ЧТО ОЗНАЧАЕТ СЛОВО VIRUS
Вирус
Вирус - это небольшой инфекционный агент, который реплицируется только внутри живых клеток других организмов. Вирусы могут заражать все типы форм жизни, от животных и растений до бактерий и археи. Поскольку статья 1892 года Дмитрия Ивановского, описывающая небактериальный патоген, инфицирующий табачные растения, и обнаружение вируса табачной мозаики Мартинусом Бейеринком в 1898 году, было подробно описано около 5000 вирусов, хотя существуют миллионы разных типов. Вирусы встречаются почти во всех экосистемах Земли и являются наиболее распространенным типом биологической сущности. Изучение вирусов известно как вирусология, суб-специальность микробиологии. Вирусные частицы (известные как вирионы) состоят из двух или трех частей: i) генетического материала, полученного из ДНК или РНК, длинных молекул, несущих генетическую информацию; ii) белковое покрытие, защищающее эти гены; и в некоторых случаях iii) оболочку липидов, которая окружает белковое покрытие, когда они находятся вне клетки. Формы вирусов варьируются от простых спиральных и икосаэдрических форм до более сложных структур. Средний вирус составляет примерно одну сотую величину средней бактерии.
Значение слова virus в словаре английский языка
Первым определением вируса в словаре является любая группа субмикроскопических объектов, состоящих из одной цепи нуклеиновой кислоты, окруженной белковым слоем и способной к репликации только внутри клеток живых организмов: многие из них являются патогенными. Другое определение вируса - это заболевание, вызванное вирусом. Вирус также оказывает какое-либо повреждающее или заражающее влияние.
ЦИТАТЫ СО СЛОВОМ «VIRUS»
Известные цитаты и высказывания со словом
virus.
Dance music is like a virus: it has affected so many different genres.
The virus that causes AIDS is the trickiest pathogen scientists have ever confronted. It mutates furiously, it has decoys to evade the immune system, it attacks the very cells that are trying to fight it, and it quickly hides itself in your genome.
Natural selection shaped the human brain to be drawn toward aspects of nature that enhance our survival and reproduction, like verdant landscapes and docile creatures. There is no payoff to getting the warm fuzzies in the presence of rats, snakes, mosquitoes, cockroaches, herpes simplex and the rabies virus.
With the absence of a flu vaccination last year, I did not take a flu shot; but there is still some immunity that carries over from year to year; but about every 30 years, there is a major change in the genetics of the flu virus.
Changes... can only be effected by alterations in the original. The only thing not prerecorded in a prerecorded universe are the prerecordings themselves. The copies can only repeat themselves word for word. A virus is a copy. You can pretty it up, cut it up, scramble it - it will reassemble in the same form.
The unique nature about the influenza virus is its great potential for changes, for mutation.
A virus is not just DNA; a virus is also packaged up, covered over with a series of proteins in a nice, elegant, well-compacted form.
If an employee told you he had the flu, you'd send him home. If an employee told you he was feeling anxious, you'd probably tell him to get back to work. But the emotion is just as contagious as a flu virus.
It turns out that viruses evolve from each other, like everything else. So if you look at the evolutionary tree of viruses, you can find parts of their genome that haven't changed over evolutionary time. You can recognize what may be a new virus by identifying this little piece of their genome that hasn't changed and is represented on the chip.
I'm actually pretty scientifically interested. I have a lot of friends who are doctors, so the idea of the virus and the synapses in the brain and how the nervous system works was actually all pretty familiar to me.
КНИГИ НА АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫКЕ, ИМЕЮЩЕЕ ОТНОШЕНИЕ К СЛОВУ «VIRUS»
Поиск случаев использования слова
virus в следующих библиографических источниках. Книги, относящиеся к слову
virus, и краткие выдержки из этих книг для получения представления о контексте использования этого слова в литературе на английский языке.
1
The Panic
Virus: The True Story Behind the Vaccine-Autism ...
