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Meaning of "citrinin" in the English dictionary

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DICTIONARY
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PRONUNCIATION OF CITRININ

citrinin  [sɪˈtraɪnɪn] play
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GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF CITRININ

noun
adjective
verb
adverb
pronoun
preposition
conjunction
determiner
exclamation
Citrinin is a noun.
A noun is a type of word the meaning of which determines reality. Nouns provide the names for all things: people, objects, sensations, feelings, etc.

WHAT DOES CITRININ MEAN IN ENGLISH?

Citrinin

Citrinin is a mycotoxin originally isolated in 1931 by Hetherington and Raistrick from a culture of Penicillium citrinum. It has since been found to be produced by a variety of other fungi that are found or used in the production of human foods, such as grain, cheese, sake, and red pigments. Citrinin has also been found in commercial red yeast rice supplements.

Definition of citrinin in the English dictionary

The definition of citrinin in the dictionary is an antibiotic derived from fungi, notably Penicillium citrinum.

WORDS THAT RHYME WITH CITRININ


agglutinin
əˈɡluːtɪnɪn
antifeminine
ˌæntɪˈfemɪnɪn
artemisinin
ˌɑːtɪˈmɪzɪnɪn
bradykinin
ˌbrædɪˈkaɪnɪn
cholecystokinin
ˌkɒlɪˌsɪstəˈkaɪnɪn
cytokinin
ˌsaɪtəʊˈkaɪnɪn
feminine
ˈfɛmɪnɪn
haemagglutinin
ˌhiːməˈɡluːtɪnɪn
hemagglutinin
ˌhiːməˈɡluːtɪnɪn
isoagglutinin
ˌaɪsəʊəˈɡluːtɪnɪn
kinin
ˈkaɪnɪn
laminin
ˈlæmɪnɪn
linen
ˈlɪnɪn
linin
ˈlaɪnɪn
magainin
məˈɡeɪnɪn
tanghinin
ˈtæŋɡɪnɪn
ultrafeminine
ˌʌltrəˈfɛmɪnɪn
unfeminine
ʌnˈfɛmɪnɪn

WORDS THAT BEGIN LIKE CITRININ

citrate
citrated
citreous
citric
citric acid
citric acid cycle
citriculture
citriculturist
citrin
citrine
citron
citron melon
citron wood
citronella
citronella grass
citronella oil
citronellal
citronellol
citrulline
citrus

WORDS THAT END LIKE CITRININ

Bakunin
Benin
calcitonin
conin
Cronin
Esenin
hemocyanin
hennin
Kalinin
Lenin
lignin
melanin
melatonin
renin
ronin
saponin
serotonin
tannin
troponin
venin

Synonyms and antonyms of citrinin in the English dictionary of synonyms

SYNONYMS

Translation of «citrinin» into 25 languages

TRANSLATOR
online translator

TRANSLATION OF CITRININ

Find out the translation of citrinin to 25 languages with our English multilingual translator.
The translations of citrinin from English to other languages presented in this section have been obtained through automatic statistical translation; where the essential translation unit is the word «citrinin» in English.

Translator English - Chinese

1,325 millions of speakers

Translator English - Spanish

citrinin
570 millions of speakers

English

citrinin
510 millions of speakers

Translator English - Hindi

Citrinin
380 millions of speakers
ar

Translator English - Arabic

citrinin
280 millions of speakers

Translator English - Russian

цитринин
278 millions of speakers

Translator English - Portuguese

citrinina
270 millions of speakers

Translator English - Bengali

citrinin
260 millions of speakers

Translator English - French

citrinine
220 millions of speakers

Translator English - Malay

Citrinin
190 millions of speakers

Translator English - German

Citrinin
180 millions of speakers

Translator English - Japanese

シトリニン
130 millions of speakers

Translator English - Korean

리닌
85 millions of speakers

Translator English - Javanese

Citrinin
85 millions of speakers
vi

Translator English - Vietnamese

citrinin
80 millions of speakers

Translator English - Tamil

citrinin
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Marathi

सिट्रीनिन
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Turkish

sitrinin
70 millions of speakers

Translator English - Italian

citrinina
65 millions of speakers

Translator English - Polish

Cytrynina
50 millions of speakers

Translator English - Ukrainian

цитринін
40 millions of speakers

Translator English - Romanian

citrinin
30 millions of speakers
el

Translator English - Greek

citrinin
15 millions of speakers
af

Translator English - Afrikaans

citrinin
14 millions of speakers
sv

Translator English - Swedish

citrinin
10 millions of speakers
no

Translator English - Norwegian

citrinin
5 millions of speakers

Trends of use of citrinin

TRENDS

TENDENCIES OF USE OF THE TERM «CITRININ»

The term «citrinin» is normally little used and occupies the 131.381 position in our list of most widely used terms in the English dictionary.
0
100%
FREQUENCY
Little used
39
/100
The map shown above gives the frequency of use of the term «citrinin» in the different countries.
Principal search tendencies and common uses of citrinin
List of principal searches undertaken by users to access our English online dictionary and most widely used expressions with the word «citrinin».

FREQUENCY OF USE OF THE TERM «CITRININ» OVER TIME

The graph expresses the annual evolution of the frequency of use of the word «citrinin» during the past 500 years. Its implementation is based on analysing how often the term «citrinin» appears in digitalised printed sources in English between the year 1500 and the present day.

