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在"英语"词典里tactical voting}的意思

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英语中TACTICAL VOTING的发音

tactical voting play
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TACTICAL VOTING的语法类别

noun
形容词
动词
副词
代词
介词
连词
限定词
感叹词

TACTICAL VOTING在英语中的意思是什么?

点击查看«tactical voting»在英语词典里的原始定义
点击查看在中文词典里此定义的自动翻译

战术投票

Tactical voting

在投票制度中,在选举中,除了两个以上的候选人之外,当选民支持除了他或她的真诚偏好之外的候选人以防止不良结果时,就进行了战术投票。 Gibbard-Satterthwaite定理已经表明,如果选择几种选项之一的投票方法是完全无战略的,那么它必须是独裁或非确定性的。 例如,随机选票投票方法随机选择一个选民的投票并用于确定结果,是无策略的,但是如果多次使用同一组选票,可能会导致选择不同的选择。 例如,在简单的多次选举中,选民有时可以通过投票选择不太优先但更普遍的候选人获得“更好”的结果。 然而,战术投票的类型,以及影响运动的性质和选举结果的程度,从一个投票制到另一个投票制都有很大差异。 In voting systems, tactical voting occurs, in elections with more than two candidates, when a voter supports a candidate other than his or her sincere preference in order to prevent an undesirable outcome. It has been shown by the Gibbard–Satterthwaite theorem that, if a voting method for choosing one of several options is completely strategy-free, then it must be either dictatorial or nondeterministic. For instance, the random ballot voting method, which randomly selects the ballot of a single voter and uses this to determine the outcome, is strategy-free, but may result in different choices being selected if applied multiple times to the same set of ballots. For example, in a simple plurality election, a voter might sometimes gain a "better" outcome by voting for a less preferred but more generally popular candidate. However, the type of tactical voting and the extent to which it affects the character of the campaign and the results of the election vary dramatically from one voting system to another.

在英语 词典里tactical voting的定义

字典中的战术投票的定义是投票不是为了自己选择的一方,而是为了打败最有可能的胜利者的第二强的竞争者。

The definition of tactical voting in the dictionary is the practice of casting one's vote not for the party of one's choice but for the second strongest contender in order to defeat the likeliest winner.

点击查看«tactical voting»在英语词典里的原始定义
点击查看在中文词典里此定义的自动翻译

TACTICAL VOTING一样开头的英语单词

tact
tactful
tactfully
tactfulness
tactic
tactical
tactically
tactician
tacticity
tactics
tactile
tactilely
tactilist
tactility
taction
tactless
tactlessly
tactlessness
tactual
tactuality

TACTICAL VOTING一样开头的英语单词

absentee voting
accounting
balloting
clay-pigeon shooting
doting
drive-by shooting
duck shooting
e-voting
footing
gun-toting
looting
nonvoting
piloting
rioting
sharpshooting
shooting
skeet shooting
troubleshooting
voting
wainscoting
war footing

英语近义词词典里tactical voting的近义词和反义词

近义词

«tactical voting»的25种语言翻译

翻译者
online translator

TACTICAL VOTING的翻译

通过我们的英语多语言翻译器,找到tactical voting25种语言翻译
该章节所呈现的将tactical voting由 英语向其他语言的翻译是通过自动统计翻译获得的;在英语中基本的翻译单位是单词«tactical voting»。

翻译者英语 - 中文

战术投票
1,325 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 西班牙语

voto táctico
570 数百万发言者

英语

tactical voting
510 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 印地语

सामरिक मतदान
380 数百万发言者
ar

翻译者英语 - 阿拉伯语

التصويت التكتيكي
280 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 俄语

тактический голосования
278 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 葡萄牙语

voto táctico
270 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 孟加拉语

কৌশলগত ভোটদান
260 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 法语

vote tactique
220 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 马来语

Pengundian taktikal
190 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 德语

taktische Abstimmung
180 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 日语

戦術的投票
130 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 韩语

전술 투표
85 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 印尼爪哇语

Pilihan taktik
85 数百万发言者
vi

翻译者英语 - 越南语

bỏ phiếu chiến thuật
80 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 泰米尔语

தந்திரோபாய வாக்கு
75 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 马拉地语

रणनीतिकखेळ मतदान
75 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 土耳其语

Taktiksel oylama
70 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 意大利语

voto tattico
65 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 波兰语

głosowanie taktyczne
50 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 乌克兰语

тактичний голосування
40 数百万发言者

翻译者英语 - 罗马尼亚语

vot tactic
30 数百万发言者
el

翻译者英语 - 希腊语

τακτικής ψήφου
15 数百万发言者
af

翻译者英语 - 布尔语(南非荷兰语)

taktiese stem
14 数百万发言者
sv

翻译者英语 - 瑞典语

taktisk röstning
10 数百万发言者
no

翻译者英语 - 挪威语

taktisk stemmegivning
5 数百万发言者

tactical voting的使用趋势

趋势

词语 «TACTICAL VOTING»的使用趋势

0
100%
频率
很少使用
30
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此处所显示的地图给出了词语«tactical voting»在不同国家的使用频率。
tactical voting的主要搜索趋势和常见用法
用户为查找我们的英语在线词典以及单词«tactical voting»的最常用表达而进行的主要搜索的列表。

