и интеллектуальной собственности. Параллельный импорт основан на концепции исчерпания прав интеллектуальной собственности: согласно этой концепции, когда продукт впервые запускается на рынке в конкретной юрисдикции, параллельный импорт разрешен всем жителям этого государства. Некоторые страны этого допускают, другие - нет. Параллельный импорт фармацевтических препаратов снижает цены на фармацевтические препараты путем введения конкуренции; Соглашение ТРИПС в статье 6 гласит, что эта практика не может быть оспорена в рамках системы урегулирования споров ВТО, и поэтому она фактически является предметом национального усмотрения. Практика параллельного импорта часто пропагандируется в случае программного обеспечения, музыки, печатных текстов и электронных продуктов и происходит по нескольким причинам: ▪ Различные версии продукта выпускаются для продажи на разных рынках. Например.
Значение слова parallel importing в словаре английский языка
Определение параллельного импорта в словаре - это импорт определенных товаров, например, фармацевтических препаратов, дилерами, которые недооценивают местных производителей.
КНИГИ НА АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫКЕ, ИМЕЮЩЕЕ ОТНОШЕНИЕ К СЛОВУ «PARALLEL IMPORTING»
Поиск случаев использования слова
parallel importing в следующих библиографических источниках. Книги, относящиеся к слову
parallel importing, и краткие выдержки из этих книг для получения представления о контексте использования этого слова в литературе на английский языке.
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Traditions of Writing Research
Table 22.2 Student questions choosing the [apprize] option seeking to define and
explain parallel importing Phase turn Questions 1 16 What's parallel importing? 1
96 How does it (= parallel importing) protect local industry? 1 103 Why does ...
CHARLES BAZERMAN, Robert Krut, KAREN LUNSFORD,
2010
2
Vertical Price Control and
Parallel Imports: Theory and Evidence
We explore this simple logic of parallel trade in a two-country model, and show
how in equilibrium the manufacturer balances the tradeoff between achieving
efficient vertical pricing and preventing parallel importing. Without legal restriction
on ...
Keith Eugene Maskus, Yongmin Chen,
2000
3
Parallel Trade in Europe: Intellectual Property, Competition ...
In the United Kingdom this results in the grant of a Product Licence (Parallel
Importing) or PL(PI).119 However, not all Member States did so immediately. For
instance, years later the Commission was still taking action against France120
and ...
Christopher Stothers,
2007
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Promoting Competition in Global Markets: A Multi-national ...
The examples relating to parallel importing and producer boards have recently
emerged in the context of globalizing markets and illustrate the benefits of
viewing them within an integrated policy framework. The New Zealand
Government is ...
Peter John Lloyd, Kerrin M. Vautier,
1999
5
Legal Aspects of HIV/AIDS: A Guide for Policy and Law Reform
Legal and Policy Considerations If drugs that the patent holder has placed on the
market in market A are imported into market B without the consent of the patent
holder, this is referred to as “parallel importing.” It is important to note that this ...
6
Framing Piracy: Globalization and Film Distribution in ...
Parallel importers also take a pro-consumer stand with arguments of selection,
price, efficiency, diversity, access, and better supply that parallel importing can
provide. The new parallel import ban has no doubt caused much resistance from
...
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Pharmaceutical, Biotechnology and Chemical Inventions: World ...
India Bolar exemption 52.4.01 exhaustion ofrights 54.4.01, 54.4.02 experimental
use 51.4.01, 51.04.02 non-infringement declarations 55401455408 parallel
importing 54.4.01, 54.4.02 prior secret use 50401450406 Italy Bolarexemption ...
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Australian Intellectual Property Law
It seems to make no difference to the legality of parallel importing that the
Australian distributor is an exclusive licensee of the trade mark owner. However,
in such circumstances, if the trade mark owner sold its goods to the importer with
the ...
Mark J. Davison, Ann L. Monotti, Leanne Wiseman,
2011
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South Asian Yearbook of Trade and Development: Harnessing ...
These extended timeframe is not applicable for the national treatment and most
favoured nation obligations in TRIPS Articles 3 and 4.7 In the context of
pharmaceuticals, parallel importing occurs where drugs that have been
legitimately sold in ...
B. S. Chimni, Centre for Trade and Development New Delhi,
2009
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The American Century?: In Retrospect and Prospect
maintain the ban on parallel importing. As a courtesy, he made a copy available
to the New Zealand embassy. Ambassador McLean's report to Wellington was
terse: "The U.S. Trade Representative emphasized that we should expect the ...
Roberto Giorgio Rabel,
2002
НОВОСТИ, В КОТОРЫХ ВСТРЕЧАЕТСЯ ТЕРМИН «PARALLEL IMPORTING»
Здесь показано, как национальная и международная пресса использует термин
parallel importing в контексте приведенных ниже новостных статей.
Would TPP allow a ban on foreign home buyers? Groser speaks
TPP opponents, from Trade Me to InternetNZ to Douglas Pharmaceuticals, fear the TPP's impact in areas like parallel importing, copyright law ... «The National Business Review, Июл 15»
2 Cheap Cars moves vehicle finance business
The parallel importing of selected models of Japanese cars will provide savings of up to $10,000 on these vehicles for New Zealand buyers. «Scoop.co.nz, Июл 15»
Adelaide sports shop owners fight ASICS after supply is cut off …
"The Government is doing reviews like the Harper review and the Senate has been working on parallel importing laws, and if these sporting ... «ABC Online, Июл 15»
2 Cheap Cars shaking up motor industry with cheap parallel imports …
Parallel importing was not illegal but had not been done before with cars, he said. The scale of its used car buying operation in Japan allowed ... «The Dominion Post, Июн 15»
TPP in peril after Obama suffers fast-track authority setback
... of the TPP — who see it the negotiated-in-secret treaty as a danger to sovereignty, and a threat to everything from parallel importing to cheap ... «The National Business Review, Июн 15»
One week, three lessons for pharma
Russia approved an approach of "parallel importing" for medications. Stated simply, that means if a medication sells, say, for $100 a pill in the ... «Philly.com, Май 15»
Merger creates biggest supplier of unlicensed drugs
Businesses may sell via the grey market through parallel importing – buying drugs in one country and selling them in another. 'This is not a very ... «Royal Society of Chemistry, Май 15»
Why Global Mode challenge should fail
As we've seen with parallel importing, consumers benefit through more choice and better prices. It's the same online, with consumers using ... «New Zealand Herald, Май 15»
Parallel importers of medicines can re-brand...for now - Speciality …
Whilst the 20mg was still in patent, Doncaster had had a good business in parallel importing it and over-stickering with the generic name only. «Lexology, Апр 15»
Let downloads roam free, says ACCC
Noting its prior calls for “all restrictions on parallel importing to be lifted”, the ACCC's submission concedes that as it stands, the proposed bill ... «The Register, Апр 15»