ЭТИМОЛОГИЯ СЛОВА EXTERNAL
From Latin externus outward, from exterus on the outside, from ex out of.
ЧТО ОЗНАЧАЕТ СЛОВО EXTERNAL
внешность
В экономике внешний вид - это затраты или выгоды, которые влияют на сторону, которая не решила взять на себя эту выгоду. Например, производственные мероприятия, которые вызывают загрязнение воздуха, налагают расходы на здравоохранение и очистку для всего общества, тогда как соседи индивидуума, который выбирает огнестойкий дом, могут воспользоваться сниженным риском возгорания огня в своих домах. Если существуют внешние издержки, такие как загрязнение, производитель может выбрать производство большей части продукта, чем было бы произведено, если производитель должен был оплатить все связанные с этим экологические издержки. Если есть внешние выгоды, например, в общественной безопасности, может быть произведено меньшее количество товара, чем это было бы, если бы производитель получал плату за внешние выгоды для других. Для целей этих заявлений общая стоимость и польза для общества определяется как сумма условной денежной стоимости выгод и издержек для всех вовлеченных сторон. Таким образом, нерегулируемые рынки товаров или услуг со значительными внешними факторами порождают цены, которые не отражают полную социальную стоимость или выгоду от их транзакций; поэтому такие рынки неэффективны.
Значение слова external в словаре английский языка
Первое определение внешнего словаря состоит из, расположенного или подходящего для внешнего; наружный. Другое определение внешнего приближается или действует извне. Внешние также связаны с иностранными государствами или связаны с ними; иностранный.
ЦИТАТЫ СО СЛОВОМ «EXTERNAL»
Известные цитаты и высказывания со словом
external.
Very broadly, literature concerns itself with the internal, cinema with the external.
If we pursue this matter further, we shall be told that the stable object is unchanging under the impact or stress of some particular external or internal variable or, perhaps, that it resists the passage of time.
You will obtain a vision of matter that is perhaps fatiguing for your imagination, but pure and stripped of what the requirements of life make you add to it in external perception.
While day by day the overzealous student stores up facts for future use, he who has learned to trust nature finds need for ever fewer external directions. He will discard formula after formula, until he reaches the conclusion: Let nature take its course.
It is, then, by those shadows of the hoary Past and their fantastic silhouettes on the external screen of every religion and philosophy, that we can, by checking them as we go along, and comparing them, trace out finally the body that produced them.
As no outward motion or change, when normal, in man's external body can take place unless provoked by an inward impulse, given through one of the three functions named, so with the external or manifested Universe.
What is real is not the external form, but the essence of things... it is impossible for anyone to express anything essentially real by imitating its exterior surface.
The principle we call self-love never seeks anything external for the sake of the thing, but only as a means of happiness or good: particular affections rest in the external things themselves.
I have lived by one crucial principle since I was 24 years old. I don't blame or complain about things like the economy, the government, taxes, employees, gas prices, or any of the external things that I don't have control over. The only thing I have control over is my response to these things.
But, on balance, we seized the marketplace. We've got a great infrastructure. And yes it's struggling in some areas because of some external factors and some internal factors.
КНИГИ НА АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫКЕ, ИМЕЮЩЕЕ ОТНОШЕНИЕ К СЛОВУ «EXTERNAL»
Поиск случаев использования слова
external в следующих библиографических источниках. Книги, относящиеся к слову
external, и краткие выдержки из этих книг для получения представления о контексте использования этого слова в литературе на английский языке.
1
Secondary School
External Examination Systems: Reliability, ...
These are, it is argued, instrumental in nurturing and maintaining public confidence in external examinations.
Barend Vlaardingerbroek, Neil Taylor,
2009
2
EU
External Relations Law
Rev. ed. of: External relations of the European Union legal and constitutional foundations / Piet Eeckhout. [1st ed.] 2004.
3
The
External Control of Organizations: A Resource Dependence ...
This work explores how external constraints affect organizations and provides insights for designing and managing organizations to mitigate these constraints.
Jeffrey Pfeffer, Gerald R. Salancik,
2003
4
Our Knowledge of the
External World: As a Field for ...
I believe that the time has now arrived when this unsatisfactory state of affairs can be brought to an end' - Bertrand Russell So begins Our Knowledge of the Eternal World, Bertrand Russell's classic attempt to show by means of examples, ...
5
External Debt Management
Edited by Hassanali Mehran, this volume is a compilation of 13 papers presented at a seminar organized by the IMF Institute and the Central Banking Department.
6
Europe's Global Role:
External Policies of the European Union
First published in 2008 and based on an innovative framework for analyzing the EU's external politics, this paperback edition provides a historical overview of and theoretical conclusions about the EU's global role.
7
Cornea and
External Eye Disease: Corneal ...
The 8 recurring volumes of the 'Essentials in Ophthalmology' series cover the most recent developments in one of eight subspecialties in Ophthalmology.
Thomas Reinhard, Frank Larkin,
2010
8
External Fixators of the Foot and Ankle
Abundant illustrations highlight the text, providing a surgeon’s eye view of a range of commonly performed procedures.
Paul Cooper, Thomas Zgonis, Vasilios Polyzois,
2012
9
External Works, Roads and Drainage: A Practical Guide
This comprehensive book includes sections on legislation, environmental issues, surface water, highway and foul drainage design, road and pavement design, and external works.
10
Language Change: The Interplay of Internal,
External, and ...
This volume focuses on the interface of different motivating factors that contribute to language change.
Mari C. Jones, Edith Esch,
2002
НОВОСТИ, В КОТОРЫХ ВСТРЕЧАЕТСЯ ТЕРМИН «EXTERNAL»
Здесь показано, как национальная и международная пресса использует термин
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