与 «PRIOR PROBABILITY»相关的英语书籍
在以下的参考文献中发现
prior probability的用法。与
prior probability相关的书籍以及同一来源的简短摘要提供其在 英语文献中的使用情境。
1
Introduction to Epidemiology
Rare diseases require a more specific test in order to be clinically useful.8 The
prevalence of disease in specific individuals is referred to as the prior probability.
It is the probability of having a disease prior to the diagnostic test. It is influenced
...
2
Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Preventive Medicine
The probability (prior probability) is low in this child because the prevalence of
malaria is so low in the population. For a child with fever in a refugee population
in Zaire, the probability (prior probability) of malaria might be high because
malaria ...
3
Experimental Design and Data Analysis for Biologists
Equation 2.16 can be re-expressed more simply as: posterior probability *
likelihood x prior probability (2.17) because the denominator in Equation 2.15, P(
data), is a normalizing constant, the mean of the likelihood function (Ellison 1996)
.
Gerald Peter Quinn, Michael J. Keough, 2002
4
Probability, Statistical Optics, and Data Testing: A Problem ...
It is the latter quest which ultimately requires use of Bayes' rule and, hence, the
prior probability on the unknown p. To avoid such cumbersome notation as P(p),
let p = x. (16.4) What (16.3) requires then, is p(x\m). the probability density on x ...
5
An Introduction to Statistical Methods and Data Analysis
We now have to make use of Bayes' Formula to compute PPV. , sens * prior PPV
sens * prior (1 spec) * (1 prior) where “sens” is the sensitivity of the test, “spec” is
the specificity of the test, and “prior” is the prior probability that an athlete is a ...
R. Ott, Micheal Longnecker, 2008
6
Logic,
Probability and Science
I suppose that the reasoning might run as follows: The Bayesian's inference
begins with an assignment of prior probability to H given e. When e is learned the
new probability for H is then taken as the prior probability of H given e, ...
Niall Shanks, Robert B. Gardner, 2000
7
Frequency and the Emergence of Linguistic Structure
The simplest measure of word probability is called the prior probability. The prior
probability of a word is the probability without considering any contextual factors (
'prior' to seeing any other information). The prior probability is usually estimated ...
Joan L. Bybee, Paul Hopper, 2001
Specificity (negative in health) = 168 / 200 = 84%. suit is positive, then the
posterior probability of the disease is determined as follows: Posterior Probability
(positive result) _ Prior Probability X Sensitivity The posterior probability of a
disease, ...
Robert M. Wachter, Lee Goldman (MD.), Harry Hollander, 2005
9
Probability: A Philosophical Introduction
This work presents the basic concepts of probability to philosophy students who are new to this area of the subject.
10
Probability Theory: The Logic of Science
And again the distinction is conventional, not fundamental; one man's prior
probability is another man's posterior probability. There is really only one kind of
probability; our different names for them refer only to a particular way of
organizing a ...
E. T. Jaynes, G. Larry Bretthorst, 2003
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Rethinking Fast and Slow
Mulder, M. J., Wagenmakers, E.-J., Ratcliff, R., Boekel, W. & Forstmann, B. U. Bias in the brain: a diffusion model analysis of prior probability ... «h+ Magazine, 七月 15»
Expert predictions of the outcome in King vs. Burwell
... legal experts to get their personally-assessed prior probability that the King plaintiffs challenging ACA subsidies would actually win this case. «The Reality-Based Community, 六月 15»
GPs to refer more patients with low-risk cancer symptoms under new …
When any person arrives in the surgery they have a baseline risk of cancer – prior probability – according to features such as age, gender, ... «Pulse, 六月 15»
The P-Value Is a Hoax, But Here?s How to Fix It
Then, simply look at the results, combine them with your prior probability, and come out with an after-the-fact, or posterior probability. How do ... «MedPage Today, 六月 15»
What Got Us Here Won't Get Us There: Failure Modes on the Way to …
prior probability of any individual cooperating with any other is the same. Even then, stochastic variations allow reciprocal binary relationships ... «Practical Ethics, 六月 15»
Detecting the influence of rare stressors on rare species in Yosemite …
... or by other approaches to prevent over-fitting (e.g., insisting on smoothness, introducing a prior probability distribution for parameters, limiting ... «Nature.com, 六月 15»
We May be Systematically Underestimating the Probability of …
... to inflate our prior probability estimates of annihilation, whatever they happen to be. The lesson here is ultimately the same as the Doomsday ... «Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies, 五月 15»
Comprehensive genome-wide evaluation of lapatinib-induced liver …
... and for a subset of 44 000 tests conducted in the exome (Supplementary Figure 5), where our prior probability of causal variant discovery is ... «Nature.com, 五月 15»
ARUP Takes on BRCA Variant Classification by Launching …
Tavtigian's in silico method starts with establishing a prior probability that a particular sequence variant is neutral or pathogenic in terms of risk, ... «GenomeWeb, 五月 15»
Meta-analysis of incidence rate data in the presence of zero events
The Bayesian approach comes at a cost, however, and that is the need to specify prior probability distributions for the unknown parameters (a ... «BMC Blogs Network, 四月 15»
