ETYMOLOGIA SŁOWA DIFFRACTION
From New Latin diffractiō a breaking to pieces, from Latin diffringere to shatter, from dis- apart + frangere to break.
CO OZNACZA SŁOWO DIFFRACTION
Dyfrakcja
Dyfrakcja odnosi się do różnych zjawisk, które występują, gdy fala napotyka przeszkodę lub szczelinę. W fizyce klasycznej zjawisko dyfrakcyjne opisuje się jako zakłócenie fali zgodnie z zasadą Huygensa Fresnela. Te charakterystyczne zachowania pojawiają się, gdy fala napotyka przeszkodę lub szczelinę, która jest porównywalna pod względem wielkości do jej długości fali. Podobne efekty występują, gdy fala świetlna przechodzi przez medium o zmiennym współczynniku załamania światła lub gdy fala dźwiękowa przechodzi przez medium o różnej impedancji akustycznej. Dyfrakcja odbywa się we wszystkich falach, w tym w falach dźwiękowych, falach wodnych i falach elektromagnetycznych, takich jak światło widzialne, promieniowanie rentgenowskie i fale radiowe. Ponieważ obiekty fizyczne mają właściwości podobne do fal, dyfrakcja występuje również z materią i może być badana zgodnie z zasadami mechaniki kwantowej. Włoski naukowiec Francesco Maria Grimaldi wymyślił słowo "dyfrakcja" i jako pierwszy zapisał dokładne obserwacje zjawiska w 1660 roku.
Definicja słowa diffraction w słowniku
Pierwszą definicją dyfrakcji w słowniku jest odchylenie w kierunku fali na krawędzi przeszkody na swojej drodze. Inną definicją dyfrakcji jest każde zjawisko spowodowane przez dyfrakcję i interferencję światła, takie jak tworzenie się jasnych i ciemnych prążków przez przechodzenie światła przez mały otwór. Dyfrakcja to również ugięcie fal dźwiękowych spowodowane przeszkodą lub niejednorodnością ośrodka.
CYTATY ZE SŁOWEM «DIFFRACTION»
Słynne cytaty i zdania ze słowem
diffraction.
For X-rays, the phenomenon of diffraction by crystals was a natural consequence of the idea that X-rays are waves analogous to light and differ from it only by having a smaller wavelength.
I got bored with the topic; I felt this was 19th century physics. I was wondering if there was still something profound that could be made with light microscopy. So I saw that the diffraction barrier was the only important problem that had been left over.
I imagined there would be a way to crack the diffraction barrier. But of course I didn't know exactly how it would work, but I had a gut feeling that there must be something, and so I tried to think about it, to be creative.
I first met the subject of X-ray diffraction of crystals in the pages of the book W. H. Bragg wrote for school children in 1925, 'Concerning the Nature of Things.'
If diffraction or interference phenomena were to be sought it was therefore necessary, in accordance with the basic principles of wave theory, to select for the test arrangement far smaller decisive dimensions than those employed in corresponding tests with visible light.
The fundamental importance of the subject of molecular diffraction came first to be recognized through the theoretical work of the late Lord Rayleigh on the blue light of the sky, which he showed to be the result of the scattering of sunlight by the gases of the atmosphere.
KSIĄŻKI POWIĄZANE ZE SŁOWEM «DIFFRACTION»
Poznaj użycie słowa
diffraction w następujących pozycjach bibliograficznych Książki powiązane ze słowem
diffraction oraz krótkie ich fragmenty w celu przedstawienia kontekstu użycia w literaturze.
The first edition of this highly successful book appeared in 1975 and evolved from lecture notes for classes in physical optics, diffraction physics and electron microscopy given to advanced undergraduate and graduate students.
2
Electron Backscatter
Diffraction in Materials Science
The purpose of this book is to provide the fundamental basis for electron backscatter diffraction in materials science, the current state of both hardware and software, and illustrative examples of the applications of electron backscatter ...
Adam J. Schwartz, Mukul Kumar, Brent L. Adams,
2010
3
X-ray
Diffraction in Crystals, Imperfect Crystals, and ...
