O QUE SIGNIFICA EXTERNALITY EM INGLÊS
Externidade
Em economia, uma externalidade é o custo ou benefício que afeta uma parte que não escolheu incorrer nesse custo ou benefício. Por exemplo, as atividades de fabricação que causam a poluição do ar impõem sanidade e custos de limpeza em toda a sociedade, enquanto os vizinhos de um indivíduo que escolhe a prova de fogo de sua casa podem se beneficiar de um risco reduzido de se espalhar em suas casas. Se existirem custos externos, como a poluição, o produtor pode optar por produzir mais do produto do que seria produzido se o produtor fosse obrigado a pagar todos os custos ambientais associados. Se houver benefícios externos, como na segurança pública, podem ser produzidos menos bens do que seria o caso se o produtor recebesse o pagamento dos benefícios externos a outros. Para o propósito dessas declarações, o custo e benefício global para a sociedade é definido como a soma do valor monetário imputado de benefícios e custos para todas as partes envolvidas. Assim, mercados não regulamentados em bens ou serviços com externalidades significativas geram preços que não refletem o custo social total ou o benefício de suas transações; esses mercados são, portanto, ineficientes.
definição de externality no dicionário inglês
A primeira definição de externalidade no dicionário é o estado ou condição de ser externo. Outra definição de externalidade é algo externo. A externa também é a qualidade de existir independentemente de uma mente percebida.
PALAVRAS EM INGLÊS RELACIONADAS COM «EXTERNALITY»
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CITAÇÕES EM INGLÊS COM «EXTERNALITY»
Citações e frases célebres com a palavra
externality.
The reality is gas prices should be much more expensive then they are because we're not incorporating the true damage to the environment and the hidden costs of mining oil and transporting it to the U.S. Whenever you have an unpriced externality, you have a bit of a market failure, to the degree that eternality remains unpriced.
10 LIVROS EM INGLÊS RELACIONADOS COM «EXTERNALITY»
Descubra o uso de
externality na seguinte seleção bibliográfica. Livros relacionados com
externality e pequenos extratos deles para contextualizar o seu uso na literatura.
1
Environmental Economics and Management : Theory, Policy and ...
Having established the basics of what externalities are conceptually, we now
develop a formal model of a negative environmental externality. We elect to
model a production externality, because this approach addresses the most
prevalent ...
Scott Callan, Janet Thomas,
2009
2
Principles of Economics
Pollution per- mits and corrective taxes on emissions, for instance, are designed
to internalize the externality of pollution. More and more, these are the policies of
choice for those interested in protecting the environment. Market forces, properly
...
2 EXTERNALITIES Although the nature of an externality as an effect inflicted by
one agent upon another may seem very clear at an intuitive level, once a
formalisation is attempted a number of issues arise that need to be resolved. Of
most ...
The implications of this type of externality for market failure are quite important.
For example, suppose that the marginal social cost curve was S. This would also
be the supply curve under conditions of perfect competition. Under these ...
5
Durkheim's Philosophy Lectures: Notes from the Lycée de Sens ...
External. Perception. The. Origin. of. the. Idea. of. Externality. It's through external
perception that the external world becomes known to us. But does this world
really exist? This is the question we'll address in the next few lectures. It can be ...
Later in this section, we illustrate this condition graphically. Meaning in Terms
Category Definition of Marginal Benefits and Costs 1 No negative or positive
MEC I 0 and MEB I 0; It follows that externality MSC I A/IPC and M53 I MP3 2
Negative ...
7
New Trends in Ecology Research
constitutes a widespread application of the opportunities for transferring an
externality. The transfer of externalities is automatic in some special cases, as
happens with a great deal of the atmospheric pollution generated in a city. If one
tries to ...
A. R. Burk, James C. Ascough,
2005
8
Environmental and Natural Resources Economics: Theory, ...
Pecuniary Externality An externality that occurs due to the normal process of
buyers and sellers entering or exiting the market. A pecuniary externality
operates through market prices. It has nothing to do with the inappropriate choice
of ...
Therefore, these people receive a benefit for which they do not pay (i.e., a
positive externality). 4. Some contemporary economists would argue that this
type of externality is not a "real" externality but merely a pecuniary externality.
Pecuniary ...
10
Applied Cost-benefit Analysis, Second Edition:
5.1.1 Definitions of externality Buchanan and Stubblebine (1962) provided a
battery of definitions of externality that are very useful for public policy purposes.
They define when an externality exists, and when there is, and there is not, ...
10 NOTÍCIAS NAS QUAIS SE INCLUI O TERMO «EXTERNALITY»
Conheça de que se fala nos meios de comunicação nacionais e internacionais e como se utiliza o termo
externality no contexto das seguintes notícias.
Green Chemistry in Modern Mining and Rare Earth Beneficiation
This situation is an example of negative externality, where the cost of producing the rare earth metals is borne, to a large degree, by society at ... «InvestorIntel, jul 15»
$15 Trillion Plan Would Have All of America on Renewable Energy …
“Fossil fuel costs 30 cents per kilowatt hour, when externality costs are included.” The plan's timeline has energy supplies switch to 80 percent ... «The Epoch Times, jul 15»
Report by Brattle Economists Quantifies Significant Value of Nuclear …
... tons of sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions annually, together valued at $8.4 billion using the National Academy of Science's externality estimates. «Digital Journal, jul 15»
BAILOUT FICTION: Greece and the Groogle Syndicate option
Before he could settle himself and correct for the unanticipated externality, a smart-shirt/sock data dispatch registering a quickened pulse was ... «FT Alphaville, jul 15»
Making healthy transport policies
It leads the world in pricing and restricting road use, to account for the negative "externality" imposed by those who take cars instead of the MRT ... «The Straits Times, jul 15»
Are environmental taxes addressing our health concerns?
Pollution can be regarded as an externality and, hence, not only an explicit cost of producing goods and services, but as one that is also borne ... «Graphic Online, jul 15»
Here's What It Will Take for Women's Sports to Grow in the US
But when other fans are relatively scarce, this network externality is quite weak. Only with time will that network get stronger. It seems easy for ... «TIME, jul 15»
Osborne's chance to make sense of muddled UK climate taxes
Putting a price on an externality — making the polluter pay the cost of the harm created by the pollution produced — is often the most efficient ... «Financial Times, jul 15»
ObamaCare and America's Death Spiral
... the popular belief that maladies are caused by an imperfect externality and therefore with the correct reconfiguration of the world (i.e. theirs), ... «American Thinker, jul 15»
The Rinse-Wash-Repeat Approach for Getting Growth Results
These leaders are fully in control of their growth destinies, yet all too often are unable to deliver and either blame some externality or create a ... «Huffington Post, jul 15»