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Meaning of "cystine" in the English dictionary

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DICTIONARY
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ETYMOLOGY OF THE WORD CYSTINE

See cysto- (bladder), -ine²; named from its being discovered in a type of urinary calculus.
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Etymology is the study of the origin of words and their changes in structure and significance.
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PRONUNCIATION OF CYSTINE

cystine  [ˈsɪstiːn] play
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GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF CYSTINE

noun
adjective
verb
adverb
pronoun
preposition
conjunction
determiner
exclamation
Cystine is a noun.
A noun is a type of word the meaning of which determines reality. Nouns provide the names for all things: people, objects, sensations, feelings, etc.

WHAT DOES CYSTINE MEAN IN ENGLISH?

cystine

Cystine

Cystine is the amino acid formed by the oxidation of two cysteine molecules that covalently link via a disulfide bond. This organosulfur compound has the formula (SCH2CH(NH2)CO2H)2. It is a white solid that is slightly soluble in water. Human hair and skin contain approximately 10-14% cystine by mass. It was discovered in 1810 by William Hyde Wollaston but was not recognized as being derived of proteins until it was isolated from the horn of a cow in 1899.

Definition of cystine in the English dictionary

The definition of cystine in the dictionary is a sulphur-containing amino acid present in proteins: yields two molecules of cysteine on reduction. Formula: HOOCCHCH2SSCH2CHCOOH.

WORDS THAT RHYME WITH CYSTINE


costean
kɒˈstiːn
eighteen
ˈeɪˈtiːn
fifteen
ˈfɪfˈtiːn
forestine
ˈfɒrɪstiːn
fourteen
ˈfɔːˈtiːn
genistein
ˈdʒɛnɪˌstiːn
homocysteine
ˌhəʊməʊˈsɪstiːn
hydrastine
haɪˈdræstiːn
mangosteen
ˈmæŋɡəʊˌstiːn
nicotine
ˈnɪkəˌtiːn
protein
ˈprəʊtiːn
routine
ruːˈtiːn
Sistine
ˈsɪstiːn
sixteen
ˈsɪksˈtiːn
Springsteen
ˈsprɪŋˌstiːn
stean
stiːn
teen
tiːn
thirteen
ˈθɜːˈtiːn
vinblastine
vɪnˈblæstiːn
vincristine
vɪnˈkrɪstiːn

WORDS THAT BEGIN LIKE CYSTINE

cysteinic
cystic
cystic fibrosis
cysticerci
cysticercoid
cysticercosis
cysticercus
cystid
cystidean
cystiform
cystinosis
cystitis
cystocarp
cystocarpic
cystocele
cystogenous
cystography
cystoid
cystolith
cystolithiasis

WORDS THAT END LIKE CYSTINE

amethystine
argentine
asbestine
Augustine
celestine
clandestine
destine
intestine
langoustine
large intestine
laurustine
nonclandestine
Palestine
Philistine
predestine
pristine
Saint Augustine
sestine
small intestine
valentine

Synonyms and antonyms of cystine in the English dictionary of synonyms

SYNONYMS

Translation of «cystine» into 25 languages

TRANSLATOR
online translator

TRANSLATION OF CYSTINE

Find out the translation of cystine to 25 languages with our English multilingual translator.
The translations of cystine from English to other languages presented in this section have been obtained through automatic statistical translation; where the essential translation unit is the word «cystine» in English.