Exploration of fundamentals of x-ray diffraction theory using Fourier transforms applies general results to various atomic structures, amorphous bodies, crystals, and imperfect crystals. 154 illustrations. 1963 edition.
4
X-Ray
Diffraction: A Practical Approach
Theoretical texts of x-rays diffraction often frustrates beginners. After plowing through thick jargon, they may have little understanding of how to record an x-ray diffraction pattern and how to derive useful information from it.
C. Suryanarayana, M. Grant Norton,
1998
This book presents a unified view of diffraction for first-year undergraduate students in physics, engineering & other sciences, & will be especially useful to anyone using optical instruments in experimental work.
6
Industrial Applications of X-Ray
Diffraction
By illustrating a wide range of specific applications in all major industries, this work broadens the coverage of X-ray diffraction beyond basic tenets, research and academic principles.
7
The Basics of Crystallography and
Diffraction
This book provides a clear introduction to topics which are essential to students in a wide range of scientific disciplines but which are otherwise only covered in specialised and mathematically detailed texts.
Christopher Hammond,
2009
8
Diffraction, Fourier Optics and Imaging
This book presents current theories of diffraction, imaging, and related topics based on Fourier analysis and synthesis techniques, which are essential for understanding, analyzing, and synthesizing modern imaging, optical communications ...
9
Powder
Diffraction: Theory and Practice
A long awaited overview of the status of powder diffraction in modern research including essential theory and introductory material for students and researchers.
Robert E. Dinnebier, S. J. L. Billinge,
2008
10
Diffraction Gratings and Applications
"Offers and up-to-date assessment of the entire field of diffraction gratings, including history, physics, manufacture, testing, and instrument design.
Erwin G. Loewen, Evgeny Popov,
1997
WIADOMOŚCI, KTÓRE ZAWIERAJĄ SŁOWO «DIFFRACTION»
Sprawdź, o czym dyskutuje się w prasie krajowej i zagranicznej oraz jak jest stosowane słowo
diffraction w wiadomościach.
Sensitive and Specific: A New Way of Probing Electrolyte/Electrode …
Berkeley Lab researchers' novel diffraction spectroscopy technique will provide insight to chemical processes at important battery interface. «Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lip 15»
Canon Celebrates Significant Milestone with Production of 110 …
Diffraction is an optical phenomenon in which light waves bend as they pass around the edges of an object. DO lens elements use this ... «Business Wire, Lip 15»
Characterisation of Functional Materials on the Nanoscale Using …
These results demonstrate the enhancement in signal provided by TERS; b) TERS image showing sub diffraction limit changes in the G/2D ... «Azom.com, Lip 15»
article - Nature
The X-ray diffraction patterns of the MBCs contain diffraction peaks originating from lactide segment crystals. High moduli (95–43 MPa) and ... «Nature.com, Lip 15»
The fading yellow of Matisse
The 2D full-field X-ray near edge structure imaging, 2D micro-X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence and Fourier transform IR imaging data were ... «spectroscopyNOW.com, Lip 15»
Quantum Mechanics & Enterprise Communications: More Alike …
Electrons undergo diffraction and can interfere with each other as if they were waves, but they also act as small masses with electric charges. «No Jitter, Lip 15»
Spectrometer Small Enough to Work With Smartphones for Bedside …
Traditional spectrometers separate light into component wavelengths using prisms and diffraction gratings, but the new approach relies on ... «Medgadget.com, Lip 15»
Why Matisse's bright yellow pigments fade to beige
These included X-ray diffraction, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence analysis and infrared microscopy. Although the study ... «Phys.Org, Lip 15»
Elemental Analysis (Organic, Inorganic) Market 2015 … - PR Newswire
... X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF). Both organic and inorganic elements can be identified using these technologies. «PR Newswire, Lip 15»
Honouring Dark Lady of DNA - The Malaysian Insider
Dr Rosalind Franklin, infamously known as the Dark Lady of DNA, and the X-ray diffraction Photo 51. – http://bio1151.nicerweb.com pic, July 8, ... «The Malaysian Insider, Lip 15»