ETIMOLOGIA CUVÂNTULUI JOSEPHSON EFFECT
Named after Brian David Josephson (born 1940), Welsh physicist; shared the Nobel prize for physics in 1973.
CE ÎNSEAMNĂ JOSEPHSON EFFECT ÎN ENGLEZĂ?
Efectul Josephson
Efectul Josephson este fenomenul supra-curentului - adică. un curent care curge pe o perioadă nedeterminată de timp fără nici o tensiune aplicată pe un dispozitiv cunoscut ca o joncțiune Josephson, care constă din două supraconductoare cuplate printr-o legătură slabă. Legătura slabă poate consta dintr-o barieră izolatoare subțire, o secțiune scurtă de metal neperconductor sau o constricție fizică care slăbește supraconductivitatea la punctul de contact. Efectul Josephson este un exemplu al unui fenomen cuantic macroscopic. Acesta este numit după fizicianul britanic Brian David Josephson, care a prezis în 1962 relațiile matematice pentru curent și tensiune pe legătura slabă. Efectul DC Josephson a fost observat în experimentele anterioare anului 1962, dar a fost atribuit "super-pantalonilor" sau breșelor în bariera izolatoare care conduce la conducerea directă a electronilor între supraconductori. Prima lucrare care a pretins descoperirea efectului lui Josephson și efectuarea controalelor experimentale necesare era cea a lui Philip Anderson și a lui John Rowell. Acești autori au primit brevete privind efectele care nu au fost niciodată executate, dar niciodată contestate.
Definiția Josephson effect în dicționarul Engleză
Definiția efectului Josephson în dicționar este oricare dintre fenomenele care apar când un curent electric trece printr-un strat izolator foarte subțire între două substanțe superconductoare. Aplicațiile includ standardizarea foarte precisă a voltului.
CĂRȚI ÎN ENGLEZĂ ÎN LEGĂTURĂ CU «JOSEPHSON EFFECT»
Descoperă întrebuințarea
Josephson effect în următoarea selecție bibliografică. Cărți în legătură cu
Josephson effect și extrase din aceasta pentru a furniza contextul de întrebuințare al acestuia în literatura Engleză.
1
Physics and applications of the
Josephson effect
Comprehensive coverage of the Josephson effect, from a survey of underlying physical theory to actual and proposed engineering applications.
Antonio Barone, Gianfranco Paternò,
1982
2
Superconductivity: Physics and Applications
An unusual realization of the Josephson effect was observed in a single crystal
high-Tc superconductor Bi2Sr2Cu2Cu3O10. This strongly anisotropic, layered
structure consists of alternating superconducting CuO2-layers separated by ...
Kristian Fossheim, Asle Sudboe,
2005
3
SQUIDs, the
Josephson Effects and Superconducting Electronics
5.9 SQUID and Josephson Effect Noise Thermometry In Chapter 4 the topic of
thermal noise originating in a resistor R at temperature 7" has already been dealt
with at some length. In the classical limit the voltage noise power per unit ...
4
Textbook Of Engineering Physics
The Josephson effect is the phenomenon of current flow across two weakly
coupled superconductors, separated by a very thin insulating barrier. This
arrangement, in which two superconductors are linked by a non-conducting
barrier, ...
5
Catalog of National Bureau of Standards publications, 1966-1976
Josephson effect; Absolute ampere; Fundamental constants; 15979. SP305-8.
Josephson effect; Lasers; Metrology; Basic standards; 13053. SP305-4.
Josephson effect; Lasers; Submillimeter waves; Superconductivity; Infrared; / /
509.
United States. National Bureau of Standards. Technical Information and Publications Division, Betty L. Burris, Rebecca J. Morehouse,
1978
6
The Nature of Science: An A-Z Guide to the Laws and ...
The existence of this current (soon verified experimentallyl is called the DC
Josephson effect. Now, if a constant voltage is applied across the junction, the
quantum mechanical prediction is that Cooper pairs will move through the
junction first ...
7
Quantum Neural Computation
6.3.1 Josephson Effect and Pendulum Analog Josephson Effect The basic
equations governing the dynamics of the Josephson effect are (see, e.g., [BP82]):
U(t) = 2e ∂φ ∂t , I(t) = Icsinφ(t), where U(t) and I(t) are the voltage and current
across ...
Vladimir G. Ivancevic, Tijana T. Ivancevic,
2010
... average d /dt of the derivative of the phase. The voltage itself oscillates in time
, and Fig. 15.37 shows two examples of these oscillations. E. Inverse ac
Josephson Effect We have found that applying a dc voltage across a Josephson
junction ...
Charles P. Poole Jr., Horacio A. Farach, Richard J. Creswick,
2010
9
Digital and Analogue Instrumentation: Testing and Measurement
... effect standard is for resistance. Details of these standards can be found in
References 2–5. 1.4.1 The Josephson effect
TheJosephsoneffectischaracteristicofweaklycoupledsuperconductorswhencooled
belowtheir transitiontemperatures [4].
10
Superfluidity and Superconductivity
Several experimenters, using this arrangement, obtained results which they
believed to be manifestations of an AC Josephson effect, but later work
undermined this interpretation. Rather more encouraging results have come from
experiments ...
D.R. Tilley, J Tilley,
1990
ȘTIRI NOI CARE INCLUD TERMENUL «JOSEPHSON EFFECT»
Află ce ziare naționale și internaționale au scris despre și cum este întrebuințat termenul
Josephson effect în contextul următoarelor știri.
These Scientists Rebuilt Lab Equipment Out Of Legos -- And It Works!
Unfortunately, it still requires some abstraction to explain how electrical power is related to the Planck constant via the Josephson effect and the ... «io9, Dec 14»
Quest for Quantum Computers Heats Up
Thanks to a quantum phenomenon known as the Josephson effect, electric currents flowing around tiny loops in such circuits can circle both ... «Scientific American, Dec 14»
Dudley Buck's Forgotten Cryotron Computer
Their attention focused on special cryotrons that exhibited a quantum-mechanical phenomenon called the Josephson effect. In the early 1970s, ... «IEEE Spectrum, Mar 14»
Spin superconductor and its Ginzburg-Landau theory
Moreover, there are many other important phenomena related to superconductivity, such as Josephson effect, magnetic flux quantization, etc. «Peking University News, Dec 13»
Séamus Davis receives honorary degree
At the event, Murphy reviewed Davis' discovery of the superfluid Josephson effect, based on the 1960s prediction of Richard Feynman and ... «Cornell Chronicle, Dec 13»
4 Ways That Quantum Technology Could Transform Health Care
... MRI machines to be more sensitive—and to work faster—by harnessing the supercurrent phenomenon known as the Josephson effect. «Co.Exist, Sep 13»
Redefining the ampere with the help of graphene?
Voltage can be measured using the AC Josephson effect, while resistance can be related through the quantum Hall effect. Both these ... «physicsworld.com, Mai 13»
Graphene joins the race to redefine the ampere
... derived indirectly from resistance or voltage, which can be realised separately using the quantum Hall effect and the Josephson Effect. «E&T magazine, Mai 13»
The kilogram is the last SI unit to be represented by a physical …
If you know voltage from the Josephson effect, current from the quantum Hall effect and Josephson Effect, acceleration due to gravity from a ... «New Electronics, Apr 13»
Viewpoint: Superconductivity on a Charge Diet
Because of the Josephson effect, this evolving phase will generate a voltage in the two leads. The vortex Nernst effect, which shows large ... «Physics, Apr 13»