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在"英语"词典里reciprocity failure}的意思

词典
词典
section

英语中RECIPROCITY FAILURE的发音

reciprocity failure play
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RECIPROCITY FAILURE的语法类别

noun
形容词
动词
副词
代词
介词
连词
限定词
感叹词

RECIPROCITY FAILURE在英语中的意思是什么?

点击查看«reciprocity failure»在英语词典里的原始定义
点击查看在中文词典里此定义的自动翻译

互惠(摄影)

Reciprocity (photography)

在摄影互惠中,决定光敏材料反应的光强度和持续时间之间的反比关系。 在电影股票的正常曝光范围内,例如,互惠定律规定,影片响应将由总曝光量确定,定义为强度×时间。 因此,相同的响应可以由减少持续时间和增加光强度而产生,反之亦然。 在大多数感光度中假定互惠关系,例如当测量照相乳剂的Hurter和Driffield曲线时。 以毫秒秒为单位测量胶片或传感器的总曝光量,焦平面照度乘以曝光时间的乘积。 In photography reciprocity is the inverse relationship between the intensity and duration of light that determines the reaction of light-sensitive material. Within a normal exposure range for film stock, for example, the reciprocity law states that the film response will be determined by the total exposure, defined as intensity × time. Therefore, the same response can result from reducing duration and increasing light intensity, and vice versa. The reciprocal relationship is assumed in most sensitometry, for example when measuring a Hurter and Driffield curve for a photographic emulsion. Total exposure of the film or sensor, the product of focal-plane illuminance times exposure time, is measured in lux seconds.

在英语 词典里reciprocity failure的定义

字典中互易失败的定义是两个暴露变量(光强度和暴露时间)的失败,以非常高或非常低的价值以相反的方式表现。

The definition of reciprocity failure in the dictionary is a failure of the two exposure variables, light intensity and exposure time, to behave in a reciprocal fashion at very high or very low values.

点击查看«reciprocity failure»在英语词典里的原始定义
点击查看在中文词典里此定义的自动翻译

RECIPROCITY FAILURE一样开头的英语单词

recipe
recipe book
recipience
recipient
reciprocal
reciprocality
reciprocally
reciprocant
reciprocate
reciprocating engine
reciprocation
reciprocative
reciprocator
reciprocatory
reciprocitities
reciprocity
recircle
recirculate
recirculation
recision

RECIPROCITY FAILURE一样开头的英语单词

allure
alure
cannelure
chevelure
craquelure
crop failure
doublure
electrical failure
encolure
engine failure
failure
heart failure
kidney failure
lure
power failure
renal failure
respiratory failure
soilure
tubulure
velure

英语近义词词典里reciprocity failure的近义词和反义词

近义词

«reciprocity failure»的25种语言翻译

翻译者
online translator

RECIPROCITY FAILURE的翻译

通过我们的英语多语言翻译器,找到reciprocity failure25种语言翻译
该章节所呈现的将reciprocity failure由 英语向其他语言的翻译是通过自动统计翻译获得的;在英语中基本的翻译单位是单词«reciprocity failure»。

翻译者英语 - 中文

倒易律失效
1,325 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 西班牙语

fracaso reciprocidad
570 数百万发言者

英语

reciprocity failure
510 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 印地语

पारस्परिकता विफलता
380 数百万发言者
ar

翻译者英语 - 阿拉伯语

فشل المعاملة بالمثل
280 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 俄语

невзаимозаместимости
278 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 葡萄牙语

a falha de reciprocidade
270 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 孟加拉语

পারস্পরিক ব্যর্থতা
260 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 法语

l´échec de la réciprocité
220 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 马来语

Kegagalan timbal balas
190 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 德语

Reziprozitätsversagen
180 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 日语

相反則不軌
130 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 韩语

상호 실패
85 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 印尼爪哇语

Timbal balik gagal
85 数百万发言者
vi

翻译者英语 - 越南语

có đi có lại thất bại
80 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 泰米尔语

மறுபிரதி தோல்வி
75 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 马拉地语

परस्परविरोधी अपयश
75 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 土耳其语

Karşılıklılık arızası
70 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 意大利语

fallimento di reciprocità
65 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 波兰语

awaria wzajemność
50 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 乌克兰语

Невзаїмозаместімості
40 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 罗马尼亚语

eșec reciprocitate
30 数百万发言者
el

翻译者英语 - 希腊语

αποτυχία της αμοιβαιότητας
15 数百万发言者
af

翻译者英语 - 布尔语(南非荷兰语)

wederkerigheid mislukking
14 数百万发言者
sv

翻译者英语 - 瑞典语

reciprocitet misslyckande
10 数百万发言者
no

翻译者英语 - 挪威语

gjensidighet svikt
5 数百万发言者

reciprocity failure的使用趋势

趋势

词语 «RECIPROCITY FAILURE»的使用趋势

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reciprocity failure的主要搜索趋势和常见用法
用户为查找我们的英语在线词典以及单词«reciprocity failure»的最常用表达而进行的主要搜索的列表。

