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Meaning of "charmonia" in the English dictionary

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DICTIONARY
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PRONUNCIATION OF CHARMONIA

charmonia play
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GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF CHARMONIA

noun
adjective
verb
adverb
pronoun
preposition
conjunction
determiner
exclamation
Charmonia is a noun.
A noun is a type of word the meaning of which determines reality. Nouns provide the names for all things: people, objects, sensations, feelings, etc.

WHAT DOES CHARMONIA MEAN IN ENGLISH?

Quarkonium

In particle physics, quarkonium designates a flavorless meson whose constituents are a quark and its own antiquark. Examples of quarkonia are the J/ψ meson and the ϒ meson. Because of the high mass of the top quark, toponium does not exist, since the top quark decays through the electroweak interaction before a bound state can form. Usually quarkonium refers only to charmonium and bottomonium, and not to any of the lighter quark–antiquark states. This usage is because the lighter quarks are much less massive than the heavier quarks, and so the physical states actually seen in experiments are quantum mechanical mixtures of the light quark states. The much larger mass differences between the charm and bottom quarks and the lighter quarks results in states that are well defined in terms of a quark–antiquark pair of a given flavor.

WORDS THAT BEGIN LIKE CHARMONIA

charm
charm bracelet
charm offensive
charm school
charmed
charmed circle
charmer
Charmeuse
charmful
Charminar
charming
charmingly
charmless
charmlessly
charmonium
charneco
charnel
charnel house

WORDS THAT END LIKE CHARMONIA

Amazonia
ammonia
bronchopneumonia
Caledonia
Catalonia
double pneumonia
Estonia
eudaemonia
eudemonia
household ammonia
Livonia
Macedonia
New Caledonia
Patagonia
pleuropneumonia
pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
pneumonia
sinfonia
spirits of ammonia
zirconia

Synonyms and antonyms of charmonia in the English dictionary of synonyms

SYNONYMS

Translation of «charmonia» into 25 languages

TRANSLATOR
online translator

TRANSLATION OF CHARMONIA

Find out the translation of charmonia to 25 languages with our English multilingual translator.
The translations of charmonia from English to other languages presented in this section have been obtained through automatic statistical translation; where the essential translation unit is the word «charmonia» in English.

Translator English - Chinese

charmonia
1,325 millions of speakers

Translator English - Spanish

charmonia
570 millions of speakers

English

charmonia
510 millions of speakers

Translator English - Hindi

charmonia
380 millions of speakers
ar

Translator English - Arabic

charmonia
280 millions of speakers

Translator English - Russian

чармония
278 millions of speakers

Translator English - Portuguese

charmonia
270 millions of speakers

Translator English - Bengali

charmonia
260 millions of speakers

Translator English - French

charmonia
220 millions of speakers

Translator English - Malay

Charmonia
190 millions of speakers

Translator English - German

Charmonia
180 millions of speakers

Translator English - Japanese

charmonia
130 millions of speakers

Translator English - Korean

charmonia
85 millions of speakers

Translator English - Javanese

Charmonia
85 millions of speakers
vi

Translator English - Vietnamese

charmonia
80 millions of speakers

Translator English - Tamil

charmonia
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Marathi

मोरमोनी
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Turkish

charmonia
70 millions of speakers

Translator English - Italian

charmonia
65 millions of speakers

Translator English - Polish

charmonia
50 millions of speakers

Translator English - Ukrainian

Чармон
40 millions of speakers

Translator English - Romanian

charmonia
30 millions of speakers
el

Translator English - Greek

charmonia
15 millions of speakers
af

Translator English - Afrikaans

charmonia
14 millions of speakers
sv

Translator English - Swedish

charmonia
10 millions of speakers
no

Translator English - Norwegian

charmonia
5 millions of speakers

Trends of use of charmonia

TRENDS

TENDENCIES OF USE OF THE TERM «CHARMONIA»

The term «charmonia» is used very little and occupies the 187.045 position in our list of most widely used terms in the English dictionary.
0
100%
FREQUENCY
Rarely used
13
/100
The map shown above gives the frequency of use of the term «charmonia» in the different countries.
Principal search tendencies and common uses of charmonia
List of principal searches undertaken by users to access our English online dictionary and most widely used expressions with the word «charmonia».

FREQUENCY OF USE OF THE TERM «CHARMONIA» OVER TIME

The graph expresses the annual evolution of the frequency of use of the word «charmonia» during the past 500 years. Its implementation is based on analysing how often the term «charmonia» appears in digitalised printed sources in English between the year 1500 and the present day.

