Meaning of "sham" in the English dictionary

ETYMOLOGY OF THE WORD SHAM

Perhaps a Northern English dialect variant of shame.

Etymology is the study of the origin of words and their changes in structure and significance.

PRONUNCIATION OF SHAM

sham  [ʃæm]

GRAMMATICAL CATEGORY OF SHAM

Sham is a verb and can also act as a noun and an adjective.

A noun is a type of word the meaning of which determines reality. Nouns provide the names for all things: people, objects, sensations, feelings, etc.

The adjective is the word that accompanies the noun to determine or qualify it.

The verb is the part of the sentence that is conjugated and expresses action and state of being.

See the conjugation of the verb sham in English.

WHAT DOES SHAM MEAN IN ENGLISH?

Definition of sham in the English dictionary

The first definition of sham in the dictionary is anything that is not what it purports or appears to be. Other definition of sham is something false, fake, or fictitious that purports to be genuine. Sham is also a person who pretends to be something other than he is.

CONJUGATION OF THE VERB TO SHAM

PRESENT

Present

I sham

you sham

he/she/it shams

we sham

you sham

they sham

Present continuous

I am shamming

you are shamming

he/she/it is shamming

we are shamming

you are shamming

they are shamming

Present perfect

I have shammed

you have shammed

he/she/it has shammed

we have shammed

you have shammed

they have shammed

Present perfect continuous

I have been shamming

you have been shamming

he/she/it has been shamming

we have been shamming

you have been shamming

they have been shamming

Present tense is used to refer to circumstances that exist at the present time or over a period that includes the present time. The present perfect refers to past events, although it can be considered to denote primarily the resulting present situation rather than the events themselves.

PAST

Past

I shammed

you shammed

he/she/it shammed

we shammed

you shammed

they shammed

Past continuous

I was shamming

you were shamming

he/she/it was shamming

we were shamming

you were shamming

they were shamming

Past perfect

I had shammed

you had shammed

he/she/it had shammed

we had shammed

you had shammed

they had shammed

Past perfect continuous

I had been shamming

you had been shamming

he/she/it had been shamming

we had been shamming

you had been shamming

they had been shamming

Past tense forms express circumstances existing at some time in the past,

FUTURE

Future

I will sham

you will sham

he/she/it will sham

we will sham

you will sham

they will sham

Future continuous

I will be shamming

you will be shamming

he/she/it will be shamming

we will be shamming

you will be shamming

they will be shamming

Future perfect

I will have shammed

you will have shammed

he/she/it will have shammed

we will have shammed

you will have shammed

they will have shammed

Future perfect continuous

I will have been shamming

you will have been shamming

he/she/it will have been shamming

we will have been shamming

you will have been shamming

they will have been shamming

The future is used to express circumstances that will occur at a later time.

CONDITIONAL

Conditional

I would sham

you would sham

he/she/it would sham

we would sham

you would sham

they would sham

Conditional continuous

I would be shamming

you would be shamming

he/she/it would be shamming

we would be shamming

you would be shamming

they would be shamming

Conditional perfect

I would have sham

you would have sham

he/she/it would have sham

we would have sham

you would have sham

they would have sham

Conditional perfect continuous

I would have been shamming

you would have been shamming

he/she/it would have been shamming

we would have been shamming

you would have been shamming

they would have been shamming

Conditional or "future-in-the-past" tense refers to hypothetical or possible actions.

IMPERATIVE

Imperative

you sham
we let´s sham
you sham

The imperative is used to form commands or requests.

NONFINITE VERB FORMS

Infinitive

to sham

Past participle

shammed

Present Participle

shamming

Infinitive shows the action beyond temporal perspective. The present participle or gerund shows the action during the session. The past participle shows the action after completion.

SYNONYMS OF «SHAM»

The following words have a similar or identical meaning as «sham» and belong to the same grammatical category.

synonyms of sham

affect · artificial · assume · bogus · counterfeit · ersatz · fake · false · feign · feigned · feint · forgery · fraud · hoax · humbug · imitate · imitation · impostor · imposture · mock · play possum · pretence · pretend · pretended · pretender · pseud · pseudo · put on · simulate · simulated · spurious · synthetic · wolf in sheep´s clothing

TRANSLATION OF SHAM

Find out the translation of sham to 25 languages with our English multilingual translator.

