CO OZNACZA SŁOWO REFORMATE
Reformacja katalityczna
Reformacja katalityczna jest procesem chemicznym stosowanym do przekształcania benzyny naftowej rafineryjnej destylowanej z ropy naftowej, zazwyczaj mającej niską wartość oktanową, w produkty o wysokiej zawartości oktanu, zwane reformatami, stanowiące składniki premii dla wysokooktanowej benzyny. Proces przekształca węglowodory o niskiej wartości oktanowej w węglowodory o wysokooktanowym rozgałęzionym alkanach i cyklicznych naftenach, które częściowo są odwodorowane w węglowodory aromatyczne o wysokiej wartości oktanowej. Odwodornienie powoduje znaczne ilości gazu wodorowego będącego produktem ubocznym, który jest zasilany innymi procesami rafineryjnymi, takimi jak hydrokrakowanie. Boczną reakcją jest hydrogenoliza, która wytwarza lekkie węglowodory o niższej wartości, takie jak metan, etan, propan i butany. Poza składem mieszanki benzyny, reforma jest głównym źródłem aromatycznych chemikaliów luzem, które mają różne zastosowania, a przede wszystkim jako surowce do tworzyw sztucznych. Jednakże zawartość benzenu w reformingu powoduje rakotwórczość, co doprowadziło do skutecznego ograniczenia jej stosowania, tak jak jest; konieczne jest dalsze przetwarzanie w celu zmniejszenia zawartości benzenu.
Definicja słowa reformate w słowniku
Definicja reformatu w słowniku jest produktem, który pojawia się podczas produkcji benzyny i który jest wynikiem procesu reformowania węglowodorów.
KSIĄŻKI POWIĄZANE ZE SŁOWEM «REFORMATE»
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reformate oraz krótkie ich fragmenty w celu przedstawienia kontekstu użycia w literaturze.
1
Model-based Interpretation of the Performance and ...
Degradation of the ohmic resistance (R0) and the single polarization resistances
(Rwf, RlA, R20, RQA and R3A) obtained by CNLS-fitting of the impedance
spectra measured under HZS-free reformate operation. [cell# Z6_127] After the ...
2
Petroleum Refining in Nontechnical Language
Normal paraffins are converted to isoparaffins and naphthenes, and naphthenes
are converted to aromatics to capitalize on their higher octane numbers.
Unfortunately, the higher the octane number of the reformate, the lower the yield
and the ...
3
Reformate assisted hydrocarbon selective catalytic NOx ...
Due to increasingly stringent regulations limiting the emissions of nitrogen oxides worldwide from lean exhaust mobile and other sources, there is great technological need for catalytic reduction of NOx.
William L. Johnson, University of Michigan,
2007
4
Proton Conducting Membrane Fuel Cells II: Proceedings of the ...
Fuel efficiency of the RMFC "system" There are several conversion-efficiency and
fuel-utilization losses in the methanol reformate "system". These are: (i) Because
of the dilution effects for reformate fuel (about 70% mole fraction hydrogen for ...
Shimshon Gottesfeld, Thomas Francis Fuller,
1999
5
The Chemistry and Technology of Petroleum, Fourth Edition
The remainder of the reformed material leaves the top of the tower to be
separated into gases and reformate. The higher octane number of the product (
reformate) is due primarily to the cracking of longer chain paraffins into higher-
octane ...
70 1978 Estimated Production, Raw 10 metric tons Material N0 Catalytic
reformate 13 Pyrolysis gasoline N Catalytic reformate N0 Pyrolysis gasoline 30
Catalytic reformate 270 Catalytic reformate 50 Catalytic reformate 120 Catalytic
reformate ...
7
Chemical Reactor Technology for Environmentally Safe ...
Recently, several processes have been announced which can alkylate the
benzene in a dilute light reformate stream with FCC off-gas. UOP has recently
announced a process called ALKYMAX which can alkylate the benzene in the
light ...
Hugo de Lasa, G. Dogu, G. Dogŭ,
1992
8
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells VIII: (SOFC VIII) : Proceedings of ...