Examples of use in the English literature, quotes and news about charmonia

EXAMPLES

10 ENGLISH BOOKS RELATING TO «CHARMONIA»

Discover the use of charmonia in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to charmonia and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in English literature.
1
Hadron Collider Physics 2002: Proceedings of the 14th ...
and. Electroweak. Bosons. Caesar P. Palisoc, Bcrnd A. Kniehl, and Lennart Zwirner In this study, we investigate the hadroproduction of charmonia in association with electroweak bosons to leading order (LO) in the NRQCD factorization ...
Martin Erdmann, 2003
2
Inclusive Measurement of Upsilon 1S Decays to Open Charm ...
The branching ratio for T(1S) — > hidden charm X is the sum of the primary production branching ratios for all the charmonia states below DD threshold. The feed-down between the charmonia states is to be taken into account via the known ...
Michael Earl Watkins, 2007
3
The CBM Physics Book: Compressed Baryonic Matter in ...
Charmonia. from. kinetic. rate. equations. Charmonium production and propagation has also been extensively studied in thermal fireball evolution models. In the same spirit as for dilepton production, rate equations for charmonium ...
Bengt Friman, Claudia Höhne, Jörn Knoll, 2011
4
Physics at SuperLEAR
October 1991 Experimental search for charmonium hybrids and charmonia M A Faesslcr Sektion Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat, D-8000 Munchen 40. Abstract. A 12 year old scenario is recalled: to extend meson spectroscopy and, ...
C. Amsler, D. Urner, 1992
5
From Nuclei and Their Constituents to Stars
In these conditions the suppression of the initially produced charmonia is still active, but there is a non-negligible probability that, at freeze-out time, a c quark hadronizes with a c quark originated from a different cc pair. Then, “statistical” J/ψ  ...
A. Molinari, L. Riccati, W.M. Alberico, 2003
6
'96 QCD and High Energy Hadronic Interactions: Proceedings ...
The data presented here have been collected with the CDF[2, 3] and DO [4] detectors during the 1992-1995 CoUider Run at Fermilab. This paper is organized as follows. In section 2 we describe results on charmonia physics from the CDF and ...
J. Thanh Van Tran, 1996
7
Heavy Quark Physics
Therefore we take the problem up again and provide more realistic calculations for nuclear effects in exclusive electroproduction of charmonia off nuclei relying on the successful parameter free calculations which have been performed recently ...
David Blaschke, Mikhal A. Ivanov, Thomas Mannel, 2004
8
Perspectives in Hadronic Physics: 4th International ...
At least two other studies of hybrid charmonia with relativistic charm quarks exist to-date [25, 26]. Given the fact that not even L is a good quantum number it is not clear how one would distinguish non spin- exotic hybrids from conventional ...
Sigfrido Boffi, C. Ciofi Degli Atti, Mauro M. Giannini, 2004
9
Continuous Advances in Qcd 2006
... and CLEO-III, CLEO-c; clean samples of charmonia produced in B-decays, in photon-photon fusion and in initial state radiation, from the B-meson factory experiments, BaBar at SLAC and Belle at KEK, including the unexpected observation ...
M. Peloso, M. Shifman, 2007
10
Physics in Collision 14: 14th International Conference on ...
All that remains at this point is to investigate what happens at the lowest Pr(b) points which are dominated by measurements involving charmonia. This is the subject of the next section. 4 Charmonium Production Production of charmonia in  ...
Stephen Keller, H. Wahl, 1995

3 NEWS ITEMS WHICH INCLUDE THE TERM «CHARMONIA»

Find out what the national and international press are talking about and how the term charmonia is used in the context of the following news items.
1
'Charged charmonium' confounds particle physicists
Charmonia, which are heavy mesons, contain a charm and anti-charm quark. Because they are a composite particle, they can exist in a number ... «physicsworld.com, Jun 13»
2
Viewpoint: New Particle Hints at Four-Quark Matter
110, 252002 (2013); T. Barnes, S. Godfrey, and E. S. Swanson,“Higher Charmonia,” Phys. Rev. D 72, 054026 (2005); E. S. Swanson, “The New ... «Physics, Jun 13»
3
Charm quark
Particles containing a charm quark are known as either “charmed particles” or “charmonia.” They have only a fleeting existence before ... «Symmetry magazine, May 09»

REFERENCE
« EDUCALINGO. Charmonia [online]. Available <https://educalingo.com/en/dic-en/charmonia>. May 2024 ».
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