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heterokaryon

Meaning of "heterokaryon" in the English dictionary

DICTIONARY

ETYMOLOGY OF THE WORD HETEROKARYON

From hetero- + karyon, from Greek karuon kernel.

Etymology is the study of the origin of words and their changes in structure and significance.

PRONUNCIATION OF HETEROKARYON

ˌhɛtərəʊˈkærɪɒn


GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF HETEROKARYON

noun
adjective
verb
adverb
pronoun
preposition
conjunction
determiner
exclamation
Heterokaryon is a noun.
A noun is a type of word the meaning of which determines reality. Nouns provide the names for all things: people, objects, sensations, feelings, etc.

WHAT DOES HETEROKARYON MEAN IN ENGLISH?

Heterokaryon

A heterokaryon is a cell that contains multiple, genetically different nuclei. This can occur naturally, such as in the mycelium of fungi during sexual reproduction, or artificially as formed by the experimental fusion of two genetically different cells. A medical example is a heterokaryon composed of nuclei from Hurler syndrome and Hunter syndrome. Both of these diseases result in problems in mucopolysaccharide metabolism. However, a heterokaryon of nuclei from both of these diseases exhibits normal mucopolysaccharide metabolism, proving that the two syndromes affect different proteins and so can correct each other in the heterokaryon. In an experimental setting, polyethylene glycol may be applied to a culture of cells to induce the individual cells to fuse together, forming a heterokaryon. Heterokaryons are found in the life cycle of yeasts, for example Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a genetic model organism. The heterokaryon stage is produced from the fusion of two haploid cells. This transient heterokaryon can produce further haploid buds, or cell nuclei can fuse and produce a diploid cell, that can then undergo mitosis.

Definition of heterokaryon in the English dictionary

The definition of heterokaryon in the dictionary is a fungal cell or mycelium containing two or more nuclei of different genetic constitution.

WORDS THAT RHYME WITH HETEROKARYON

alectryon · evangeliarion · evangelistarion · kaon · karyon · Lycaon · Malathion · omophorion · pantaleon · parathion · pion · prokaryon · psion · rayon · spray-on · sticharion · toyon · tricerion · troparion · try-on

WORDS THAT BEGIN LIKE HETEROKARYON

heterogeny · heterogonic · heterogonous · heterogonously · heterogony · heterograft · heterographic · heterographical · heterography · heterogynous · heterokaryosis · heterokaryotic · heterokont · heterokontan · heterolecithal · heterologous · heterologously · heterology · heterolysis · heterolytic

WORDS THAT END LIKE HETEROKARYON

Amphitryon · antibaryon · Apollyon · baryon · Binyon · canyon · crayon · Geryon · Grand Canyon · halcyon · Lyon · Mayon · Noyon · pencil crayon · perikaryon · Runyon · sayon · synkaryon · tachyon · yon

Synonyms and antonyms of heterokaryon in the English dictionary of synonyms

SYNONYMS

Translation of «heterokaryon» into 25 languages

TRANSLATOR

TRANSLATION OF HETEROKARYON

Find out the translation of heterokaryon to 25 languages with our English multilingual translator.

The translations of heterokaryon from English to other languages presented in this section have been obtained through automatic statistical translation; where the essential translation unit is the word «heterokaryon» in English.
zh

Translator English - Chinese

异核体
1,325 millions of speakers
es

Translator English - Spanish

heterocarión
570 millions of speakers
en

English

heterokaryon
510 millions of speakers
hi

Translator English - Hindi

heterokaryon
380 millions of speakers
ar

Translator English - Arabic

متغايرة النوى
280 millions of speakers
ru

Translator English - Russian

heterokaryon
278 millions of speakers
pt

Translator English - Portuguese

heterocário
270 millions of speakers
bn

Translator English - Bengali

heterokaryon
260 millions of speakers
fr

Translator English - French

hétérocaryon
220 millions of speakers
ms

Translator English - Malay

Heterokaryon
190 millions of speakers
de

Translator English - German

Heterokaryon
180 millions of speakers
ja

Translator English - Japanese

ヘテロカリオン
130 millions of speakers
ko

Translator English - Korean

heterokaryon
85 millions of speakers
jv

Translator English - Javanese

Heterokaryon
85 millions of speakers
vi

Translator English - Vietnamese

heterokaryon
80 millions of speakers
ta

Translator English - Tamil

heterokaryon
75 millions of speakers
mr

Translator English - Marathi

हेरोराकोरीन
75 millions of speakers
tr

Translator English - Turkish

heterokaryon
70 millions of speakers
it

Translator English - Italian

Heterokaryon
65 millions of speakers
pl

Translator English - Polish

heterokaryon
50 millions of speakers
uk

Translator English - Ukrainian

heterokaryon
40 millions of speakers
ro

Translator English - Romanian

heterokaryon
30 millions of speakers
el

Translator English - Greek

ετεροκάρυο
15 millions of speakers
af

Translator English - Afrikaans

heterokaryon
14 millions of speakers
sv

Translator English - Swedish

heterokaryon
10 millions of speakers
no

Translator English - Norwegian

heterokaryon
5 millions of speakers

Trends of use of heterokaryon

TRENDS

TENDENCIES OF USE OF THE TERM «HETEROKARYON»

Principal search tendencies and common uses of heterokaryon
List of principal searches undertaken by users to access our English online dictionary and most widely used expressions with the word «heterokaryon».

