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Meaning of "prophage" in the English dictionary

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DICTIONARY
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ETYMOLOGY OF THE WORD PROPHAGE

By contraction from French probactériophage.
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Etymology is the study of the origin of words and their changes in structure and significance.
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PRONUNCIATION OF PROPHAGE

prophage  [ˈprəʊfeɪdʒ] play
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GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF PROPHAGE

noun
adjective
verb
adverb
pronoun
preposition
conjunction
determiner
exclamation
Prophage is a noun.
A noun is a type of word the meaning of which determines reality. Nouns provide the names for all things: people, objects, sensations, feelings, etc.

WHAT DOES PROPHAGE MEAN IN ENGLISH?

Prophage

A prophage is a bacteriophage genome inserted and integrated into the circular bacterial DNA chromosome or existing as an extrachromosomal plasmid. This is a latent form of a phage, in which the viral genes are present in the bacterium without causing disruption of the bacterial cell. Upon detection of host cell damage, such as UV light or certain chemicals, the prophage is excised from the bacterial chromosome in a process called prophage induction. After induction, viral replication begins via the Lysogenic Cycle. In the lytic cycle, the virus commandeers the cell's reproductive machinery. The cell may fill with new viruses until it lyses or bursts, or it may release the new viruses one at a time in a reverse endocytotic process. The period from infection to lysis is termed the latent period. A virus following a lytic cycle is called a virulent virus. Prophages are important agents of horizontal gene transfer, and are considered part of the mobilome. All families of bacterial viruses with circular DNA genomes or replicating their genomes through a circular intermediate have temperate members.

WORDS THAT RHYME WITH PROPHAGE


age
eɪdʒ
backstage
ˌbækˈsteɪdʒ
bacteriophage
bækˈtɪərɪəˌfeɪdʒ
cage
keɪdʒ
coliphage
ˈkɒlɪˌfeɪdʒ
engage
ɪnˈɡeɪdʒ
gauge
ɡeɪdʒ
macrophage
ˈmækrəʊˌfeɪdʒ
microphage
ˈmaɪkrəʊˌfeɪdʒ
Osage
əʊˈseɪdʒ
ostreophage
ˈɒstrɪəˌfeɪdʒ
outrage
ˈaʊtˌreɪdʒ
page
peɪdʒ
phage
feɪdʒ
rage
reɪdʒ
sage
seɪdʒ
stage
steɪdʒ
teenage
ˈtiːnˌeɪdʒ
underage
ˌʌndərˈeɪdʒ
xylophage
ˈzaɪləʊˌfeɪdʒ

WORDS THAT BEGIN LIKE PROPHAGE

propertyless
prophase
prophasic
prophecies
prophecy
prophesiable
prophesied
prophesier
prophesies
prophesy
prophesyings
prophet
prophet-like
prophetess
prophethood
prophetic
prophetical
prophetically
propheticism
prophetism

WORDS THAT END LIKE PROPHAGE

achage
berthage
brain haemorrhage
Carthage
cerebral haemorrhage
cowhage
Gravenhage
haemorrhage
hemorrhage
repechage
roughage
weighage

Synonyms and antonyms of prophage in the English dictionary of synonyms

SYNONYMS

Translation of «prophage» into 25 languages

TRANSLATOR
online translator

TRANSLATION OF PROPHAGE

Find out the translation of prophage to 25 languages with our English multilingual translator.
The translations of prophage from English to other languages presented in this section have been obtained through automatic statistical translation; where the essential translation unit is the word «prophage» in English.