Examples of use in the English literature, quotes and news about citrinin

EXAMPLES

10 ENGLISH BOOKS RELATING TO «CITRININ»

Discover the use of citrinin in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to citrinin and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in English literature.
1
The Food Safety Hazard Guidebook
Citrinin is a toxic fungal metabolite (mycotoxin) produced by some moulds of the genera Penicillium, Aspergillus and Monascus growing on certain food commodities, especially cereals and fruit. It was first isolated from a culture of Penicillium ...
Richard Lawley, Laurie Curtis, Judy Davis, 2012
2
Handbook of Food Toxicology
11.3.5 Citrinin Citrinin (Figure 1 1.1 9e) was first isolated from P. citrinum by Hetherington and Raistrick (1931). It is produced by many species of Penicillium and Aspergillus. The most important fungus is P. citrinum, which was reported as one ...
S.S. Deshpande, 2002
3
Veterinary Toxicology: Basic and Clinical Principles
INTRODUCTION. Ochratoxins and citrinin are produced by several species of genera Aspergillus and Penicillium. The two most common species that produce ochratoxin A (OTA) are Aspergillus ochraceus and Penicillium verrucosum.
Ramesh C. Gupta, 2011
4
Encyclopedia of Food Mycotoxins
LD50 (po): 50 mg/kg bw rats DETECTION HPLC, NMR, spectrofluorometric determination, TLC POSSIBLE MYCOTOXICOSIS -> Mycotoxic porcine nephropathy, -> Balkan endemic nephropathy (citrinin and ochratoxin A); -> Yellow rice ...
Martin Weidenbörner, 2001
5
Food Safety 1993
Renal toxicity in pigs, poultry, and laboratory animals has been attributed to ingest ion of citrinin- contaminated feed. Two recent investigations indicate that these toxic effects are mediated through disruption of mitochondria! respiration in renal ...
Institute, 1993
6
Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology
55. Aflatoxins,. ochratoxins. and. citrinin. Ramesh C. Gupta CHAPTER 56 Zootoxins Sharon M. Gwaltney-Brant ... and AFM1 are carcinogenic. Ochratoxins and citrinin are produced by several species of the genera Aspergillus and Penicillium.
Ramesh C. Gupta, 2011
7
Mycotoxins in Food: Detection and Control
17.5.1 Citrinin Citrinin was one of the earliest antibiotics to be discovered (in 1931) but it was never used because of its mammalian toxicity. A review on citrinin was published by Frank (1992). It is produced by many Penicillium spp. and ...
N Magan, M Olsen, 2004
8
Fungi and Food Spoilage
Penicillium citrinum is the main producer of citrinin, a mycotoxin of moderate toxicity. Citrinin is a significant renal toxin to monogastric domestic animals, including pigs (Keblys et al., 2004) and dogs (Kogika et al., 1993; Krejci et al., 1996).
John I. Pitt, Ailsa D. Hocking, 2009
9
Principles of Food Toxicology, Second Edition
OH o O\ OH Figure 10.8 Structure of citrinin. Often accompanies citrinin in cereals . Citrinin is also capable of causing vasodilation, bronchoconstriction, and elevated muscular tonus. The LD.50 value of citrinin is 50 mg/ kg orally in rat and  ...
Tõnu Püssa, 2013
10
Mycotoxin Protocols
lemical Method for Citrinin ison, Ewald Usleber, and Erwin Martlbauer toxic metabolite produced by several species of Aspergillus and , and was originally isolated as an experimental antibiotic from ultures of Penicillium citrinum in 1931 (2).
Mary W. Trucksess, Albert E. Pohland, 2001

10 NEWS ITEMS WHICH INCLUDE THE TERM «CITRININ»

Find out what the national and international press are talking about and how the term citrinin is used in the context of the following news items.
1
Dietary supplements for cholesterol: Are any worth a try?
In addition, one-third of the products were contaminated with a potentially toxic compound called citrinin, which can cause kidney failure. «Harvard Health, Apr 15»
2
Is Your Statin Alternative A Waste Of Money?
Also, one of the supplements contained a potential kidney toxin called citrinin, the report shows. Statins are among the most commonly ... «Prevention.com, Aug 14»
3
Harvard Health Letter Inaccurately Slams Heart Supplements
In one study, notes the Harvard health Letter, one-third of red yeast rice supplements were contaminated with a kidney toxin called citrinin, and ... «Natural Products INSIDER, Aug 14»
4
August Harvard Heart Letter States Most Dietary Supplements Don't …
And up to one-third of red rice yeasts products may be contaminated with a kidney toxin called citrinin. Such contamination isn't rare. «Broadway World, Aug 14»
5
Newsletter health law - May - June, 2014 - IV. EU Legislation
... methods of sampling of large lots, spices and food supplements, performance criteria for T-2, HT-2 toxin and citrinin and screening methods of analysis. «Lexology, Jul 14»
6
NutriGold's Red Yeast Rice GOLD Receives Delicious Living's …
... validation that the product is free of citrinin, a harmful toxin found in Red Yeast Rice supplements. It is manufactured without the use of GMOs, ... «PR Web, Jun 14»
7
A veterinary look at mycotoxin lesions
Reports of the effect of Citrinin in the kidney under commercial conditions are not as common, even though some personal communications ... «All about feed, May 14»
8
Yellow mustard eases ice-pick headache pain
Many commercial red yeast rice formulations vary in strength and quality. According to ConsumerLab.com, some are contaminated with citrinin, ... «STLtoday.com, Feb 14»
9
Yellow mustard eases pain of ice-pick migraines
According to ConsumerLab.com, some are contaminated with citrinin, a potentially toxic substance. In their column, Joe and Teresa Graedon ... «The Seattle Times, Feb 14»
10
Red Yeast Rice Products in Taiwan Found to Have Too High of …
The levels of citrinin in the red yeast rice far exceeded the maximum allowable level of 5 ppm, with some samples testing positive for over 63 ... «Oryza, Jan 14»

REFERENCE
« EDUCALINGO. Citrinin [online]. Available <https://educalingo.com/en/dic-en/citrinin>. May 2024 ».
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