词语«TACTICAL VOTING» 随时间而变化的使用频率

该图表展现了单词«tactical voting»在过去500年中的用法频率的每年演化其实施是基于分析词语«tactical voting»从1500年到现在在 英语数字出版物中出现的频率。

tactical voting的英语文献、引用和新闻中的使用范例

示例

«TACTICAL VOTING»相关的英语书籍

在以下的参考文献中发现tactical voting的用法。与tactical voting相关的书籍以及同一来源的简短摘要提供其在 英语文献中的使用情境。
1
British Elections and Parties Review
There has been a good deal of comment on the extent of anti-government tactical voting in the 1997 British general election (McKie, 1997; Mawhinney, 1997: Curtice and Park, 1999). Tactical voting in general refers to a situation in which ...
Jonathan Tonge, David Denver, Lynn Bennie, 2001
2
Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Bill: third ...
Transparency: The electoral system should provide as clear as possible a signal of voters' preferences, without distortions such as tactical voting. 1.2 It should be recognised that these criteria may be in conflict and that no electoral system will ...
Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Political and Constitutional Reform Committee, 2010
3
The 1997 General Election
The rise in Labour/Liberal Democrat switching is more than enough to account for the total reported rise in tactical voting between 1992 and 1997. Other kinds of tactical voting did not increase. Indeed anti-Labour tactical switching clearly ...
D. T. Denver, 1998
4
British Elections & Parties Review
In both 1983 and 1987 general elections, tactical voting was not significant in explaining third party voting. Why were the effects of tactical voting reversed between 1979 and 1992? One explanation is that the questions in the two relevant BES ...
Philip Cowley, David Denver, Emeritus Professor of Politics David Denver, 2014
5
The Politics of Electoral Systems
Using survey evidence it was estimated that the number of tactical voters increased slightly to 10 per cent,17 but the pattern changed so that there was some evidence of a 'small rise in anti-Conservative tactical voting' (Evans et al.
Michael Gallagher, Paul Mitchell, 2005
6
Exploring British Politics
Pippa Norris estimated that tactical voting cost the Conservatives 48 seats in 1997. About one in eight electors voted tactically in 2001. Anti-Conservative tactical voting undoubtedly helped Labour and the Liberal Democrats hold on to many of ...
Mark Garnett, Senior Lecturer in Politics and International Relations Mark Garnett, Philip Lynch, 2014
7
Psephology: Voting System, Tactical Voting, Spoiler Effect, ...
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online.
Books, LLC, Source: Wikipedia, 2010
8
Citizenship In Modern Britain
These parties can now be seen as a genuine third force that generates its own impetus and attracts support either from a latent pool of supporters or through the use of tactical voting. Tactical voting occurs when a citizen opts to support a ...
Trevor Desmoyers-Davis, 2003
9
Human Manipulation - A Handbook
There are several sub-types of tactical voting. Here we describe the four most commonly used techniques: - Bullet Vote: Bullet voting happens when a voter votes for just one candidate, even though they have the right to vote for more than one ...
Malcolm Coxall, Guy Caswell, 2013
10
Voting Correctly in Europe
Evidence suggests that one reason behind the 1997 results was an increase in anti-Conservative tactical voting. A significant number of Labour and Liberal Democratic supporters seemed willing to support whichever of the then opposition ...
Eric Hamilton Hines, 2006

包含词语«TACTICAL VOTING»的新条目

找出国内和国际出版社所讨论的内容,以及词语tactical voting在以下新条目的上下文中是如何使用的。
1
Why UKIP Faced A Tactical Voting 'Sucker Punch'
Up to four million people are thought to have voted tactically today and UKIP could be one of the biggest victims, according to a YouGov poll published by The ... «Breitbart News, 五月 15»
2
Tactical voting: Your seat-by-seat guide to kicking Cameron out of …
We believe that the best hope for a fairer country is Labour and in most areas you should vote that way if you agree. But in a few key marginals, it is best to hold ... «mirror.co.uk, 五月 15»
3
How will you vote?
To anybody who disapproves of tactical voting, I reply that the first-past-the-post system forces it upon us. Nobody who voted for first-past-the-post in the 2011 «New Statesman, 五月 15»
4
What if we gave up tactical voting?
That means giving up voting to get a party out of government but to get an MP in. So instead of voting for parties to get rid of the Conservative/ Liberal Democrat ... «Blasting News, 五月 15»
5
General election 2015's guide to tactical voting constituency
Here, JAMES SLACK and IAN DRURY detail the 50 seats in which tactical voting could prevent a Labour/SNP alliance having enough to run Britain — and keep ... «Daily Mail, 五月 15»
6
Forget Tactical Voting: The Strategic Vote Is UKIP
The time for tactical voting (except in one unique circumstance) is over. Reluctantly supporting one legacy party in the hope of blocking an even more loathsome ... «Breitbart News, 五月 15»
7
In Tight UK Election 2015, Some Turn to Tactical Voting
Such developments have the major candidates trying to discourage people from voting tactically, begging supporters via social media to stay in line. «Wall Street Journal, 五月 15»
8
Tactical voters try to make their ballot count
With polls still showing Labour and Conservatives neck and neck, attention is turning to whether tactical voting could help either side gain an advantage in ... «Financial Times, 五月 15»
9
How to vote tactically: a no-guarantees guide to gaming the election
No seat better exemplifies the potential impact of tactical voting than Nick Clegg's constituency of Sheffield Hallam. According to an ICM/Guardian poll, half of ... «The Guardian, 五月 15»
10
General Election 2015: The tactical voting guide: How to make your …
Welcome to tactical voting, a necessary evil of the current first-past-the-post system, where voters vote against what they do not want rather than in favour of what ... «The Independent, 五月 15»

参考文献
« EDUCALINGO. Tactical voting [在线]. 可用 <https://educalingo.com/zh/dic-en/tactical-voting>. 五月 2024 ».
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