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Meaning of "centromere" in the English dictionary

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DICTIONARY
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PRONUNCIATION OF CENTROMERE

centromere  [ˈsɛntrəˌmɪə] play
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GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF CENTROMERE

noun
adjective
verb
adverb
pronoun
preposition
conjunction
determiner
exclamation
Centromere is a noun.
A noun is a type of word the meaning of which determines reality. Nouns provide the names for all things: people, objects, sensations, feelings, etc.

WHAT DOES CENTROMERE MEAN IN ENGLISH?

Centromere

The centromere is the part of a chromosome that links sister chromatids. During mitosis, spindle fibers attach to the centromere via the kinetochore. Centromeres were first defined as genetic loci that direct the behavior of chromosomes. Their physical role is to act as the site of assembly of the kinetochore - a highly complex multiprotein structure that is responsible for the actual events of chromosome segregation - e.g. binding microtubules and signalling to the cell cycle machinery when all chromosomes have adopted correct attachments to the spindle, so that it is safe for cell division to proceed to completion. There are broadly speaking two types of centromeres. "Point centromeres" bind to specific proteins that recognise particular DNA sequences with high efficiency. Any piece of DNA with the point centromere DNA sequence on it will typically form a centromere if present in the appropriate species. The best characterised point centromeres are those of the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Definition of centromere in the English dictionary

The definition of centromere in the dictionary is the dense nonstaining region of a chromosome that attaches it to the spindle during mitosis.

WORDS THAT RHYME WITH CENTROMERE


actinomere
ˈæktɪnəʊˌmɪə
arthromere
ˈɑːθrəˌmɪə
blastomere
ˈblæstəʊˌmɪə
Buttermere
ˈbʌtəˌmɪə
capsomere
ˈkæpsəˌmɪə
casimere
ˈkæsɪˌmɪə
cassimere
ˈkæsɪˌmɪə
chromomere
ˈkrəʊməˌmɪə
ectomere
ˈɛktəʊˌmɪə
Grasmere
ˈɡrɑːsˌmɪə
kerseymere
ˈkɜːzɪˌmɪə
mesomere
ˈmɛsəʊˌmɪə
metamere
ˈmɛtəˌmɪə
podomere
ˈpɒdəˌmɪə
rhabdomere
ˈræbdəˌmɪə
Rothermere
ˈrɒðəˌmɪə
sarcomere
ˈsɑːkəʊˌmɪə
telomere
ˈtɛləˌmɪə
uromere
ˈjʊərəʊˌmɪə
Windermere
ˈwɪndəˌmɪə

WORDS THAT BEGIN LIKE CENTROMERE

centring
centriole
centripetal
centripetal force
centripetalism
centripetally
centrism
centrist
centrobaric
centroclinal
centrode
centroid
centroidal
centrolecithal
centromeric
centrosome
centrosomic
centrosphere
centrosymmetric
centrum

WORDS THAT END LIKE CENTROMERE

anywhere
arriere
as it were
as you were
Calimere
cashmere
chimere
dungmere
epimere
everywhere
here
macromere
mere
micromere
out there
Point Calimere
somewhere
there
Thirlmere
were

Synonyms and antonyms of centromere in the English dictionary of synonyms

SYNONYMS

Translation of «centromere» into 25 languages

TRANSLATOR
online translator

TRANSLATION OF CENTROMERE

Find out the translation of centromere to 25 languages with our English multilingual translator.
The translations of centromere from English to other languages presented in this section have been obtained through automatic statistical translation; where the essential translation unit is the word «centromere» in English.

Translator English - Chinese

着丝粒
1,325 millions of speakers

Translator English - Spanish

centrómero
570 millions of speakers

English

centromere
510 millions of speakers

Translator English - Hindi

गुणसूत्रबिंदु
380 millions of speakers
ar

Translator English - Arabic

السنترومير
280 millions of speakers

Translator English - Russian

центромера
278 millions of speakers

Translator English - Portuguese

centrômero
270 millions of speakers

Translator English - Bengali

centromere
260 millions of speakers

Translator English - French

centromère
220 millions of speakers

Translator English - Malay

Centromere
190 millions of speakers

Translator English - German

Zentromer
180 millions of speakers

Translator English - Japanese

セントロメア
130 millions of speakers

Translator English - Korean

중심 소체
85 millions of speakers

Translator English - Javanese

Centromere
85 millions of speakers
vi

Translator English - Vietnamese

tâm
80 millions of speakers

Translator English - Tamil

சென்ட்ரோமீர்
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Marathi

सेंट्रोरेरे
75 millions of speakers

Translator English - Turkish

sentromer
70 millions of speakers

Translator English - Italian

centromero
65 millions of speakers

Translator English - Polish

centromer
50 millions of speakers

Translator English - Ukrainian

центромера
40 millions of speakers

Translator English - Romanian

centromere
30 millions of speakers
el

Translator English - Greek

κεντρομερές
15 millions of speakers
af

Translator English - Afrikaans

sentromeer
14 millions of speakers
sv

Translator English - Swedish

centromeren
10 millions of speakers
no

Translator English - Norwegian

cent
5 millions of speakers

Trends of use of centromere

TRENDS

TENDENCIES OF USE OF THE TERM «CENTROMERE»

The term «centromere» is quite widely used and occupies the 51.936 position in our list of most widely used terms in the English dictionary.
0
100%
FREQUENCY
Quite widely used
76
/100
The map shown above gives the frequency of use of the term «centromere» in the different countries.
Principal search tendencies and common uses of centromere
List of principal searches undertaken by users to access our English online dictionary and most widely used expressions with the word «centromere».

