"coinfect"辞典での英語の意味

英語でCOINFECTの発音

coinfect  [ˌkəʊɪnˈfɛkt]

英語でCOINFECTはどんな意味ですか？

共感染

Coinfection

寄生虫学において、共感染/増殖は、複数の病原体種による宿主の同時感染である。 ウイルス学において、同時感染には、2つ以上のウイルス粒子による単一細胞の同時感染が含まれる。 一例は、B型肝炎ウイルスおよびD型肝炎ウイルスによる肝細胞の同時感染であり、これは最初の感染およびその後の重感染によって段階的に生じ得る。 ヒトの世界的な有病率または重複感染率は不明であるが、これは普遍的であり、時には単一感染よりも一般的であると考えられている。 蠕虫との共感染は、世界中で約8億人の人々に影響を与えます。 病原体種は宿主内で相互作用することができるので、重複感染は特に人間の健康にとって重要です。 人の健康に対する重複感染の正味の効果は負であると考えられている。 相互作用は、他の寄生虫にプラスまたはマイナスの影響を与える可能性があります。 陽性の寄生虫相互作用の下では、疾患の伝播および進行が増強され、これはまた、シンドミズムとしても知られている。

In parasitology, coinfection /ˌkoʊɪnˈfɛkʃən/ is the simultaneous infection of a host by multiple pathogen species. In virology, coinfection includes simultaneous infection of a single cell by two or more virus particles. An example is the coinfection of liver cells with Hepatitis B virus and Hepatitis D virus, which can arise incrementally by initial infection followed by superinfection. Global prevalence or incidence of coinfection among humans is unknown, but it is thought to be commonplace, sometimes more common than single infection. Coinfection with helminths affects around 800 million people worldwide. Coinfection is of particular human health importance because pathogen species can interact within the host. The net effect of coinfection on human health is thought to be negative. Interactions can have either positive or negative effects on other parasites. Under positive parasite interactions, disease transmission and progression are enhanced and this is also known as syndemism.

英語辞典でのcoinfectの定義

辞書の中のcoinfectの定義は、他の感染と同時に感染することです。

英語の動詞COINFECTの活用

PRESENT

Present

I coinfect

you coinfect

he/she/it coinfects

we coinfect

you coinfect

they coinfect

Present continuous

I am coinfecting

you are coinfecting

he/she/it is coinfecting

we are coinfecting

you are coinfecting

they are coinfecting

Present perfect

I have coinfected

you have coinfected

he/she/it has coinfected

we have coinfected

you have coinfected

they have coinfected

Present perfect continuous

I have been coinfecting

you have been coinfecting

he/she/it has been coinfecting

we have been coinfecting

you have been coinfecting

they have been coinfecting

PAST

Past

I coinfected

you coinfected

he/she/it coinfected

we coinfected

you coinfected

they coinfected

Past continuous

I was coinfecting

you were coinfecting

he/she/it was coinfecting

we were coinfecting

you were coinfecting

they were coinfecting

Past perfect

I had coinfected

you had coinfected

he/she/it had coinfected

we had coinfected

you had coinfected

they had coinfected

Past perfect continuous

I had been coinfecting

you had been coinfecting

he/she/it had been coinfecting

we had been coinfecting

you had been coinfecting

they had been coinfecting

FUTURE

Future

I will coinfect

you will coinfect

he/she/it will coinfect

we will coinfect

you will coinfect

they will coinfect

Future continuous

I will be coinfecting

you will be coinfecting

he/she/it will be coinfecting

we will be coinfecting

you will be coinfecting

they will be coinfecting

Future perfect

I will have coinfected

you will have coinfected

he/she/it will have coinfected

we will have coinfected

you will have coinfected

they will have coinfected

Future perfect continuous

I will have been coinfecting

you will have been coinfecting

he/she/it will have been coinfecting

we will have been coinfecting

you will have been coinfecting

they will have been coinfecting

CONDITIONAL

Conditional

I would coinfect

you would coinfect

he/she/it would coinfect

we would coinfect

you would coinfect

they would coinfect

Conditional continuous

I would be coinfecting

you would be coinfecting

he/she/it would be coinfecting

we would be coinfecting

you would be coinfecting

they would be coinfecting

Conditional perfect

I would have coinfect

you would have coinfect

he/she/it would have coinfect

we would have coinfect

you would have coinfect

they would have coinfect

Conditional perfect continuous

I would have been coinfecting

you would have been coinfecting

he/she/it would have been coinfecting

we would have been coinfecting

you would have been coinfecting

they would have been coinfecting

IMPERATIVE

Imperative

you coinfect
we let´s coinfect
you coinfect

NONFINITE VERB FORMS

Infinitive

to coinfect

Past participle

coinfected

Present Participle

coinfecting

COINFECTの翻訳

当社の英語多言語翻訳者が翻訳した25ヵ国語のcoinfectを探してみましょう。

自動統計翻訳によって、このセクションで示されている英語から他の言語へのcoinfectの翻訳を訳しました。この場合は、必須の翻訳単位は英語で«coinfect»という単語です。