Translator English - Chinese

噬菌体
1,325 millions of speakers

Translator English - Spanish

profago
570 millions of speakers

English

prophage
510 millions of speakers

Translator English - Hindi

prophage
380 millions of speakers
ar

Translator English - Arabic

طليعة العاثية
280 millions of speakers

Translator English - Russian

профаг
278 millions of speakers

Translator English - Portuguese

prophage
270 millions of speakers

Translator English - Bengali

prophage
260 millions of speakers

Translator English - French

prophage
220 millions of speakers

Translator English - Malay

Prophage
190 millions of speakers

Translator English - German

Prophagen
180 millions of speakers

Translator English - Japanese

プロファージ
130 millions of speakers

Translator English - Korean

프로 파지
85 millions of speakers

Translator English - Javanese

Prophage
85 millions of speakers
vi

Translator English - Vietnamese

prophage
80 millions of speakers

Translator English - Tamil

prophage
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Marathi

निरुपयोगी
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Turkish

Profajdan kurtulma
70 millions of speakers

Translator English - Italian

profago
65 millions of speakers

Translator English - Polish

profaga
50 millions of speakers

Translator English - Ukrainian

профаг
40 millions of speakers

Translator English - Romanian

prophage
30 millions of speakers
el

Translator English - Greek

προφάγο
15 millions of speakers
af

Translator English - Afrikaans

prophage
14 millions of speakers
sv

Translator English - Swedish

profag
10 millions of speakers
no

Translator English - Norwegian

prophage
5 millions of speakers

Trends of use of prophage

TRENDS

TENDENCIES OF USE OF THE TERM «PROPHAGE»

The term «prophage» is normally little used and occupies the 113.862 position in our list of most widely used terms in the English dictionary.
0
100%
FREQUENCY
Little used
47
/100
The map shown above gives the frequency of use of the term «prophage» in the different countries.
Principal search tendencies and common uses of prophage
List of principal searches undertaken by users to access our English online dictionary and most widely used expressions with the word «prophage».

FREQUENCY OF USE OF THE TERM «PROPHAGE» OVER TIME

The graph expresses the annual evolution of the frequency of use of the word «prophage» during the past 500 years. Its implementation is based on analysing how often the term «prophage» appears in digitalised printed sources in English between the year 1500 and the present day.

Examples of use in the English literature, quotes and news about prophage

EXAMPLES

10 ENGLISH BOOKS RELATING TO «PROPHAGE»

Discover the use of prophage in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to prophage and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in English literature.
1
The Bacteriophages
Figure 3-1 Location of Streptococcus pyogenes strain SF370 prophage and their genomic maps. Left: Location and relative size (in kilobases) of prophages and prophage remnants R on the S. pyogenes strain SF370 genome map. The linked  ...
Berkeley Richard Lane Calendar Professor of Molecular and Cell Biology University of California, Ohio State University . Stephen T. Abedon Professor of Molecular and Cell Biology Department of Microbiology, 2005
2
A New Bacteriology
For active transfer, the prophage genome must be enclosed in the protein head. This complex multiplication of the phages is followed by bacterial cell dissolution and the release of countless infectious phages. The whole phenomenon is ...
Sorin Sonea, Maurice Panisset, 1983
3
Biocommunication in Soil Microorganisms
Soil bacteria in existing genomes in prophage database (Srividhya et al. 2006) were taken. Prophages detected by PSA (Srividhya et al. 2006) and DRAD ( Srividhya et al. 2007) in soil genomes were analyzed and compared with prophage ...
Guenther Witzany, 2010
4
Lactic Acid Bacteria: Genetics, Metabolism and Applications
In prophage LJ771 this transcript covers a conventional lysogeny module for dairy phages (integrase. superinfection exclusion, repressor genes). However, in prophages LJ965 and LJ928 additional genes were apparently inserted into the  ...
Roland J. Siezen, Jan Kok, Tjakko Abee, 2002
5
Travaux scientifiques de François Jacob
to suppose that the chromosome-prophage link is ruptured. From the work with polylysogenic strains and from the study of photorestoration, it appears that the primary cause of phage development in inducible bacteria does not result from a  ...
François Jacob, Nadine Peyrieras, 2002
6
Virus Taxonomy: Classification and Nomenclature of Viruses : ...
... phage/prophage CUS1 (CUS1) Phages of Neissericeae N. menigitidis prophage MDA [NC_003116] (MDAgo) N. menigitidis prophage Nf1-A [ NC_003116] (Nf1A) N. menigitidis prophage Nf3-A [NC_003116] (Nf3A) N. menigitidis prophages ...
Andrew M.Q. King, Michael J. Adams, Elliot J. Lefkowitz, 2012
7
Genetics
A cos prophage prevents expression of the genes of the infecting phage. This resistance to infection by a phage identical with the prophage, which is called immunity, is the usual criterion for determining whether a bacterial cell contains a  ...
Daniel L. Hartl, Maryellen Ruvolo, 2011
8
Heredity
The )\ prophage itself was shown to be the determinant of A lysogeny and to occupy a specific position on the bacterial chromosome: linked to the gall, cistron which controls phosphogalactotransferase.31'33 Similar genetic analysis has been ...
I Gunsalus, 2012
9
Molecular Biology of the Cell, Fifth Edition: The Problems Book
7–31 A. The results of the matings in Figure 7–10 show that bacteriophage prolifera7–32 A. 7–33 A. tion and cell lysis occur only when the donor carries a lambda prophage and the recipient does not. These results are consistent with the idea ...
John Wilson, Tim Hunt, 2012
10
Pasteurellaceae: Biology, Genomics and Molecular Aspects
Several of the Pasteurellaceae genomes con- tain prophage or candidate prophage regions; these genomes include H. influenzae strains 86-028NP ( Harrison et al., 2005; Munson et al., 2004a), R2866 (Erwin et al., 2005), 86- 028NP ...
Peter Kuhnert, Henrik Christensen, 2008