FREQUENCY OF USE OF THE TERM «CENTROMERE» OVER TIME

The graph expresses the annual evolution of the frequency of use of the word «centromere» during the past 500 years. Its implementation is based on analysing how often the term «centromere» appears in digitalised printed sources in English between the year 1500 and the present day.

Examples of use in the English literature, quotes and news about centromere

EXAMPLES

10 ENGLISH BOOKS RELATING TO «CENTROMERE»

Discover the use of centromere in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to centromere and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in English literature.
1
The centromere
Supported by ample illustrations, the book is written with sufficient simplicity and detail to suit both specialist and non-specialist scholars. It is the first book on the subject
K. H. Andy Choo, 1997
2
Plant Centromere Biology
Centromere biology has also opened the door to new advances in plant biotechnology and the volume concludes with chapters that look at the development of the latest centromere-related biotechnological accomplishments.
Jiming Jiang, James A. Birchler, 2013
3
Centromere: Structure and Evolution
Despite their conserved, essential function, centromeres are characterized by the rapid evolution of both centromeric DNA and proteins. This book presents current views on centromere structure and identity.
Durdica Ugarkovic, 2009
4
Advances in Centromere Research and Application: 2013 ...
The editors have built Advances in Centromere Research and Application: 2013 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about ZZZAdditional Research in this book to be deeper than what you ...
‎2013
5
The Role of Retroviruses and RNA in Mammalian Centromere ...
The transcriptional framework of the eukaryotic centromere core has been described in budding yeast and rice, but for most eukaryotes and all vertebrates it remains unknown.
Dawn M. Carone, 2008
6
Centromere Function and Evolution in Maize (Zea Mays).
A dispensable supernumerary chromosome present in maize, the B chromosome, was the focus of many centromere studies.
Jonathan Carl Lamb, 2006
7
Molecular Interactions that Affect Centromere Function ...
B. The centromere-kinetochore of Saccharomyces cerevisiae All eukaryotic chromosomes rely on the fidelity of chromosome segregation machineries to faithfully transmit genetic information from one generation to the next. The centromere is ...
Abeer M. Almutairi, 2008
8
Handbook of Plant Science
Alexander V Vershinin, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Novosibirsk, Russia The centromere functions are conserved among all eukaryotes but different organisms have strikingly different centromeric deoxyribonucleic acids (DMAs).
9
Marsupial Genetics and Genomics
Differences in centromere position make the marsupial X quite variable morphologically between species. For instance, the X chromosome is metacentric in some species of opossums (genus Gracilinanus), submetacentric in the slender ...
Janine E. Deakin, Paul D. Waters, Jennifer A. Marshall Graves, 2010
10
The Kinetochore:: From Molecular Discoveries to Cancer Therapy
Centromere spreading has also been observed in Drosophila minichromo- somes formed by gamma irradiation (Maggert and Karpen 2007). This study suggested that centromeric chromatin spreads into flanking chromosomal sequences after ...
Peter De Wulf, William Earnshaw, 2008

10 NEWS ITEMS WHICH INCLUDE THE TERM «CENTROMERE»

Find out what the national and international press are talking about and how the term centromere is used in the context of the following news items.
1
Comparative genetic study of intratumoral heterogenous MYCN …
... probes: 1p36(D1Z2)/centromere chromosome 1 (Qbiogene, Amsterdam, The Netherlands), MYCN(2p24)/LAF(2q11), MLL(11q23)/SE11 and ... «Nature.com, Jun 15»
2
Study on how maternal proteins help regulate initial cell divisions …
ATRX is a protein that binds to the centromere of all chromosomes in every single cell of the body, but when it malfunctions, chromosomes ... «News-Medical.net, Jun 15»
3
Touchpoints Of The Chromosome Scaffold
The team found that the largest amount of condensin aggregates at the centromere, the central knot tying together the two replicated ... «Asian Scientist Magazine, Jun 15»
4
Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology (OIST) Graduate …
The OIST researchers found that the largest amount of condensin aggregates at the centromere, the central knot tying together the two ... «EurekAlert, May 15»
5
A genetic basis for human centromeres
"We realized that by isolating the sequences bound to centromere-specific chromatin proteins we could identify centromere sequences by ... «Fred Hutch News Service, May 15»
6
The oncogenic role of the cochaperone Sgt1
... Santa Ana, CA, USA), mouse anti-CENP-H (BD Biosciences), human anti-centromere autoimmune serum (a generous gift from Dr. William R. «Nature.com, May 15»
7
CT/Lung Function Tests Predict Fibrosis in Systemic Sclerosis
In multivariate analyses, predictors for no lung fibrosis at follow-up were anti-centromere antibodies (OR 4.7, 95% CI 2.72-7.98, P=0.001) and ... «MedPage Today, May 15»
8
Lineage specific evolution of the VNTR composite retrotransposon …
Centromere remodeling in Hoolock leuconedys (Hylobatidae) by a new transposable element unique to the gibbons. Genome Biol Evol. 2012 ... «BMC Blogs Network, May 15»
9
Post-translational modifications A chromosome's guide to the …
Barisic et al. now report that transport by the kinesin motor centromere-associated protein E (CENP-E; also known as kinesin 7) to the spindle ... «Nature.com, May 15»
10
Penn Team Finds Protein "Cement" that Stabilizes the Crossroad of …
This area, called the centromere, is where special proteins gather and attach to pull daughter cells apart during cell division. The structure and ... «Penn: Office of University Communications, May 15»

REFERENCE
« EDUCALINGO. Centromere [online]. Available <https://educalingo.com/en/dic-en/centromere>. Apr 2024 ».
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