Hydrogen-rich reformate has a number of attributes that make it an attractive fuel
for very low emissions. It offers a fuel source that is very low in hydrocarbons.
Reformate also promotes low temperature conventional exhaust catalyst lightoff,
...
Subhash C. Singhal, M. Dokiya, Electrochemical Society. High Temperature Materials Division,
2003
9
Which Fuels for Low CO2 Engines?: Proceedings of the ...
additional HC's emitted in this cycle with reformate fueling. When using reformate
generated by the reformer the emissions were reduced to 9 mg/mi. This is higher
than the result with bottled reformate. This is due to the fact that the reformer ...
Pierre Duret, Xavier Montagne,
2004
10
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 9
This issue of ECS Transactions is devoted to all aspects of research, development, and engineering of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells and attacks, as well as low-temperature direct-fuel cells.
T. Fuller, T. Fuller, C. Hartnig, V. Ramani, H. Uchida, H. A. Gasteiger, S. Cleghorn, P. Strasser, T. Zawodzinski, D. Jones, P. Shirvanian, T. Jarvi, P. Zelenay, C. Lamy, P. Bele, C. Hartnig,
2009
WIADOMOŚCI, KTÓRE ZAWIERAJĄ SŁOWO «REFORMATE»
Sprawdź, o czym dyskutuje się w prasie krajowej i zagranicznej oraz jak jest stosowane słowo
reformate w wiadomościach.
Iran denies using reformate in domestically produced gasoline
By Fatih Karimov – Trend: No reformate has been used for producing gasoline by petrochemical units in Iran since the last Iranian fiscal year (March 2014), said ... «Trend News Agency, Lip 15»
Negociatorii din partea PLDM-PDM-PL explică cum vor fi reformate …
Procuratura Generală, Centrul Naţional Anticorupţie şi Banca Naţională sunt doar câteva instituţii care trebuie să fie reformate. O spun negociatorii din partea ... «PUBLIKA TV, Lip 15»
USGC raffinate hits record low 58 cents below pipeline gasoline
Raffinate is often blended with the more expensive alkylate and reformate blendstocks for various gasolines. The latter two have been hard to find in the spot ... «Platts, Lip 15»
NWE high-octane gasoline components strengthen on Asian demand
Northwest European high-octane blending components such as reformate, alkylate and MTBE have strengthened in recent days, with an open arbitrage for ... «Platts, Maj 15»
NWE aromatics supported by Chinese demand for gasoline
Reformate and toluene prices have risen, while other non-aromatic octane boosters, such as isomerate and MTBE, have been under downward pressure. «Platts, Kwi 15»
EUGEN TEODOROVICI: Curtea de Conturi si Ministerul Finantelor …
Curtea de Conturi si Ministerul Finantelor Publice trebuie REFORMATE PE FOND pentru a avea cu totii de castigat, in tot ce inseamna economie, a declarat, ... «Mondo News, Kwi 15»
Swedish fuel cell developer PowerCell launched next-generation …
PowerCell's fuel cell stack is designed to work in an auxiliary power unit (APU) environment on reformate gas as well as on a variety of systems running on pure ... «GlobeNewswire, Kwi 15»
Tesoro approves two projects at Washington state refinery
The company's $300 million mixed xylenes project, slated to start up in 2017, will gather reformate, a high-octane gasoline blending stock, from Tesoro's U.S. ... «Reuters, Lut 15»
US Gulf Coast naphtha values surge amid aggressive buying interest
Reformate buyers were nervous given naphtha's aggressive move on Thursday. Reformate was unchanged at M4 pipeline plus 73 cents/gal. --Keefe Borden ... «Platts, Sty 15»
FOTO Kilometrul zero al Revoluţiei din 1989. Asaltul asupra Bisericii …
Arpad Gazda, pe atunci student la Facultatea de Fizică din Timişoara, a fost unul dintre maghiarii care au venit pe 15 decembrie în faţa Bisericii reformate, ... «Adevărul, Gru 14»