• 英語翻訳家 - 中国語: coinfect
• 英語翻訳家 - スペイン語: coinfectar
• 英語: coinfect
• 英語翻訳家 - ヒンディー語: coinfect
• 英語翻訳家 - アラビア語: coinfect
• 英語翻訳家 - ロシア語: coinfect
• 英語翻訳家 - ポルトガル語: coinfect
• 英語翻訳家 - ベンガル語: coinfect
• 英語翻訳家 - フランス語: co-infecter
• 英語翻訳家 - マレー語: Coinfect
• 英語翻訳家 - ドイツ語: coinfect
• 英語翻訳家 - 日本語: 同時感染
• 英語翻訳家 - 韓国語: coinfect
• 英語翻訳家 - ジャワ語: Coinfect
• 英語翻訳家 - ベトナム語: coinfect
• 英語翻訳家 - タミル語: coinfect
• 英語翻訳家 - マラーティー語: योगायोग
• 英語翻訳家 - トルコ語: coinfect
• 英語翻訳家 - イタリア語: coinfect
• 英語翻訳家 - ポーランド語: coinfect
• 英語翻訳家 - ウクライナ語: coinfect
• 英語翻訳家 - ルーマニア語: coinfect
• 英語翻訳家 - ギリシャ語: coinfect
• 英語翻訳家 - アフリカーンス語: coinfect
• 英語翻訳家 - スウェーデン語: coinfect
• 英語翻訳家 - ノルウェー語: coinfect

«COINFECT»に関連する英語の本

以下の図書目録からcoinfectの使いかたを見つけましょう。coinfectに関する本と英語文献で使われた文脈を提供するための簡単な抜粋文。

Mycoviruses

Coinfection of fungi with two or more viruses is of common occur- rence. For example, two dsRNA viruses, the totivirus HvV190S and the chrysovirus HvV145S, coinfect Cochliobolus victoriae (Sanderlin & Ghabrial, 1978), and two totiviruses, ...

‎2013

Viral Infections and Global Change

The segmentation of the arenavirus genome confers the potential for the reassortment of their segments when different viruses coinfect the same cell ( Figure 16.1a and 16.3b). Although the possibility to coinfect cultured cells has been ...

Sunit K. Singh, 2013

Problem solving guide and solutions manual to accompany ...

Coinfect E. coli K12(X) with both mutants. If phage are produced, they lie at the same site. ii. Coinfect E. coli KMX) with both mutants. If phage are not produced, they lie at the same site. iii. Coinfect E. coli B with both mutants and plate the ...

Gail Patt, Peter J. Russell, Anita Bennett, 1994

Cell Biology, Four-Volume Set: A Laboratory Handbook

Infect 73/29 cells in one 6-cm dish (2 ¥ 106 cells seeded the day before) with 1ml of the lysate from the second amplification and coinfect with 5 MOI of helper virus. 9. Again harvest cells 48h after infection when complete cpe is visible and spin ...

Julio E. Celis, Nigel Carter, Kai Simons, 2005

Bacteriophage Ecology: Population Growth, Evolution, and ...

202 the average number of virus particles that can successfully coinfect a single cell (of its usual host, Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola) has been enumerated (Olkkonen and Bamford, 1989; Turner et al., 1999): only one, two, or three ...

Stephen T. Abedon, 2008

Vaccinia Virus and Poxvirology: Methods and Protocols

Double Infection Protocol To enhance recombinant protein production, the T7 promoter-regulated gene of interest can be incorporated into the genome of a second recombinant virus, which is then used to coinfect cells with the virus ...

Stuart N. Isaacs, 2004

Adaptive Dynamics of Infectious Diseases: In Pursuit of ...

This sort of derivation points out an often neglected subtlety of the super- and coinfection processes: the existence of a discontinuous function relating virulence to the ability to coinfect or superinfect (Pugliese 2000). Let the coinfection function ...

Ulf Dieckmann, Johan A. J. Metz, Maurice W. Sabelis, 2005

Genetics: Analysis & Principles:

rII strain 2 (gene A is defective, gene B is normal) rII strain 1 (gene A is defective, gene B is normal) gene A gene B gene A gene B Coinfect E. coliK12 (λ) Plate and observe if plaques are formed. No plaques No complementation occurs, ...

Robert J. Brooker, 2009

Indicators for Waterborne Pathogens

That is, genetic changes in viruses can occur when two or more viruses coinfect host cells and exchange genetic information during replication. The genetic changes can involve major changes or substitutions in whole genes, genomic regions ...

Committee on Indicators for Waterborne Pathogens, Board on Life Sciences, Water Science and Technology Board, 2004

Evolutionary Genetics : Concepts and Case Studies: Concepts ...

Those defective genomes can be copied when they coinfect with full genomes that provide the needed viral gene products (Holland 1990). The shortened genomes often replicate faster than the full genomes, probably because there is less ...

Lexington Charles W. Fox Department of Entomology University of Kentucky, Faculty of Life Sciences University of Manchester Jason B. Wolf Lecturer, 2006

用語«COINFECT»を含むニュース項目

国内外の報道機関が語った内容や、次のニュース項目の文脈からcoinfectという用語がどのように使われているかを調べてみましょう。

How to Win the War Against Infection, Inflammation, Disease and …

... tick-transmitted pathogens that coinfect the critters and wreak havoc in humans: Anaplasma phagocytophilum, an intracellular bacterium, and ... «HealthCanal.com, 6月 15»