A searing account of how vaccine opponents have used the media to spread their message of panic, despite no scientific evidence to support them.
2
Virus of the Mind: The New Science of the Meme
In Virus of the Mind, Richard Brodie carefully builds on the work of scientists Richard Dawkins, Douglas Hofstadter, Daniel Dennett, and others who have become fascinated with memes and their potential impact on our lives.
Doctors investigating the outbreak of an unknown disorder discover a connection between the deadly epidemic and computers
4
Virus Taxonomy: Classification and Nomenclature of Viruses : ...
Representing the work of more than 500 virologists worldwide, this report is the authoritative reference for virus organization, distinction, and structure.
Andrew M.Q. King, Michael J. Adams, Elliot J. Lefkowitz,
2012
5
Inventing the AIDS
Virus
Investigates the political and financial forces that have shaped AIDS research, including the growing dissension within scientific ranks, the power politics among virologists, and other controversial issues
In Virus, every aspect of Penna's life is controlled for her: a computer programme tells her when to get up, eat, sleep.
When a deadly superflu is unleashed on the world, scientist James Logan must confront a desperate terrorist, armed government agents, and Virus Thirteen to save his wife and the world.
8
West Nile
Virus: Overview and Abstracts
Carefully selected abstracts of virus-related literature follow as do accessible author, title, and subject indexes. For the study of the West Nile Virus, this book is a valuable resource.
9
Virus Taxonomy: VIIIth Report of the International Committee ...
This is the standard and definitive reference for virus taxonomy, generated by the ICTV approximately every 3 years.
Claude M. Fauquet, M.A. Mayo, J. Maniloff,
2005
Including the technical description of four basic virus types found on IBM PCs and compatibles, along with programs to detect these viruses and programs to remove them, this book enables readers to learn how to protect a computer system ...
НОВОСТИ, В КОТОРЫХ ВСТРЕЧАЕТСЯ ТЕРМИН «VIRUS»
Здесь показано, как национальная и международная пресса использует термин
virus в контексте приведенных ниже новостных статей.
#theBrief: Why Isn't There a Vaccine for the MERS Virus?
MERS is a virus similar to SARS, and easily confused with the flu or common cold. It's also highly contagious.The disease was first identified in Saudi Arabia in ... «TIME, Июн 15»
'Shopping' for hospitals may have spread deadly MERS virus
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Liberia Nearly Ebola-Free, But Could the Virus Come Back?
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New York doctor diagnosed with Ebola now cleared of virus
Cleared of the virus, Spencer no longer poses a public health risk and is due to ... Thomas Eric Duncan, the first person to be diagnosed with the virus in the US ... «The Guardian, Ноя 14»
How long does the ebola virus live on a surface?
The New York Times published an interesting piece on Ebola facts and how many have been treated for the deadly virus outside of Africa, including who has ... «AOL News, Окт 14»
Dallas nurse Nina Pham cleared of Ebola virus, released from hospital
A Dallas-area nurse infected by the Ebola virus, and who sparked a nationwide search for other possible infections, was declared free of the virus and released ... «Fox News, Окт 14»
Ebola Study Projects Spread of Virus on Overseas Flights
The upshot is “that controlling the outbreak at the source is the most important thing that needs to happen” to prevent the international spread of the virus, said ... «Wall Street Journal, Окт 14»
Ebola crisis: Spanish health workers attack poor training for …
Spanish health professionals have taken aim at the scant amount of training offered to those on the frontline fighting the Ebola virus as the investigation ... «The Guardian, Окт 14»
Ebola patient Thomas Duncan may have spread virus, NIH expert says
Although he believes Ebola is contained in Texas, where Liberian man Thomas Eric Duncan first showed symptoms of the virus after traveling to the U.S., ... «CBS News, Окт 14»
How the Ebola virus spreads
But the first thing you should know is that it's not very contagious -- "Common sense and observation tell us that spread of the virus via coughing or sneezing is ... «CNN, Окт 14»