Translator English - Chinese

胱氨酸
1,325 millions of speakers

Translator English - Spanish

cistina
570 millions of speakers

English

cystine
510 millions of speakers

Translator English - Hindi

cystine
380 millions of speakers
ar

Translator English - Arabic

سيستين
280 millions of speakers

Translator English - Russian

цистин
278 millions of speakers

Translator English - Portuguese

cistina
270 millions of speakers

Translator English - Bengali

cystine
260 millions of speakers

Translator English - French

cystine
220 millions of speakers

Translator English - Malay

Cystine
190 millions of speakers

Translator English - German

Cystin
180 millions of speakers

Translator English - Japanese

シスチン
130 millions of speakers

Translator English - Korean

시스틴
85 millions of speakers

Translator English - Javanese

Cystine
85 millions of speakers
vi

Translator English - Vietnamese

cystine
80 millions of speakers

Translator English - Tamil

சிஸ்டைன்
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Marathi

सिस्टाईन
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Turkish

sistin
70 millions of speakers

Translator English - Italian

cistina
65 millions of speakers

Translator English - Polish

cystyny
50 millions of speakers

Translator English - Ukrainian

цистин
40 millions of speakers

Translator English - Romanian

cistina
30 millions of speakers
el

Translator English - Greek

κυστίνη
15 millions of speakers
af

Translator English - Afrikaans

sistien
14 millions of speakers
sv

Translator English - Swedish

cystin
10 millions of speakers
no

Translator English - Norwegian

cystin
5 millions of speakers

Trends of use of cystine

TRENDS

TENDENCIES OF USE OF THE TERM «CYSTINE»

The term «cystine» is regularly used and occupies the 84.180 position in our list of most widely used terms in the English dictionary.
0
100%
FREQUENCY
Regularly used
61
/100
The map shown above gives the frequency of use of the term «cystine» in the different countries.
Principal search tendencies and common uses of cystine
List of principal searches undertaken by users to access our English online dictionary and most widely used expressions with the word «cystine».

FREQUENCY OF USE OF THE TERM «CYSTINE» OVER TIME

The graph expresses the annual evolution of the frequency of use of the word «cystine» during the past 500 years. Its implementation is based on analysing how often the term «cystine» appears in digitalised printed sources in English between the year 1500 and the present day.

Examples of use in the English literature, quotes and news about cystine

EXAMPLES

10 ENGLISH BOOKS RELATING TO «CYSTINE»

Discover the use of cystine in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to cystine and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in English literature.
1
Smith's Textbook of Endourology
Unlike struvite and cystine stones, it is unusual to need prolonged irrigation to manage uric acid stones. Cystine stones Cystinuria is an autosomal recessive disorder of dibasic amino acid transport in the kidney that leads to crystallization of ...
Arthur D. Smith, MD, Glenn Preminger, Gopal Badlani, 2012
2
Amino Acids in Animal Nutrition
Thus, estimates of the maximum proportion of methionine + cystine that can be provided by cystine range from 40 to 70%, although the majority of estimates are from 45 to 55%. Some of the difference in estimates may relate to the differences  ...
J. P. Felix D'Mello, 2003
3
Absorption and Utilization of Amino Acids
Nitrogen balance, growth studies, and plasma aminograms have led Snyderman" 3 to conclude that cystine may be an indispensible amino acid for some low birth weight infants. Low or absent concentrations of hepatic cystathionase activity in ...
Mendel Friedman, 1989
4
Mammalian Amino Acid Transport
All three of these pediatricians described children who had stunted growth, rickets and glycosuria. Many years later it was recognized that the internal organs of these children contained large accumulations of the disulfide amino acid, cystine.
M.S. Kilberg, D. Häussinger, 1992
5
In Vitro Neurotoxicology: Principles and Challenges
These studies revealed that in both neurons and astrocytes, System XC– transports cystine and that astrocytes also transport cystine by System XAG–. No change in neuronal cystine uptake was apparent following removal of Na+. Accordingly ...
Evelyn Tiffany-Castiglioni, 2004
6
Foods & Nutrition Encyclopedia, Two Volume Set
90 threonine Spinach 90 methionine and cystine Beef 80 methionine and cystine 80 Cottonseed meal . 80 methionine and cystine 66 Pork tenderloin 80 methionine and cystine 84 Sweet potato 75 methionine and cystine 72 Fish 75 ...
Marion Eugene Ensminger, Audrey H. Ensminger, 1993
7
Techniques in Protein Modification
The majority of studies involve the cleavage of the disulfide bond of cystine to the free thiol group of cysteine by reduction. Reduction has been generally accomplished with a mild reducing agent such as p-mercaptoethanol, dithiothreitol, ...
Roger L. Lundblad, 1994
8
Urinary Tract Stone Disease
In some instances, a qualitative cyanide-nitroprusside test may be performed on the urine.30 The appearance of a purple-red color is suggestive of cystine excretion in excess of 75 mg/L. Although this test is sensitive, it is nonspecific, and the ...
Nagaraja P. Rao, Glenn M. Preminger, John P. Kavanagh, 2011
9
Inborn Metabolic Diseases: Diagnosis and Treatment
Consequently, in cystinuria renal stones may be formed because of high urinary concentration of poorly soluble cystine. In lysinuric protein intolerance (LPI), the transporter defect for the dibasic cationic amino acids leads to poor intestinal ...
John Fernandes, Jean-Marie Saudubray, Georges van den Berghe, 2006
10
Lysosomes
3.4.1.5. Defects in Transport; Cystinosis Degradation of proteins containing disulfide links between cysteine residues should liberate cystine (Mr 240). That cells sometimes encounter special problems in dealing with cystines present in their ...
Eric Holtzman, 1989