词语«RECIPROCITY FAILURE» 随时间而变化的使用频率

该图表展现了单词«reciprocity failure»在过去500年中的用法频率的每年演化其实施是基于分析词语«reciprocity failure»从1500年到现在在 英语数字出版物中出现的频率。

reciprocity failure的英语文献、引用和新闻中的使用范例

示例

«RECIPROCITY FAILURE»相关的英语书籍

在以下的参考文献中发现reciprocity failure的用法。与reciprocity failure相关的书籍以及同一来源的简短摘要提供其在 英语文献中的使用情境。
1
Photography: The Concise Guide
This is called reciprocity failure and requires exposure corrections. When working at long exposure times, the camera must be stabilized to avoid image blurring. Low light photography is easier on digital cameras because you can see the ...
Bruce Warren, 2011
2
Photography
The reciprocity law tpages 31-32t may no longer apply. This is called reciprocity failure and requires exposure cortections. When working at long exposure times the camera must be stabilized to avoid image blurting. Exposures of 1 second or  ...
Bruce Warren, 2001
3
Silver-halide recording materials for holography and their ...
6.1.2 Reciprocity Failure For the Q-switched operation laser energy is released during that very short time producing very high output peak power. For a 10 J pulse (20 ns) the peak power is 500 MW. Such high power is certainly desirable ...
Hans I. Bjelkhagen, 1995
4
Astrophotography for the Amateur
Pushing does not affect reciprocity failure. Star fields tend to have a bluish background, and emission nebulae come out ruby-red. This film is, however, not as sensitive to blue reflection nebulae as the competing Fuji films. Elite Chrome 1 00 is ...
Michael A. Covington, 1999
5
Basic Photographic Materials and Processes
Reciprocity failure with some color materials can cause a change in color balance, as well as a loss in density. decreased, the exposure time increased, and the development remained the same. Noticeable reciprocity failure with printing ...
Leslie D. Stroebel, Richard D. Zakia, 2009
6
Basic Photographic Materials and Processes
Reciprocity failure with some color materials can cause a change in color balance, as well as a loss in density. decreased, the exposure time increased, and the development remained the same. Noticeable reciprocity failure with printing ...
Nanette L. Salvaggio, 2014
7
Ultra-Realistic Imaging: Advanced Techniques in Analogue and ...
However, short exposure times are associated with the problem of reciprocity failure or more precisely, the failure of the reciprocity law. In general, the exposure H of the photographic material is given by Equation 4.4. The reciprocity law was ...
Hans Bjelkhagen, David Brotherton-Ratcliffe, 2013
8
Night Photography: Finding Your Way in the Dark
To make matters worse, the rate of reciprocity failure accelerates as exposures get longer, necessitating still more exposure, which in turn reduces the film's sensitivity, which in turn requires more exposure. Worse still, reciprocity failure is not ...
Lance Keimig, 2012
9
Railway Photography
Another problem with reciprocity failure is many films experience a significant color shift with long exposures. Manufacturers provide data on reciprocity failure, indicating the amount of exposure increase required in different circumstances, ...
Brian Solomon, John E. Gruber, 2003
10
Popular Photography
Y fects and how do you deal with them? We'll answer both questions a bit later on . But first, let's find out what actually causes reciprocity failure. What causes reciprocity failure? The basic cause of reciprocity failure is that the rate at which light ...

包含词语«RECIPROCITY FAILURE»的新条目

找出国内和国际出版社所讨论的内容,以及词语reciprocity failure在以下新条目的上下文中是如何使用的。
1
Five Tips on Getting Better Pinhole Photos
... important issue with regard to long exposure time and film, which is reciprocity failure. ... or just shoot fuji acros and don't worry about reciprocity failure at all. «The Phoblographer, 四月 15»
2
Ultra-Long-Exposure Photographs of Landscapes and Seascapes …
Perhaps the lengthy exposure is due to reciprocity failure. The blue tint to these images is also suggestive, since reciprocity failure is different for each color layer ... «PetaPixel, 二月 15»
3
Nikon Coolpix L810 Review
If everyone wanted to get involved with reciprocity failure or the circle of confusion, there would be no need for the L series of cameras from Nikon. L stands for ... «PhotographyBLOG, 八月 12»

参考文献
« EDUCALINGO. Reciprocity failure [在线]. 可用 <https://educalingo.com/zh/dic-en/reciprocity-failure>. 五月 2024 ».
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