CĂRȚI ÎN ENGLEZĂ ÎN LEGĂTURĂ CU «PRIMARY TENSE»
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1
Structure and Function: Approaches to the simplex clause
The Finite element carries either (primary) tense or modality, both of which are
seen as relating the Event deictically to the here-and-now of the speaker or writer
(Halliday 1994b: 197). The logical structure of the verbal group consists of ...
2
A Student's Advanced Grammar of English (SAGE)
045 Introduction 046 The present perfect 047 The past perfect Introduction Going
back to tense and aspect as a system, we must remember that every finite verb is
marked for primary tense, secondary tense, and aspect; and also that all three ...
3
Techniques of Description: Spoken and Written Discourse
2 Within the set of finite clauses remaining (which therefore have temporal deixis,
that is, primary tense) identify and count those whose primary tense is future. 3
Subtract future from temporal deixis and label the remaining set nonfuture.
Gwyneth Fox, Michael Hoey, John M. Sinclair, 2004
4
Systemic Functional Grammar & Natural Language Generation
He has driven a Trabi) The grammar has two systems that describe the six
German tenses: PRIMARY-TENSE and SECONDARY—TENSE, where the
SECONDARY— TENSE system is dependent on PRIMARY-TENSE. The NIGEL
grammar ...
5
Computational and Quantitative Studies
2 Primary (deictic) tense: past / present [see (2) below] The hypothesis was that
polarity would be skew, with 0.9 positive : 0.1 negative; while primary tense
would be equi, with each term around 0.5. What was the relevant population for
these ...
M.A.K. Halliday, Jonathan J. Webster, 2006
6
Studies in Chinese Language
Tense is temporal location of an abstract, non- lexical (semantically grammatical)
kind, relating only to the time of speaking (primary tense) or (secondary tense) to
the time spoken of (i.e. to primary tense).34 Ifnevertheless Chao is refusing the ...
M.A.K. Halliday, Jonathan J. Webster, 2009
7
A Student's Introduction to English Grammar
The perfect in this case serves to locate the situation in past time, just like the
preterite in clauses that do have primary tense. Compare the following pairs: [45]
PRIMARY TENSE: PRETERITE NO PRIMARY TENSE: PERFECT i a. We believe
...
Rodney D. Huddleston, Geoffrey K. Pullum, 2005
These two tenses are both measured from a past primary tense. The future
perfect (I shall have seen) is measured from a future primary tense. 280. The
primary tense required to supplement a secondary tense need not always be
expressed if ...
9
Glossary of Hindi/Urdu and English linguistic terminology : ...
... NN 1971: 283); molik -. radical tense (UT 1961: 485), simple tense (UT 1969:
484; NN 1971: 282); molik krdantTya -, radical participial present (UT 1969: 488);
mul -, primary tense (BT 1963: 793), pure tense (BT 1963: 794), radical tense (BT
...
10
The Prominence of
Tense, Aspect, and Mood
There are several instances in which a language that was described by a series
of grammarians as showing a primary tense distinction, like past, present and
future, has been shown to be actually making a primary aspect or mood
distinction.
D. N. Shankara Bhat, 1999
