QUE SIGNIFIE COUNTERSHADING EN ANGLAIS
Countershading
Counterthrough, ou Thayer's Law, est une forme de camouflage. Le contre-usage est le modèle de coloration animale dans lequel la pigmentation d'un animal est plus foncée sur le côté supérieur et plus légère sur le dessous du corps. Ce modèle se retrouve dans de nombreuses espèces de mammifères, de reptiles, d'oiseaux et de poissons, et existe depuis au moins le Crétacé. Lorsque la lumière tombe sur un objet uniformément coloré, comme une sphère par dessus, il fait apparaître le côté supérieur plus léger et le dessous plus foncé, classant de l'un à l'autre. Ce motif de lumière et d'ombre fait que l'objet semble solide et agit donc comme un signal visuel qui rend l'objet plus facile à détecter. Counhdhading réduit la facilité de détection des prédateurs et des proies en contrebalancant les effets de l'ombre de soi, encore une fois avec le classement du noir à la lumière. En théorie, cela pourrait être utile pour le camouflage militaire, mais dans la pratique, il a été rarement appliqué, malgré les meilleurs efforts de l'artiste Abbott Handerson Thayer et des zoologistes tels que Hugh Cott. Un mécanisme apparenté, contre-illumination, ajoute la création de lumière par bioluminescence ou des lampes pour correspondre à la luminosité réelle d'un arrière-plan.
définition de countershading dans le dictionnaire anglais
La définition de countershading dans le dictionnaire est un motif, servant de camouflage, dans lequel les couleurs foncées se produisent sur les parties du corps exposées à la lumière et les couleurs pâles sur les parties à l'ombre.
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10 LIVRES EN ANGLAIS EN RAPPORT AVEC «COUNTERSHADING»
Découvrez l'usage de
countershading dans la sélection bibliographique suivante. Des livres en rapport avec
countershading et de courts extraits de ceux-ci pour replacer dans son contexte son utilisation littéraire.
1
Introduction to Marine Biology
This shark demonstrates the principle of obliterative countershading. When
viewed from above, the dark back blends in with the surrounding dark water;
when viewed from below, the white belly blends in with the brightly lit surface.
central core ...
George Karleskint, Richard Turner, James Small,
2012
2
Zooplankton: Sensory Ecology and Physiology
PHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS IN THE CONTROL OF BIOLUMINESCENT
COUNTERSHADING IN A MIDWATER SHRIMP MICHAEL I. LATZ Marine
Biology Research Division 0202, Scripps Institution of Oceanography University
of ...
P Lenz, D K Hartline, J Purcell,
1997
3
Encyclopedia of Deserts
COUNTERSHADING. Process of optical flattening that confers camouflage to
animals. When sunlight illuminates an object from above, the object will be
brightest on top (dorsum) and will gradually shade to a darker color toward the
bottom ...
Michael A. Mares, Oklahoma Museum of Natural History (Norman, Okla.),
1999
4
The Nature Handbook : A Guide to Observing the Great ...
Countershading. The darker appearance of the dorsal or upper side of an animal,
a pattern known as countershading, is thought to make the animal less visible to
its predators or prey by either of two mechanisms. The first is obliteration of form ...
Department of Biology Hamilton College Ernest H. Williams Jr. Professor,
2005
5
Animal Camouflage: Mechanisms and Function
I have emphasised the word discovery because, as is frequently noted, it was not
Thayer who first discovered countershading. As has been confirmed, as early as
1886, Poulton had published his own observations about countershading, ...
Martin Stevens, Sami Merilaita,
2011
6
Perspectives on Animal Behavior
COUNTERSHADING Many animals have dark backs and light bellies, a pattern
called countershading. Over a century ago, the painter and naturalist A. H.
Thayer (1896) suggested that countershading makes animals difficult to detect
because ...
Judith Goodenough, Betty McGuire, Elizabeth Jakob,
2009
Skates and rays that swim near the surface of oceans need camouflage on both
sides of their disks. These skates and rays often have a type of camouflage called
countershading. Animals with countershading have dark backs and light bellies.
Rebecca Sjonger, Bobbie Kalman,
2005
8
Antipredator Defenses in Birds and Mammals
that simple background matching of countershaded pastry against dark-green
grass cannot be an adequate explanation for their lower rates of predation. There
must be something additionally beneficial to countershading, but this was
unlikely ...
9
Animal Coloration: Activities on the Evolution of Concealment
Countershading is frequently observed in nature. Many common mammals and
birds have darker colors on their dorsal (back) surface than on their ven‐tral
surface. There is considerable evidence that this feature of coloration has
evolved ...
Robert Cyril Stebbins, D. C. Ipsen, Gretchen Gillfillan,
2008
10
Visual Perception: Physiology, Psychology, & Ecology
Countershading. and. reverse. countershading. A creature might be well
camouflaged in terms of matching the colours and contrasts in its background.
but could still be apparent as a distinct figure by virtue of its solidity. There will be
a distinct ...
Vicki Bruce, Patrick R. Green, Mark A. Georgeson,
2003
10 ACTUALITÉS CONTENANT LE TERME «COUNTERSHADING»
Découvrez de quoi on parle dans les médias nationaux et internationaux et comment le terme
countershading est employé dans le contexte des actualités suivantes.
Highlights from the 2015 Meeting of the Vision Sciences Society
Countershading refers to shading patterns commonly found in aquatic animals, where the belly is coloured a brighter shade than the back: ... «PLoS Blogs, juin 15»
Alabama 4-H Center brings scales, feathers and fun to Mt Laurel …
Hunt explained how Walter the turtle uses “countershading” to hide from predators. His yellow belly disguises him as the sun to predators in the ... «Shelby County Reporter, juin 15»
Malacology Monthly: Cephalopod Compendium
... it doesn't illuminate the feeding tentacles, and it doesn't seem to provide the invisible cloak of countershading that balances the downwelling ... «Deep-Sea News, mai 15»
Nautilus, Chepalopoda Purba Yang Tersisa
Secara internal, cangkang terbagi menjadi beberapa ruang (camerae), dengan mode kamuflase bernama countershading. Cangkang nautilus ... «Mongabay.co.id, janv 15»
VIDEO: Did you know it's Penguin Awareness Day?
-Their distinct tuxedo-like appearance is called countershading, a form of camouflage that helps keep them safe in the water. -Penguins can be ... «Hamilton Spectator, janv 15»
5 Reasons Why Great White Sharks are the Blackberry of the Seas
Called countershading, their darker upper half makes them harder to spot from above, and their white lower half makes their outline less ... «Deep-Sea News, janv 15»
How a Turn-of-the-Century Painter Influenced Military Camouflage
Called “Thayer's Law,” his assertions on the countershading of animal coloration, so that darker tones were on top and lighter on the bottom, ... «Hyperallergic, juil 14»
Fantastically Wrong: The Surprising Truth Behind the Horrifying …
This is known as countershading. If moonlight hits, say, a uniformly brown owl, it creates a gradient of a lighter top side and darker bottom side, ... «Wired, juin 14»
3 California Frogs Win Protection Under Endangered Species Act
Maxing out at just under three inches long, male Yosemite toads are pale yellow-green to olive above with lighter countershading below, while ... «KCET, avril 14»
Review of 'Masters of Disguise,' at the Intrepid
The last gallery looks at countershading camo. Abbott H. Thayer came up with Thayer's Law around the turn of the 20th century. He found that ... «Wall Street Journal, mars 14»