Meaning of "heterokaryosis" in the English dictionary

PRONUNCIATION OF HETEROKARYOSIS

heterokaryosis  [ˌhɛtərəʊˌkærɪˈəʊsɪs]

GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF HETEROKARYOSIS

Heterokaryosis is a noun.

A noun is a type of word the meaning of which determines reality. Nouns provide the names for all things: people, objects, sensations, feelings, etc.

WHAT DOES HETEROKARYOSIS MEAN IN ENGLISH?

Heterokaryosis

Heterokaryosis is a term used in biology meaning to have two or more genetically different nuclei within the same mycelium of a fungus or other life form. This is a special type of syncytium. The term heterokaryon was coined in 1965 by B. Ephrussi and M. Weiss; H. Harris and J. F. Watkins; Y. Okada and F. Murayama. A heterokaryon is a cell with more than one nucleus of differing genetic origin. The term was first used for ciliate protozoans such as Tetrahymena. This has two types of cell nuclei, a large, somatic macronucleus and a small, germline micronucleus. Both exist in a single cell at the same time and carry out different functions with distinct cytological and biochemical properties. Many fungi exhibit heterokaryosis. The haploid nuclei within a mycelium may differ from one another not merely by accumulating mutations, but by the non-sexual fusion of genetically distinct fungal hyphae. This can lead to individuals that have different nuclei in different parts of their mycelium. In this case, the notion of individual itself becomes vague since the rule of one genome = one individual does not apply any more.

Definition of heterokaryosis in the English dictionary

The definition of heterokaryosis in the dictionary is the condition of having two genetically different nuclei in a cytoplasm of a fungus.

TRANSLATION OF HETEROKARYOSIS

Find out the translation of heterokaryosis to 25 languages with our English multilingual translator.

The translations of heterokaryosis from English to other languages presented in this section have been obtained through automatic statistical translation; where the essential translation unit is the word «heterokaryosis» in English.

• Translator English - Chinese: 异核
• Translator English - Spanish: heterocariosis
• English: heterokaryosis
• Translator English - Hindi: heterokaryosis
• Translator English - Arabic: تغاير النوى
• Translator English - Russian: heterokaryosis
• Translator English - Portuguese: heterocariose
• Translator English - Bengali: heterokaryosis
• Translator English - French: heterokaryosis
• Translator English - Malay: Heterokaryosis
• Translator English - German: Heterokaryose
• Translator English - Japanese: heterokaryosis
• Translator English - Korean: heterokaryosis
• Translator English - Javanese: Heterokarya
• Translator English - Vietnamese: heterokaryosis
• Translator English - Tamil: இதரகருவுடைமை
• Translator English - Marathi: हेरोराकोरीओसिस
• Translator English - Turkish: heterokaryosis
• Translator English - Italian: heterokaryosis
• Translator English - Polish: heterokaryosis
• Translator English - Ukrainian: heterokaryosis
• Translator English - Romanian: heterokaryosis
• Translator English - Greek: ετεροκαρύωσης
• Translator English - Afrikaans: heterokaryosis
• Translator English - Swedish: heterokaryosis
• Translator English - Norwegian: heterokaryosis

10 ENGLISH BOOKS RELATING TO «HETEROKARYOSIS»

Discover the use of heterokaryosis in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to heterokaryosis and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in English literature.

An Introduction to Mycology

These genes also act in the vegetative phase and reduce the viability of nuclei. Heterokaryosis Hansen and Smith (1932) defined "heterokaryosis" (Gr. heteros - other + karyon = nut, nucleus) as a term which "describes precisely the condition  ...

R. S. Mehrotra, K. R. Aneja, 1990

Plant Pathology

( 1955) used the term "heterokaryosis" to designate the association of more than two genetically different kinds of nuclei in a vegetative cell or spore. Considerable information on the potential advantage of heterokaryosis is available in the ...

R. S. Mehrotra, 2003

Fundamentals of Plant Pathology

This clearly implies that heterokaryosis involves the occurrence of dissimilar nuclei in a single cell, even if it is only one cell in a thallus. Nelson et al. (1955) used the term heterokaryosis to designate the association of more than two genetically ...

R. S. Mehrotra, Ashok Aggarwal, 2013

Microbial Technology

Heterokaryosis is not a substitute for sex, but it is merely a mechanism for juggling whole nuclei so that several nuclei are processed within a common cytoplasm. Heterokaryosis can arise in following ways : (i) Mutation of the genes within one ...

Rajni Gupta, K. G. Mukerji, 2001

Introduction To Fungi, 3E

Heterokaryosis. The term heterokaryosis (hetero = dissimilar, karyons = nuclei) has been defined as the coexistence of genetically-different nuclei in cytoplasmic continuity with one another. The phenomenon, discovered by Hansen and Smith  ...

H C Dube, 2009

Heterokaryosis

This is a special type of syncytium.

Jesse Russell, Ronald Cohn, 2012

Neurospora : Contributions of a Model Organism: ...

HETEROKARYOS1S AND VEGETATIVE INCOMPATIBILITY Heterokaryosis Heterokaryosis in fungi was discovered and characterized in a number of species early in the twentieth century, a subject reviewed some time ago (Davis, 1966l.

Irvine Rowland H. Davis Professor of Molecular Genetics University of California, 2000

The Ecology and Physiology of the Fungal Mycelium

The role of the H locus in heterokaryosis in Rhizoctonia solani. Phytopathology, 66, 1348-53. Raper, C. A. (1974). The biology and breeding potential of Agaricus bitorquis. Mushroom Science, 9, 1-10. Richter, H. & Schneider, R. (1953).

British Mycological Society. Symposium, David Harry Jennings, Alan D. M. Rayner, 1984

The Evolution of Adaptive Systems: The General Theory of ...

The influence of negative heterokaryosis in cladogenetic drive is again underlined by evidence from isozyme studies showing a likelihood that regulatory genes from one species may be incompatible with structural genes from another (Nei, ...

James Patrick Brock, 2000

A Textbook of Fungi

Heterokaryosis is a way in which virulent strains aquire virulence, e.g. Thanetophorus cucumeris. Thus heterokaryosis is an alternative mode of reproductive system in which fungi have potential for continuous variation in the response to the ...

Rajni Gupta, 2004