The translations of sham from English to other languages presented in this section have been obtained through automatic statistical translation; where the essential translation unit is the word «sham» in English.

• Translator English - Chinese: 假的东西
• Translator English - Spanish: fraude
• English: sham
• Translator English - Hindi: दिखावा
• Translator English - Arabic: صورية
• Translator English - Russian: обман
• Translator English - Portuguese: fraude
• Translator English - Bengali: মিথ্যা
• Translator English - French: frime
• Translator English - Malay: Syam
• Translator English - German: Attrappe
• Translator English - Japanese: いんちき
• Translator English - Korean: 가짜
• Translator English - Javanese: Sham
• Translator English - Vietnamese: giả mạo
• Translator English - Tamil: போலி
• Translator English - Marathi: खोटा
• Translator English - Turkish: sahte
• Translator English - Italian: finzione
• Translator English - Polish: fikcją
• Translator English - Ukrainian: обман
• Translator English - Romanian: fals
• Translator English - Greek: φενάκη
• Translator English - Afrikaans: skyn
• Translator English - Swedish: sham
• Translator English - Norwegian: sham

10 QUOTES WITH «SHAM»

Famous quotes and sentences with the word sham.

1

Marion Barry

This is not a sham, not a game. This is the real stuff.

2

David Brock

It's all a sham: I have seen, and I know firsthand, indeed from my own pen, how the organized Right has sabotaged not only journalism but also democracy and truth.

3

Rob Corddry

Ethanol is, in its pure form, just as much of a sham as oil.

4

Rupert Everett

I think belief is like having the first Microsoft Windows - it's so rudimentary, in the human brainwork, it's so obviously a sham.

5

Felicity Huffman

By definition, a hearing is an inquiry into many sides of an issue with testimony from various points of views. But mark this: The Republicans did not have a single woman to testify in support of the contraception mandate. That is not a hearing; that is a sham.

6

Eric Lefkofsky

I'm going to start a lot of companies. These are not sham companies. These are great businesses.

7

William Morris

If you cannot learn to love real art, at least learn to hate sham art and reject it.

8

Nostradamus

Sham liberty will be proclaimed everywhere.

9

Joseph Pulitzer

An able, disinterested, public-spirited press, with trained intelligence to know the right and courage to do it, can preserve that public virtue without which popular government is a sham and a mockery.

10

Anna Sewell

There is no religion without love, and people may talk as much as they like about their religion, but if it does not teach them to be good and kind to man and beast, it is all a sham.

10 ENGLISH BOOKS RELATING TO «SHAM»

Discover the use of sham in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to sham and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in English literature.

Sham: How the Self-Help Movement Made America Helpless

Self-help: To millions of Americans it seems like a godsend. To many others it seems like a joke. But as investigative reporter Steve Salerno reveals in this groundbreaking book, it’s neither—in fact it’s much worse than a joke.

Steve Salerno, 2005

Ballroom, Boogie, Shimmy Sham, Shake: A Social and Popular ...

Examining social and popular dance forms from a variety of critical and cultural perspectives

Julie Malnig, 2009

"The Sham Squire": And the Informers of 1798. With a View of ...

And the Informers of 1798. With a View of Their Contemporaries. To which are Added, in the Form of an Appendix, Jottings about Ireland Seventy Years Ago William John Fitzpatrick. The following letter from the late Dr Petric, the father of Irish ...

William John Fitzpatrick, 1866

Syria and Bilad Al-Sham Under Ottoman Rule: Essays in Honour ...

This volume brings together some thirty essays in a Festschrift in honour of Abdul-Karim Rafeq, the leading historian of Ottoman Syria, touching on themes in socio-economic history which have been Rafeq's principal academic concerns.