10 NEWS ITEMS WHICH INCLUDE THE TERM «PROPHAGE»

Find out what the national and international press are talking about and how the term prophage is used in the context of the following news items.
1
Agenus Inc. (NASDAQ:AGEN) Short Interest Update
The Companys key candidates from these technology platforms include QS-21 Stimulon adjuvant (QS-21), the Prophage Series vaccines and ... «Insider Trading Report, Jul 15»
2
MLV & Co. Reaffirms "Buy" Rating for Agenus (AGEN)
... drug (IND)-enabling studies, Prophage Series vaccine, a Phase III ready HSP-based autologous vaccine for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), ... «Dakota Financial News, Jul 15»
3
Agenus to benefit from malaria vaccine partnership with …
The company also plans to publish the detailed results of the Phase 2 study of Prophage for the treatment of newly-diagnosed GBM in 2H15. The analyst ... «Proactive Investors USA & Canada, Jul 15»
4
Biotech Stocks with Pessimistic Trend - Calithera Biosciences Inc …
“Of note, we presented updated Phase 2 results at ASCO for our autologous heat shock protein vaccine, Prophage, in newly diagnosed ... «Wall Street Observer, Jul 15»
5
Agenus (AGEN) Announces Earnings Results
... drug (IND)-enabling studies, Prophage Series vaccine, a Phase III ready HSP-based autologous vaccine for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), ... «The Legacy, Jul 15»
6
Agenus Reports Second Quarter 2015 Financial Results
“Of note, we presented updated Phase 2 results at ASCO for our autologous heat shock protein vaccine, Prophage, in newly diagnosed ... «Business Wire, Jul 15»
7
GSK's Malaria Vaccine Containing Agenus' QS-21 Stimulon …
Agenus' heat shock protein vaccine, Prophage, has successfully completed Phase 2 studies in newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme. «Yahoo Finance UK, Jul 15»
8
Agenus (AGEN) Reports Wider-than-Expected Q2 Loss - Tale of the …
The company is developing Prophage for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme and intends to advance it into a phase III study in newly ... «Nasdaq, Jul 15»
9
Agenus Inc 29.4% Potential Upside has been Indicated by MLV & Co
... drug (IND)-enabling studies, Prophage Series vaccine, a Phase III ready HSP-based autologous vaccine for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), ... «DirectorsTalk Interviews, Jul 15»
10
Will Agenus (AGEN) Disappoint Investors this Earnings? - Analyst Blog
The company is developing Prophage for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme and expects to advance the candidate into a registration ... «Nasdaq, Jul 15»

REFERENCE
« EDUCALINGO. Prophage [online]. Available <https://educalingo.com/en/dic-en/prophage>. May 2024 ».
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