Definiteness
In grammatical theory,
definiteness is a feature of noun phrases, distinguishing between entities that are specific and identifiable in a given context and entities which are not. There is considerable variation in the expression of definiteness across languages: ▪ Some languages, e.g. English, use separate words called articles. ▪ In other languages, the article is a clitic that attaches phonologically to the noun, e.g. the Hebrew definite article
ha- or the Arabic definite article
al-. ▪ In yet other languages, definiteness is indicated by affixes on the noun or on modifying adjectives, much like the expression of grammatical number and grammatical case. In these languages, the inflections indicating definiteness may be quite complex. In the Germanic languages and Balto-Slavic languages, for example, there are two paradigms for adjectives, one used in definite noun phrases and the other used in indefinite noun phrases. ▪ In some languages, e.g. Hungarian, definiteness is marked on the verb. ▪ Some languages do not express definiteness at all.