10 NEWS ITEMS WHICH INCLUDE THE TERM «CYSTINE»

Find out what the national and international press are talking about and how the term cystine is used in the context of the following news items.
1
Retrophin Lifted to “Hold” at Zacks (RTRX)
Its Thiola is used for the prevention of cystine (kidney) stone formation in patients with severe homozygous cystinuria. Chenodal is a tablet of ... «WKRB News, Jul 15»
2
Retrophin Rating Increased to Hold at Zacks (RTRX)
Its Thiola is used for the prevention of cystine (kidney) stone formation in patients with severe homozygous cystinuria. Chenodal is a tablet of ... «The Legacy, Jul 15»
3
PredSTP: a highly accurate SVM based model to predict sequential …
PredSTP can accurately identify a wide range of cystine stabilized peptide toxins directly from sequences in a species-agnostic fashion. «BMC Blogs Network, Jul 15»
4
Ferroptosis in p53-dependent oncosuppression and organismal …
SLC7A11 is a component of the XC− system, a plasma membrane multiprotein transporter that mediates the Na+-independent uptake of extracellular cystine in ... «Nature.com, Jul 15»
5
Oman health: What you need to know about Kidney stones
And although nearly 80% of kidney stones are calcium-based, with only 20% comprised of uric acid, struvite, or cystine, in Oman at least 10% of ... «Times of Oman, Jul 15»
6
60% stone ailment patients in city below 35
... present in body, uric acid (formed when urine is persistently acidic), struvite (caused due to infection) and cystine (which is genetic in nature). «Times of India, Jul 15»
7
Dave Sturgis participated in a cross-country bicycle tour to raise …
Cystinosis is a disease in which the host makes the amino acid cystine but has no way to break it down. As a result, the cystine crystallizes in ... «The Spokesman Review, Jul 15»
8
Retrophin EVP Sells $912853.20 in Stock (RTRX)
Its Thiola is used for the prevention of cystine (kidney) stone formation in patients with severe homozygous cystinuria. Chenodal is a tablet of ... «WKRB News, Jul 15»
9
Novel mutations in PAX6, OTX2 and NDP in anophthalmia …
... are indicated with different colors and numbers at the bottom of the drawing; SP (signal peptide), CTCK (C-terminal cystine knot-like domain). «Nature.com, Jul 15»
10
Retrophin EVP Alvin Shih Sells 27916 Shares (RTRX)
Its Thiola is used for the prevention of cystine (kidney) stone formation in patients with severe homozygous cystinuria. Chenodal is a tablet of ... «Dakota Financial News, Jun 15»

REFERENCE
« EDUCALINGO. Cystine [online]. Available <https://educalingo.com/en/dic-en/cystine>. Apr 2024 ».
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