Examples of use in the English literature, quotes and news about heterokaryon

EXAMPLES

10 ENGLISH BOOKS RELATING TO «HETEROKARYON»

Discover the use of heterokaryon in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to heterokaryon and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in English literature.
1
Circadian Rhythms: Methods in Enzymology
Nucleocytoplasmic Shuttling and the Heterokaryon Assay An alternative method used to study nuclear export of a molecule is the heterokaryon assay. The principle of the assay is that nuclei of cell line X (grown in the presence of LMB) are ...
Michael Young, 2005
2
21st Century Guidebook to Fungi with CD
colony (heterokaryon) sector (homokaryon) heterokaryotic hyphae of the original strain uninucleate spores homokaryotic hyphal tip Fig. 7.3 Sectoring within a heterokaryotic colony. 'Sectoring' refers to the pattern of hyphae in a fungal colony ...
David Moore, Geoffrey D. Robson, Anthony P. J. Trinci, 2011
3
Growth, Differentiation and Sexuality
B. Mating-Type Genes as Master Regulators In the heterothallic basidiomycetes, fruiting is most regularly observed in the heterokaryon, which is also called the secondary mycelium. The heterokaryon arises from a mating between two ...
Ursula Kües, Reinhard Fischer, 2006
4
The Neurospora Compendium: Chromosomal Loci
Called c. het-d: heterokaryon incompatibility-d IIR. Right offl (25%) (715). Included in duplications from T(ALS176) (1562) and T(0Y337) (1578). Stable heterokaryons are not formed by strains het-D+ het-d (715, 716); het-D/het-d duplications ...
David D. Perkins, Alan Radford, Matthew S. Sachs, 2000
5
Fungi: Experimental Methods In Biology, Second Edition
al-1 pan sen al-2 nic sen+ Fusion al-1 pan sen + al-2 nic sen+ Heterokaryon Resolution of heterokaryon by microconidia plating al-1 pan sen al-1 pan sen + al-2 nic sen+ al-2 nic sen+ Figure 16.4 heterokaryon technique of preservation and ...
Ramesh Maheshwari, 2011
6
Genetics and Breeding of Edible Mushrooms
... heterokaryon heterokaryon heterokaryon + heterokaryon after Yoo et + heterokaryon al. (1987d) heterokaryon + heterokaryon heterokaryon + heterokaryon + + + heterokaryon heterokaryon heterokaryon heterokaryon 7ark ( 1988) 7ark et al.
A.C. Chang, 1992
7
Agricultural Applications
The binuclear basidiospore from secondarily homothallic strains of A. bisporus are self-fertile and after germination are very similar to the heterokaryon that went through meiosis. Generally, less than 5% of the spores are uninucleate. The most  ...
Karl Esser, Paul A. Lemke, F. Kempken, 2002
8
Molecular Biology of Fungal Development
Can J Bot 56:2171–2176, 1978. 22. S Marek, J Wu, NL Glass, DG Gilchrist, R Bostock. 1999. Programmed cell death in fungi: heterokaryon incompatibility involves nuclear DNA degradation (abstr). 20th Fungal Genetics Conference, # 335 ...
Heinz D. Osiewacz, 2002
9
Fungal Biology
Table 9.3 Effects of composition of the growth medium on the ratio of nuclear types in a heterokaryon of Penicillium cyc/opium. (Data from Jinks 1952.) % of nuclei in Relative growth rates of Composition of medium (%) the heterokaryon ...
J. W. Deacon, 2013
10
Rhizoctonia Solani, Biology and Pathology
Pathogenicity tests on radish stems showing variation of host-fnngus reaction after 7 days of ( from left ) : G3 single-basidiospore culture, 2 mutant single-spore cultures derived from G3 culture, and heterokaryon resulting from anastomosis of 2 ...
J. R. Parmeter, 1970

2 NEWS ITEMS WHICH INCLUDE THE TERM «HETEROKARYON»

Find out what the national and international press are talking about and how the term heterokaryon is used in the context of the following news items.
1
Finding could potentially make iPS cells safer for use in humans
They did so by fusing mouse embryonic stem cells with a human skin cell, or fibroblast, to create a bi-species product, called a heterokaryon, ... «Phys.Org, Sep 13»
2
The Shape of Pathogenic Proteins
... as measured by its involvement in a program cell death phenomenon called heterokaryon incompatibility. "The basis [of infectivity] goes back ... «Scientist, Sep 07»
REFERENCE
« EDUCALINGO. Heterokaryon [online]. Available <https://educalingo.com/en/dic-en/heterokaryon>. May 2024 ».
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