Peter Sluglett, Stefan Weber, 2010

The 'Pedophile' Sham: Undermining the Torah Matrix

Throughout the book, the author recounts life experiences, urging readers to set and stay focused on goals; the piece is filled with lessons learned about responsibility, commitment, hard work and faith.

Arthur S. Joseph, 2008

Catia V5R17: For Engineers & Designers (With Cd)

This is a comprehensive textbook that is written with the intention of helping the readers effectively use the CATIA V5 R17 solid Modeling tool.

Sham Tickoo, 2008

SolidWorks 2013 for Designers

"Consists of 1028 pages of heavily illustrated text covering the following features of SolidWorks: part design, assembly design, detailing and drafting, blocks, sheet metal modeling, and surface modeling."--Cover.

Sham Tickoo, 2013

AutoCAD X: A Problem-Solving Approach, 1st ed.: A ...

AUTOCAD® 2012: A PROBLEM SOLVING APPROACH is a comprehensive resource that will teach the progression from the rudiments of AutoCAD to the advanced concepts of 3D modeling and customization.

Sham Tickoo, 2011

MPLS and VPN Architectures

The sham-link provides virtual intra-area connectivity across the MPLS VPN Super- backbone so that traffic can be attracted to the backbone rather than taking the backdoor link between sites. As previously stated, this logical link runs within ...

Jim Guichard, Ivan Pepelnjak, Jeff Apcar, 2003

Statistics in Human Genetics

In human genetic research sophisticated statistical methods are increasingly being used to analyse results.

Pak Sham, 1998

10 NEWS ITEMS WHICH INCLUDE THE TERM «SHAM»

Find out what the national and international press are talking about and how the term sham is used in the context of the following news items.

Ahrar al-Sham official killed in double bombing

Ahrar al-Sham is one of the most powerful rebel groups in northern Syria and belongs to an alliance with Al-Qaeda affiliate the Nusra Front that has seized most ... «The Daily Star, Jul 15»

Dozens Of Eastern European Women Trafficked To West For Sham …

In Britain, one of several countries where the brides show up, the number of women suspected of being trafficked for sham marriages in 2013 doubled from the ... «Huffington Post, May 15»

Syria rebels 'seize ancient town of Bosra al-Sham'

Beirut (AFP) - Syrian rebels on Wednesday seized full control of the southern town of Bosra al-Sham, pushing pro-regime forces out after four days of heavy ... «Yahoo News, Mar 15»

UK legal notice of intention to wed rises from 15 to 28 days

The changes have already prompted an 80% increase in reports of suspected sham cases – from 1,099 between July and December 2013 to more than 2,000 in ... «The Guardian, Mar 15»

Jailed, groom in sham wedding who couldn't remember bride's name

A sham marriage plot fell apart when the bridegroom forgot his future wife's name and told the registrar they communicated only by laptop, a court heard ... «Daily Mail, Feb 15»

Manchester trafficking ring 'sold pregnant woman into sham marriage'

Silhouette of a woman against blinds Greater Manchester police said there were up to 400 cases involving women being trafficked for sham marriages in the ... «The Guardian, Nov 14»

Report: Airstrikes target another Islamist group in Syria

Airstrikes by the U.S.-led coalition against ISIS targeted the Islamist rebel group Ahrar al Sham for the first time overnight in Syria, a monitoring group said ... «CNN, Nov 14»

Congress Minister Sham Lal Sharma Resigns From Omar Abdullah …

Jammu: Ahead of announcement of elections in Jammu and Kashmir, Congress Minister Sham Lal Sharma, who has been facing criticism over handling of ... «NDTV, Oct 14»

Former assemblywoman sentenced to year in jail over sham marriage

A former Washington Heights assemblywoman was sentenced to a year in jail Friday for participating in a sham marriage that allowed her to become a US ... «New York Post, Oct 14»

New leader of Ahrar al Sham previously led Free Syrian Army unit

The Islamic Front identified Sheikh Hashim al Sheikh, who is also known as Abu Jaber, as the emir of Ahrar al Sham in two announcements on its Twitter page. «Long War Journal, Sep 14»