Hypothesis
A
hypothesis is a proposed explanation for a phenomenon. For a hypothesis to be a
scientific hypothesis, the scientific method requires that one can test it. Scientists generally base scientific hypotheses on previous observations that cannot satisfactorily be explained with the available scientific theories. Even though the words "hypothesis" and "theory" are often used synonymously, a
scientific hypothesis is not the same as a
scientific theory. A
scientific hypothesis is a proposed explanation of a phenomenon which still has to be rigorously tested. In contrast,
a scientific theory has undergone extensive testing and is generally accepted to be the accurate explanation behind an observation. A
working hypothesis is a provisionally accepted hypothesis proposed for further research. A different meaning of the term
hypothesis is used in formal logic, to denote the antecedent of a proposition; thus in the proposition "If
P, then
Q",
P denotes the hypothesis;
Q can be called a consequent.
P is the assumption in a
What If question.